Harvest, Employment, Exports, and Prices in Pacific Northwest Forests,

Transcription

1 Pacific Northwest Research Station Harvest, Employment, Exports, and Prices in Pacific Northwest Forests, General Technical Report PNW-GTR-547 July 2002 Debra D. Warren United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service

2 Author Debra D. Warren is an economist, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Suite 400, 620 SW Main, Portland, OR

3 Abstract Summary Warren, Debra D Harvest, employment, exports, and prices in Pacific Northwest forests, Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-547. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 11 p. Provides historical information on log harvest; employment in the forest industries; international trade in logs, lumber, and chips; and volume and average prices of sawtimber stumpage sold by national forests. Keywords: Log harvest, employment (forest products industries), exports (forest products), and stumpage prices. The following tables have been compiled from historical publications of production, prices, employment, and trade in Northwest forest industries. This report presents data from 1965 through 2000 for the Pacific Northwest forest industries. In most industries, dramatic changes are shown through the years. In the Oregon and Washington harvest statistics, high peaks occurred in 1968 and 1973, and the lowest harvests were in Employment in the forest industries has steadily declined and hit an all-time low in Enormous changes are shown in log exports from the Pacific Northwest: highest volumes were in 1988 and 1989, and now the volumes are back to the 1960s level. The chip market remained fairly steady in volume, with prices hitting their peaks in The lumber exports (like the logs) peaked in 1988 and 1989, but the prices were highest in 1995 and The national forest sawtimber volume was highest in 1970 but dropped off to only 155 million board feet by 2000.

4 Tables Table 1 Oregon timber harvest by ownership, Table 2 Washington timber harvest by ownership, Table 3 Employment in forest products industries in Washington and Oregon, Table 4 Volume and average value of softwood log exports from the Seattle Customs District by species to all countries, Table 5 Volume and average value of softwood log exports from the Columbia-Snake Customs District by species to all countries, Table 6 Volume and average value of chips exported from the Oregon and Washington Customs Districts, Table 7 Volume and average value of softwood lumber exports from the Seattle Customs District by species to all countries, Table 8 Volume and average value of softwood lumber exports from the Columbia-Snake Customs District by species to all countries, Table 9 Volume of sawtimber sold on national forests by selected species, Pacific Northwest Region, Table 10 Average stumpage prices for sawtimber sold on national forests by selected species, Pacific Northwest Region,

5 Table 1 Oregon timber harvest by ownership, Bureau Bureau National of Land of Indian Other Year Private State forest Management Affairs public Total Million board feet,scribner scale , ,781 1, , , ,269 1, , , ,181 1, , , ,642 1, , , ,464 1, , , ,832 1, , , ,197 1, , , ,944 1, , , ,836 1, , , ,163 1, , , , , , ,174 1, , , ,913 1, , , ,235 1, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,850 1, , , ,451 1, , , ,487 1, , , ,307 1, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,854 Source: Oregon Department of Forestry. 1

6 Table 2 Washington timber harvest by ownership, Bureau Bureau National of Land of Indian Other Year Private State forest Management Affairs public Total Million board feet, Scribner scale , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,015 1,004 1, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,068 1,095 1,276 a , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,561 1,013 1, , ,989 1,064 1, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , a , , a , , a , , a , , a , , a , , a , , a , , a ,130 a Less than 1 million board feet. Source: Washington Department of Natural Resources. 2

7 Table 3 Employment in forest products industries in Washington and Oregon, Washington and Oregon Washington Oregon Lumber Paper and Lumber Paper and Lumber Paper and and wood allied and wood allied and wood allied Year Total products products Total products products Total products products Thousands of persons Source: State employment agencies. The lumber and wood products industry includes logging, lumber, plywood, poles and pilings, and miscellaneous wood products. The paper and allied products industry includes pulp, paper, paperboard, and building board products. Data are based on place of residence. 3

8 Table 4 Volume and average value of softwood log exports from the Seattle Customs District by species to all countries, Total Douglas-fir Western hemlock Other softwoods Average Average Average Average Year Volume value Volume value Volume value Volume value Million board feet; value in dollars per thousand board feet a a a a , a a , a a 1, , a a 1, , a a 1, , a a 1, , a a 1, , a a 1, , a a 1, , a a , a a 1, , a a 1, , a a 1, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , a Prior to 1979, western hemlock was included in Other softwoods. Source: U.S. Department of Commerce. 4

