I. SCOPE, APPLICABILITY AND PARAMETERS

Transcription

1 Approved VS Module VMD0001 Verson 1.0 REDD Methodologcal Module: Estmaton of carbon stocks n the above- and belowground bomass n lve tree and non-tree pools (P-AB) I. SOPE, APPLIABILITY AND PARAMETERS Scope Ths module allows for ex ante estmaton of carbon stocks n above- and belowground tree and non-tree woody bomass n the baselne case (for both pre- and post-deforestaton stocks) and project case and for ex post estmaton of change n carbon stocks n above- and belowground tree bomass n the project case. Uncertanty of estmates s treated n module X-UN. Identfcaton of baselne (post-deforestaton) land-uses and stocks s treated n modules BL-UP and BL-PL. Applcablty Ths module s applcable to all forest types and age classes. Incluson of the aboveground tree bomass pool as part of the project boundary s mandatory as per the framework module REDD- MF. Non-tree aboveground bomass must be ncluded as part of the project boundary f the followng applcablty crtera are met (per framework module REDD-MF): Stocks of non-tree aboveground bomass are greater n the baselne than n the project scenaro, and Non-tree aboveground bomass s determned to be sgnfcant (usng the T-SIG module). Belowground (tree and non-tree) bomass are not requred for ncluson n the project boundary because omsson s conservatve. Parameters Ths module produces the followng parameters:

2 VMD0001, Verson 1.0 Parameter SI Unt Descrpton AB_tree, t O 2 -e ha -1 arbon stock n aboveground tree bomass n stratum BB_tree, t O 2 -e ha -1 arbon stock n belowground tree bomass n stratum AB_non-tree, t O 2 -e ha -1 arbon stock n aboveground non-tree bomass n stratum BB_non-tree, t O 2 -e ha -1 arbon stock n belowground non-tree bomass n stratum II. PROEDURES Frequency of measurement for baselne above- and belowground bomass stocks s of ntal stocks employed n the baselne must take place wthn ±5 years of the project start date, for smplcty referred to here as stocks at t=0. Above- and belowground bomass stock estmates are vald n the baselne (.e. treated as constant) for 10 years, after whch they must be re-estmated from new feld measurements. For each stratum, where the re-measured estmate s wthn the 90% confdence nterval of the t=0 estmate, the t=0 stock estmate takes precedence and s re-employed, and where the remeasured estmate s outsde (.e. greater than or less than) the 90% confdence nterval of the t=0 estmate, the new stock estmate takes precedence and s used for the subsequent perod. Part 1: Aboveground tree bomass: Estmaton of carbon stocks n aboveground tree bomass ( AB_tree, ) The mean carbon stock n aboveground tree bomass per unt area s estmated based on feld measurements n sample fxed area plots or sample ponts usng prsms employng representatve random or systematc samplng. Two methods are avalable for samplng: Fxed Area Plots and Pont Samplng wth Prsms, both usng Allometrc Equatons method to estmate bomass from measured tree dmensons. Part 1, Opton 1. Fxed Area Plots wth Allometrc Equaton method Step 1: Determne the tree dmensons such as dameter (DBH, at typcally 1.3 m [4.3 ft] aboveground level or above buttress where they exst, and total heght H), of all the trees above some mnmum DBH n the sample plots. The exact tree dmensons and mnmum sze tree to be measured n sample plots wll be specfed by the allometrc equaton selected n Step 2. Any mnmum values employed n nventores are held constant for the duraton of the project. P-AB - 2

