EMERALD ASH BORER 2017 APWA SNOW CONFERENCE.

Transcription

1 EMERALD ASH BORER 2017 APWA SNOW CONFERENCE. MARCH 31, 2017 Department of Public Services

2 WHAT IS EAB? Non-native beetle that kills all varieties of ash trees (Fraxinus species) Larvae feed on phloem and cambial layer under the bark Destroys the tree s ability to transport water and nutrients No known natural enemies in North America es/eab/local-resources/images/native_range.gif

3 Source: IDALS, WHAT IS EAB?

4 WHAT IS EAB? Identified as cause of extensive ash mortality in southeast Michigan in 2002 Suspected to originate from infested packing material from Asia Now identified in 27 states and 2 Canadian provinces

5 WHAT IS EAB? Initially found in Iowa in 2010 As of March, 2017, EAB has been confirmed in 43 Iowa counties Entire state of Iowa placed under quarantine on February 4, 2014 EAB was confirmed in the Metro-May 2015 Source: IDALS, Entomology & Plant Science Bureau

6 WHAT IS EAB? Several hundred million trees killed in North America to date Damage has followed relatively consistent progression Few trees show damage or die in first 4-5 years after first EAB infestation in an area Within 10 years of detection mortality rate approaches 100% Metro area in 2017 at year 4 or 5. Death Curve about to begin! Percent Years Since Arrival of EAB <50% Canopy Dead June 2006 August 2009 Toledo Dan Herms, Ohio State University

7 BENEFITS OF URBAN TREES Social Strong attachment to trees Neighborhood identity Reduced crime Environmental Decrease carbon dioxide Moderates urban climate Reduce stormwater runof f Provide wildlife habitat Economic Increase proper ty values Reduce energy costs

8 TREE BENEFIT CALCULATOR

9 TREE BENEFIT CALCULATOR

10 STORMWATER BENEFITS

11 PROPERT Y VALUE BENEFIT

12 ENERGY BENEFIT

13 AIR QUALIT Y BENEFIT

14 CARBON DIOXIDE BENEFIT

15 WHY DOES IT MATTER TO THE CITY?

16 WOODLAND AVENUE IN WDM Neighborhood has a very strong attachment to these trees!

17 WHY DOES IT MATTER TO THE CITY? 1,079 publicly owned ash trees (as of 2/1/17) Thousands more located on private property and in wooded areas % PARK % FACILITY % STREET Street Facility Park

18 ASH STREET TREE MANAGEMENT PLAN CIT Y ACTIONS REMOVAL 48 TREATMENT 315 PRE-EMPTIVE REMOVAL 51 REMOVAL PRE-EMPTIVE REMOVAL TREATMENT

19 ASH STREET TREE MANAGEMENT PLAN CIT Y ACTIONS City Removal Arterial Streets Poor Condition High Hazard 48 Trees Communication Notice sent by certified and regular mail at least 14 days prior to removal

20 ASH STREET TREE MANAGEMENT PLAN CIT Y ACTIONS City Treatment Not on Arterial Streets Good/Fair Condition Low/Medium Hazard > 10 diameter 315 Street Trees (76%) Treated a total of 730 public ash trees (68%) Communication A notice will be placed on or next to the tree following treatment. No notice will be mailed

21 PRIVATE PROPERT Y TREES Steps for Private Property Owners Identify ash trees on your property Look for possible signs of EAB sprouts on trunk/branches, dead or dying tree canopy, excessive woodpecker activity, and/or presence of EAB larvae or adult insects villagelinksofglenellyngrounds.blogspot.com

22 examined EXAMPLE OF TREE IN POOR CONDITION 15 th St. WDM Confirmed to be EAB infested. Trees this large and at this stage of decline have likely been infested for 4 or more years.

