2012 Wisconsin Envirothon Forestry Exam

Transcription

1 2012 Wisconsin Envirothon Forestry Exam SAMPLE 1 DENDROLOGY (TREE ID) 1. What is the name of this tree? 2. This tree s leaf structure can best be defined as. a. Simple b. Pinnately compound c. Lobed d. Toothed 3. This tree grows best on which of the following soil types? a. Well drained sandy soils of low to medium site quality b. Coarse, deep, moist, well-drained, medium fertility, and slightly acid soils c. Moist to wet, deep, fertile, mineral or organic soils d. Deep, well-drained loamy soils 4. This tree s ability to tolerate low-light conditions can be best defined as. a. Intolerant b. Mid-tolerant c. Shade-tolerant d. Disturbance Species 5. The wood of this tree is used most commonly to make which of the following products? a. Gun stocks b. Telephone poles, fence posts, and railroad ties c. Staves for barrels d. Bowling pins, bowling lanes and other floors /10 Running Total: 10 4/12/2012 FINAL VERSION Page 1 of 11

2 SAMPLE 2 DENDROLOGY (TREE ID) 6. What is the name of this tree? 7. This tree s leaf structure can best be defined as. a. Entire b. Pinnately compound c. Lobed d. Fascicled 8. This tree grows best on which of the following soil types? a. Well drained sandy soils of low to medium site quality b. Moderately moist, well drained, and loose textured c. Well-drained loams d. Grows best on deep, well-drained loam to silty, clay loam soils 9. This tree s ability to tolerate low-light conditions can be best defined as. a. Intolerant b. Mid-tolerant c. Shade-tolerant d. Disturbance Species 10. The wood of this tree is used most commonly to make which of the following products? a. Pencils and fenceposts b. Bowling pins, bowling lanes and other floors c. Caskets and match sticks d. Gun stocks /10 Running Total: 20 4/12/2012 FINAL VERSION Page 2 of 11

3 SAMPLE 3 DENDROLOGY (TREE ID) 11. What is the name of this tree? 12. This tree s structure can best be defined as. a. Simple b. Pinnately compound c. Fascicled d. Toothed 13. This tree grows best on which of the following soil types? a. Well drained sandy soils of low to medium site quality b. Moderately moist, well drained, and loose textured c. Well-drained loams d. Grows best on deep, well-drained loam to silty, clay loam soils 14. This tree s ability to tolerate low-light conditions can be best defined as. a. Intolerant b. Mid-tolerant c. Shade-tolerant d. Disturbance Species 15. The wood of this tree is used most commonly to make which of the following products? a. Core stock for pianos and audio/video cabinets b. Telephone poles, fence posts, and railroad ties c. Bowling pins, bowling lanes and other floors d. Gun stocks /10 Running Total: 30 4/12/2012 FINAL VERSION Page 3 of 11

4 SAMPLE 4 DENDROLOGY (TREE ID) 16. What is the name of this tree? 17. This tree s structure can best be defined as. a. Simple b. Pinnately compound c. Lobed d. Toothed 18. This tree grows best on which of the following soil types? a. Well drained sandy soils of low to medium site quality b. Deep, well-drained neutral soils that are moist and fertile c. Well-drained loams d. Grows best on deep, well-drained loam to silty, clay loam soils 19. This tree s ability to tolerate low-light conditions can be best defined as. a. Intolerant b. Mid-tolerant c. Shade-tolerant d. Disturbance Species 20. The wood of this tree is used most commonly to make which of the following products? a. Cabinets and furniture b. Core stock for pianos and audio/video cabinets c. Gun stocks d. Cooperage, tanks and ship knees /10 Running Total: 40 4/12/2012 FINAL VERSION Page 4 of 11

5 21. What are the three primary functions of the root system? 22. Meristematic tissues are the places in the tree where growth occurs. What are the two main types of meristematic tissues found in a tree? 23. Jack pine, white oak, and sugar maple each represent a different seral stage. Please identify the correct seral stage where each of these trees would normally be found. e. Pioneer Stage: f. Intermediate Stage: g. Climax Stage: 24. You are using a 1/10 th acre fixed radius plot to survey a forest stand. There are 12 trees in your plot; six hardwoods and six softwoods. a. If this is the only plot you take in this stand, how many trees per acre are in this forest stand? b. If this stand is four acres in size, then how many hardwood trees are there in this stand? /20 Running Total: 60 4/12/2012 FINAL VERSION Page 5 of 11

6 25. A pine plantation can sequester approximately how many metric tons of CO 2 per acre per year throughout the life of the stand? a. Less than a ton b. 1 to 2 tons c. 3 to 4 tons d. 5 to 6 tons 26. Forests cover 46 percent of the state of Wisconsin. What percent of non-point source pollution comes from forest management activities? a. Less than 1 percent b. 3 percent c. 6 percent d. 12 percent 27. Trees reduce the impact (transfer of energy) of rainfall and prevent soil erosion by what process? a. Infiltration b. Stem flow c. Interception d. Evaporation 28. What is the idea percent forest cover to maintain snowpack and minimize spring runoff from woodlands? a. 10 percent b. 20 percent c. 40 percent d. 80 percent /8 Running Total: 68 4/12/2012 FINAL VERSION Page 6 of 11