3 VMD0001, Verson 1.0 Step 2: Select or develop an approprate and valdated allometrc equaton for forest type/group of speces j (e.g. tropcal humd forest or tropcal dry forest) or for each speces or famly j (group of speces) found n the nventory (hereafter referred to as speces group). Any equaton selected may only be used f applcablty has been demonstrated and valdated per gudance n the parameters secton below. Step 3: Estmate carbon stock n aboveground bomass for each ndvdual tree of speces group j n the sample plot located n stratum usng the selected or developed allometrc equaton appled to the tree dmensons resultng from Step 1 and sum the carbon stocks n the sample plot: S N j, sp, AB_ tree, sp, f j X Y... * j l1, F (1) j AB_tree,sp, F j f j (X,Y..) j l arbon stock n aboveground bomass of trees n plot sp n stratum ; t arbon fracton of bomass for speces group j; t t -1 d.m. Aboveground bomass of trees based on allometrc equaton for speces group j based on measured tree varable(s); t. d.m. tree -1 1, 2, 3, M strata 1, 2, 3 S tree speces 1, 2, 3, N j,sp, sequence number of ndvdual trees of speces group j n sample plot sp n stratum Step 4: alculate the mean carbon stock n aboveground bomass for each stratum, converted to carbon doxde equvalents: AB_ tree, P AB_ tree, sp, A sp 1 sp, 44 * 12 AB_tree, Mean aboveground bomass carbon stock n stratum ; t O 2 -e ha -1 AB_tree,sp,,t A sp sp Aboveground bomass carbon stock of trees n sample plot sp of stratum, t Area of sample plot sp n stratum ; ha 1, 2, 3 P sample plots n stratum 1, 2, 3 M strata 44/12 Rato of molecular weght of O 2 to carbon, t O 2 -e t -1 (2) P-AB - 3

4 Part 1, Opton 2: Pont Samplng wth Allometrc Equaton method VMD0001, Verson 1.0 Step 1: Determne the tree dmensons such as dameter (DBH, at typcally 1.3 m [4.3 ft] aboveground level and total heght H), of all the trees above some mnmum DBH n the sample plots. The exact tree dmensons and mnmum sze tree to be measured at sample ponts wll be specfed by the allometrc equaton selected n Step 2. Any mnmum values employed n nventores are held constant for the duraton of the project. Step 2: Select or develop an approprate and valdated allometrc equaton for each speces group j found n the nventory. Any equaton selected may only be used f applcablty has been demonstrated and valdated per gudance n the parameters secton below. Step 3: Estmate carbon stock n aboveground bomass for each ndvdual tree l of speces group j at the sample pont located n stratum usng the selected or developed allometrc equaton appled to the tree dmensons resultng from Step 1, and sum the carbon stocks for the sample pont: AB_ tree, j, sp,, t AB_tree,j,sp, F j f j (X,Y ) DBH D:RAD l j S N j, sp, j1 l1 f j X, Y... * Fj (3.1415/10000)*(( DBH /100)* D : RAD) arbon stock n aboveground bomass of trees of speces group j at pont sp n stratum ; t arbon fracton of bomass for tree speces group j; t t -1 d.m. Allometrc equaton for speces j lnkng measured tree varable(s) to aboveground bomass of trees; t. d.m. tree -1 Dameter at breast heght of tree l of speces group j at pont sp n stratum at tme t, cm Rato of DBH to plot radus, specfc to prsm Basal Area Factor (BAF) employed n pont samplng 1, 2, 3, N j,sp, sequence number of ndvdual trees of speces j at pont sp n stratum 1, 2, 3, M strata 1, 2, 3 S tree speces 2 (3) Step 4: alculate the mean carbon stock n aboveground bomass for each stratum, converted to carbon doxde equvalents: P-AB - 4