23 PRIVATE PROPERT Y TREES If you suspect EAB, contact: ISU Extension Entomology DNR IDALS Parks Urban Forestry Information available on City EAB webpage

24 IMPACT ON PUBLIC SERVICES DEPTS. Communities may well have the resources to protect (treat) and/or pre-emptively remove public ash trees However by ignoring the inevitable (high numbers of dying ash trees), costs associated with wholescale removal of 100 s/1,000 s of dying ash trees will most certainly strain budgets CODE ENFORCEMENT ISSUES: As private property ash trees begin to die this city code clause will get referred to on a regular basis. The code enforcement officer shall provide written notice.requiring the treatment or removal within fourteen (14) calendar days of notification of any trees or shrubs located within private property which are dead, diseased or insect ridden so as to be deemed a nuisance and constitute a hazard to public and/or private trees or shrubs, or public safety.

25 PRIVATE PROPERT Y TREES EAB populations are increasing in the Metro, you are responsible for trees on your property Removal of a dead, diseased, or insect ridden tree on private property that is deemed a nuisance or a hazard is the responsibility of the property owner (WDM City Code E) Treatment options do exist and can be provided by local tree care companies Insurance coverage may be denied for property damage resulting from trees that were not properly maintained or were insect or disease ridden. Trees on private property that die from insects or disease are typically uninsured perils.

26 PRIVATE PROPERT Y TREES Links to a list of certified arborists, treatment options, and general information are available on the City s EAB webpage

27 TREE SELECTION & PLACEMENT Decide what purpose or function the tree will serve (shade, privacy, aesthetics, wildlife, etc.) Can the site provide the growth requirements for the chosen species (space constraints, hardiness, soil conditions, sunlight and wind exposure)? What level of maintenance (staking, watering, pruning, protection from insects and wildlife) are you willing to commit to? Diversify your choices when possible to reduce the risk of a single species catastrophe and to add a variety of visual elements Purchase high quality stock! Focus on a ROOT SYSTEM more than the caliper!!

28 SEEMED LIKE A GOOD IDEA AT THE TIME The fee to remove this massive Red Oak from the backyard of a DM residence was $10,000. That did not include the cost of repairs needed to patch the hole in the roof! -Backyard was inaccessible to equipment and the large bur oak in the front yard prevented the use of a crane -All material was lowered with pulleys and rope -All debris had to be CARRIED to the street -A tremendous volume of wood needed to be disposed of FYI: Contractor said he lost $$ on this job When selecting a tree for planting some thought must be given to it s end of life removal constraints.

29 ASH TREE REPLACEMENT OPTIONS Community/HOA Rule of Thumb: No more than 30% from a family eg. Fagaceae (beech & oak) No more than 20% from a genus eg. Quercus (oak) No more than 10% of any one species eg. rubra (red oak) Hardy & Reliable Options: Shade Trees Sugar Maple: Green Mountain, Legacy, Fall Fiesta Red Maple: Red Sunset, Somerset, Scarlet Jewel Hackberry: Chicagoland, Prairie Pride Oak: Northern Red, Swamp White, Bur, Chinkapin, White Honeylocust: Shademaster, Skyline, Northern Acclaim American Elm: Princeton, Jefferson, Prairie Expedition Fall Fiesta

30 MORE REPLACEMENT OPTIONS Hardy & Reliable Options: Low Growing trees Serviceberry (use tree form): Cumulus, Snow Cloud Flowering Crabapple: Har vest Gold, Royal Raindrops, Pink Spires, Louisa, Spring Snow, many others Japanese Tree Lilac: Ivory Silk, Summer Snow American Hornbeam (Blue Beech) American Hophornbeam (Ironwood) Hawthorn: Cockspur, Winter King, Washington Eastern Redbud (use tree form): Rising Sun Pagoda Dogwood Serviceberry Hardy and Reliable Options: Conifers Concolor (White) Fir, Spruce; Norway, Black Hills, White and Serbian, White Pine, Arbor vitae, Larch, Bald Cypress, Hemlock Bald Cypress

31 QUESTIONS? David Cappaert, Michigan State University IDALS, Entomology and Plant Science Bureau datcpservices.wisconsin.gov Debra Miller, USDA Forest Service, Northern Res. Station