9 Table 5 Volume and average value of softwood log exports from the Columbia- Snake Customs District by species to all countries, Total Douglas-fir Western hemlock Other softwoods Average Average Average Average Year Volume value Volume value Volume value Volume value Million board feet; value in dollars per thousand board feet a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , a Prior to 1979, western hemlock was included in Other softwoods. Source: U.S. Department of Commerce. 5

10 Table 6 Volume and average value of chips exported from the Oregon and Washington Customs Districts, Oregon Customs District Washington Customs District Average Average Year Volume value Volume value Short tons, on a dry-weight basis; value in dollars per short ton , , , ,102, , ,460, , ,605, , ,504, , ,081, , ,778, , ,177, , ,436, , ,881, , ,892, , ,650, , ,125, , ,849, , ,076, , ,914, , ,668, , ,632, , ,626, , ,577, , ,852, , ,015, , ,252, , ,081, , ,141, , ,766, , ,544, , ,563, , ,329, , ,230, , ,247, , ,076, , ,024, , , , Source: U.S. Department of Commerce. 6

11 Table 7 Volume and average value of softwood lumber exports from the Seattle Customs District by species to all countries, Total Douglas-fir Western hemlock Other softwoods Average Average Average Average Year Volume value Volume value Volume value Volume value Million board feet; value in dollars per thousand board feet NA 62 NA 9 NA 25 NA NA 63 NA 3 NA 32 NA NA 68 NA 5 NA 38 NA NA 66 NA 6 NA 33 NA NA 70 NA 2 NA 34 NA NA 76 NA 12 NA 47 NA NA 89 NA 10 NA 32 NA , , NA = not available. Source: U.S. Department of Commerce. 7

12 Table 8 Volume and average value of softwood lumber exports from the Columbia-Snake Customs District by species to all countries, Total Douglas-fir Western hemlock Other softwoods Average Average Average Average Year Volume value Volume value Volume value Volume value Million board feet; value in dollars per thousand board feet NA 223 NA 11 NA 8 NA NA 215 NA 9 NA 13 NA NA 217 NA 9 NA 20 NA NA 238 NA 5 NA 29 NA NA 216 NA 9 NA 21 NA NA 228 NA 22 NA 24 NA NA 179 NA 12 NA 13 NA NA = not available. Source: U.S. Department of Commerce. 8