7 29. What are three ways that riparian forest buffers protect lakes, streams and wetlands from nonpoint source pollution? 30. Name two ways that Wisconsin s Best Management Practices for water quality protects lakes, streams and wetlands. TIE BREAKER How much actual wood is in a cord of stacked roundwood? a. 64 cubic feet b. 79 cubic feet c. 128 cubic feet d. 160 cubic feet CONTINUE TO PRACTICUM The station moderator has and will fill out the pages of the practicum that complete your exam. /10 Running Total:78 4/12/2012 FINAL VERSION Page 7 of 11

8 Practicum 31. Demonstrate how you would use a prism or angle gauge to perform a point sample. TOOL SELECTED BY STUDENT: Prism Angle Gauge a. Did the student hold the prism or angle gauge appropriately? (1pt, Moderators will be looking at where the team member s eye is and where the tool is held in relation to the sample point.) b. Did the student identify trees as in or out? (1pt, site specific. Answer TBD) IN OUT c. Did the student accurately describe how to handle borderline trees? (2pts, the goal of this question is to see if the student knows the relationship between the tool of choice and tree diameter. The relationship is 2.75*diameter=distance from the tree to plot center. The student will do the math and then measure from the plot center to the centerline of the tree. Mathematical answer is site specific. Answer TBD.) Mathematical answer provided: d. How many trees did the student identify to be measured? (1pt, site specific. Answer TBD.) NUMBER OF TREES: 32. Demonstrate how to use a timber cruising stick to estimate tree diameter and total tree height. a. Diameter i. Did the student accurately describe how to use the Biltmore stick to measure tree diameter? (1pt, student should know to identify breast height on the tree, know where to hold the stick and to line the copper-shod end up with the outside of the bark, and to read the diameter from the scale on the stick. Student also knows that the two measures are taken perpendicular to each other and then averaged.) /6 Running Total: 84 4/12/2012 FINAL VERSION Page 8 of 11

9 ii. Did the student accurately locate breast height? HEIGHT IDENTIFIED: iii. How many inches away from the eye is the stick held? NUMBER OF INCHES: iv. Did the student use the tool appropriately to measure the diameter? (1pt, moderators will be looking for two measures taken perpendicular to each other) b. Height v. What did the student estimate as the diameter of the tree? (1pt, site specific question. Answer TBD.) DIAMETER OF TREE: TOOL SELECTED BY STUDENT: MERRITT HYPSOMETER CLIMETER i. Did the student accurately describe how to use the Merritt Hypsometer or clinometer to measure tree height? (1pt, student will know how far away to use the tool from the target tree, that either tool has two scales for use, and how to use the tool to measure either merchantable height [Merritt Hypsometer] or total height [Clinometer]). ii. Where did the student take the measurement from? (1pt) 66 FROM TREE BASE OR 100 FROM TREE BASE NEITHER iii. Did the student use the correct scale on the chosen tool? (1pt, determined based on where the student takes the measurement from) /7 Running Total: 91 4/12/2012 FINAL VERSION Page 9 of 11

10 iv. If the student chose the clinometer, did the student take two separate measures? (1 pt for either tool, both must be circled for credit) BASE OF THE TREE AND TIP OF THE LEADER v. If the student chose the Merritt Hypsometer, how many inches away from the eye is the stick held? NUMBER OF INCHES: vi. What did the student estimate as the height of the tree? (1pt, site specific question, answer TBD.) HEIGHT OF SAMPLE TREE: Answers for Merrit Hypsometer= sticks or feet (each stick has a 16 value) 33. Demonstrate how you would determine the merchantable height of a tree a. What did the student identify as the minimum diameter for a sawlog? (1pt each, 2pts total) MINIMUM DIAMETER FOR CONIFERS: MINIMUM DIAMETER FOR HARDWOODS: b. Could the student accurately estimate where the minimum diameter for a sawlog would be on the sample tree? c. What did the student identify as the major defects that would limit the number of sawlogs in a tree? MAJOR DEFECTS: /6 Running Total: 97 4/12/2012 FINAL VERSION Page 10 of 11

11 d. What did the student identify as the minimum diameter for a pulp stick? (1pt each, 2pts total) MINIMUM DIAMETER FOR CONIFERS: MINIMUM DIAMETER FOR HARDWOODS: e. Could the student accurately estimate where that point would be on the tree? (1pt, student should know to use the side view of the cruising stick held 66 feet from the base of the tree to approximate the measure) /3 Running Total: 100 4/12/2012 FINAL VERSION Page 11 of 11

12 Specimen Sheet for Question #1

13 Specimen Sheet for Question #2

14 Specimen Sheet for Question #3

15 Specimen Sheet for Question #4