13 Table 9 Volume of sawtimber sold on national forests by selected species, Pacific Northwest Region, Douglas-fir Ponderosa Noble fir Other West East and Jeffrey Sugar White Lodgepole Engelmann Sitka Western and Shasta true All Year side side pines pine pine pine spruce spruce hemlock Cedars Larch red fir firs species Thousand board feet, Scribner scale ,918, , ,602 26,395 38,855 40,571 9,122 16, ,479 99,165 58,424 71, ,017 4,424, ,966, , ,379 35,211 37,706 49,107 10,819 7, , ,614 67, , ,666 4,683, ,819, , ,936 33,317 58, ,995 11,377 12, ,780 96,234 31,748 97, ,242 4,374, ,040, , ,117 42,421 34,938 71,794 12,695 14, , ,993 28,986 79, ,078 4,637, ,831, , ,647 36,377 83,936 92,132 7,729 9, , ,919 33,099 74, ,745 4,363, ,062, , ,457 42,367 90, ,942 23,387 12, , ,067 85, , ,973 5,128, ,662, , ,152 34,855 42,750 42,135 16,028 17, ,716 96,814 43,817 51, ,324 4,094, ,985, , ,423 33,772 29,637 95,781 9,967 11, , ,783 34,217 53, ,988 4,517, ,614, , ,289 44,969 16, ,607 7,870 18, , ,885 28,005 35, ,943 4,133, ,735, , ,673 35,603 24,696 62,862 7,149 13, ,822 72,024 21,214 42, ,138 4,175, ,859, , ,923 31,110 30,931 81,713 12,955 16, , ,711 28,548 57, ,672 4,515, ,268, , ,486 21,120 28,891 60,821 7,453 4, ,844 71,443 36,670 67, ,979 3,281, ,714, , ,204 31,474 22, ,875 7,961 14, , ,596 21,400 52, ,265 4,182, ,862, , ,907 40,184 15,461 63,415 23,894 14, , ,477 33,929 56, ,281 4,591, ,945, , ,590 32,775 15, ,898 16,149 15, , ,712 38, , ,967 4,971, ,036, , ,859 33,676 14, ,721 20,047 19, , ,567 38,537 80, ,542 4,694, ,944, , ,421 31,104 10, ,794 11,121 17, , ,513 62, , ,357 4,739, ,837, , ,280 30,926 11, ,687 17,560 13, , ,696 26,674 72, ,896 4,303, ,773, , ,176 22,116 11, ,753 15,462 7, , ,264 30,969 41, ,251 4,201, ,740, , ,407 25,137 11, ,280 12,365 8, ,458 95,038 18,682 64, ,762 4,054, ,491, , ,990 30,312 11, ,264 19,164 11, ,541 75,697 33, , ,335 3,531, ,094, , ,884 29,709 20,618 93,677 21,984 14, , ,268 46,364 61, ,708 4,859, ,876, , ,770 34,524 10,593 80,925 27,906 9, , ,239 34, , ,108 4,206, ,790, , ,546 39,436 10, ,398 39,222 10, ,541 99,038 66,308 49, ,048 4,267, , , ,393 17,288 5,891 69,981 30,314 2, ,717 33,950 38,834 24, ,921 1,982, ,931, , ,635 25,035 6, ,096 24,965 3, ,068 71,847 69,441 41, ,564 4,270, ,078 94, ,308 1, ,157 11, ,324 8,551 25,920 9, , , ,359 70, ,187 1, ,563 1, ,227 6,696 9,452 7,186 69, , ,985 43, ,418 2, ,082 4, ,272 3,596 2,350 1,007 47, , ,333 37,560 21,418 1, ,501 1, ,454 3,126 10,251 1,305 27, , ,107 72,291 87,349 2, ,194 1, ,358 8,012 7,953 19,606 51, , , ,093 89,490 15, ,968 1, ,291 3,326 12,484 10, , , , ,294 55,173 2,086 2,560 17, ,186 24,553 2,243 3,374 11,156 50, , , ,978 90, , ,235 2,204 1,142 3,369 89, , ,922 92,888 58, , ,241 1,450 2,375 4,970 36, , ,493 34, , , , ,084 Source: Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Pacific Northwest Region; includes Oregon and Washington and a small portion of northern California. 9

14 10 Table 10 Average stumpage prices for sawtimber sold on national forests by selected species, Pacific Northwest Region, Douglas-fir Ponderosa Noble fir Other West East and Jeffrey Sugar White Lodgepole Engelmann Sitka Western and Shasta true All Year side side pines pine pine pine spruce spruce hemlock Cedars Larch red fir firs species Dollars per thousand board feet , Source: Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Pacific Northwest Region; includes Oregon and Washington and a small portion of northern California.

15 Literature Cited Austin, J.W Production, prices, employment, and trade in Northwest forest industries. Resour. Bull. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. Quarterly. Darr, D.R Production, prices, employment, and trade in Northwest forest industries. Resour. Bull. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. Quarterly. Hamilton, T.E Production, prices, employment, and trade in Northwest forest industries. Resour. Bull. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. Quarterly. Holt, E.C Production, prices, employment, and trade in Northwest forest industries. Resour. Bull. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. Quarterly. Ruderman, F.K Production, prices, employment, and trade in Northwest forest industries. Resour. Bull. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. Quarterly. Warren, D.D Production, prices, employment, and trade in Northwest forest industries. Resour. Bull. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. Quarterly. 11

16 The Forest Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture is dedicated to the principle of multiple use management of the Nation s forest resources for sustained yields of wood, water, forage, wildlife, and recreation. Through forestry research, cooperation with the States and private forest owners, and management of the National Forests and National Grasslands, it strives as directed by Congress to provide increasingly greater service to a growing Nation. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, gender, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, or marital or family status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA s TARGET Center at (202) (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, Room 326-W, Whitten Building, 14th and Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC or call (202) (voice and TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Pacific Northwest Research Station Web site Telephone (503) Publication requests (503) FAX (503) pnw_pnwpubs@fs.fed.us Mailing Address Publications Distribution Pacific Northwest Research Station P.O. Box 3890 Portland, OR

17 U.S. Department of Agriculture Pacific Northwest Research Station 333 S.W. First Avenue P.O. Box 3890 Portland, OR Official Business Penalty for Private Use, $300