5 VMD0001, Verson 1.0 AB_ tree, 1 * N P sp 1 AB_ tree, sp, * (4) AB_tree, Mean aboveground bomass carbon stock n stratum ; t O 2 -e ha -1 AB_tree_sp, N sp Mean aboveground bomass carbon stock of trees at pont sp, n stratum ; t Number of sample ponts n stratum ; dmensonless 1, 2, 3 P sample ponts n stratum 1, 2, 3 M strata 44/12 Rato of molecular weght of O 2 to carbon, t O 2 -e t -1 Part 2: Belowground tree bomass: Estmaton of carbon stocks n belowground tree bomass ( BB_tree, ) The mean carbon stock n belowground tree bomass per unt area s estmated based on feld measurements n sample fxed area plots or sample ponts usng prsms, employng representatve random or systematc samplng. The mean carbon stock n belowground tree bomass per unt area s estmated based on feld measurements of aboveground parameters n sample plots. Root to shoot ratos are coupled wth the Allometrc Equatons method Part 1 Optons 1 and 2, to calculate belowground from aboveground bomass. Part 2, Opton 1: Fxed area plots wth root to shoot rato Step 1: alculate the belowground tree bomass carbon stock for each plot: The above ground tree bomass carbon stocks n each plot can be estmated by allometrc equaton method descrbed n Part 1 Opton 1. BB_ tree, sp, R * AB_ tree, sp, (5) BB_tree,sp, AB_tree,sp, R Belowground tree bomass carbon stock of trees n plot sp, n stratum ; t Aboveground tree bomass carbon stock of trees n plot sp, n stratum ; t Root to shoot rato; t root d.m. t -1 shoot d.m. 1, 2, 3, M strata Step 2: alculate the mean belowground tree bomass carbon stock for each stratum, converted to carbon doxde equvalents: P-AB - 5

6 VMD0001, Verson 1.0 P, 44 _, BB tree sp BB tree * (6) A 12 sp 1 sp, BB_tree, Mean belowground tree bomass carbon stock n stratum ; t O 2 -e ha -1 BB_tree_sp, Asp sp Mean belowground tree bomass carbon stock of trees n plot sp, n stratum ; t Area of sample plot sp n stratum ; ha 1, 2, 3 P sample plots n stratum 1, 2, 3 M strata 44/12 Rato of molecular weght of O 2 to carbon, t O 2 -e t -1 Part 2, Opton 2. Pont Samplng wth root to shoot rato Step 1: alculate the belowground tree bomass carbon stock for each pont sampled: The above ground tree bomass carbon stocks n each pont sampled can be found usng the allometrc equaton method descrbed n Part 1 Opton 2 above. BB_ tree, sp, R * AB_ tree, sp, (7) BB_tree,sp, AB_tree,sp, R Belowground tree bomass carbon stock of trees n pont sp, n stratum ; t Aboveground tree bomass carbon stock of trees n pont sp, n stratum ; t Root to shoot rato; t root d.m. t -1 shoot d.m. 1, 2, 3, M strata Step 2: alculate the mean belowground tree bomass carbon stock for each stratum, converted to carbon doxde equvalents: P 1 44 BB_ tree, * BB_ tree _ sp, * (8) N 12 sp 1 BB_tree, Mean belowground tree bomass carbon stock n stratum ; t O 2 -e ha -1 BB_tree_sp, Mean belowground tree bomass carbon stock of trees at pont sp, n stratum ; t N sp Number of sample ponts n stratum ; dmensonless 1, 2, 3 P sample ponts n stratum P-AB - 6

7 VMD0001, Verson 1.0 1, 2, 3 M strata 44/12 Rato of molecular weght of O 2 to carbon, t O 2 -e t -1 Part 3: Aboveground non-tree bomass: Estmaton of carbon stocks n aboveground non-tree woody bomass ( AB_nontree, ) The mean carbon stocks n the non-tree aboveground bomass pool per unt area are estmated based on prevously publshed or default data 1 or feld measurements. Non-tree woody aboveground bomass pool ncludes trees smaller than the mnmum tree sze measured n the tree bomass pool, all shrubs, and all other non-herbaceous lve vegetaton 2. Non-tree vegetaton can be sampled usng destructve samplng frames and/or, where sutable, n samplng plots n combnaton wth an approprate allometrc equaton for shrubs. alculate the mean carbon stock n aboveground non-tree bomass for each stratum by addng the mean carbon stock n aboveground bomass calculated usng the samplng frame method to the mean carbon stock n aboveground bomass calculated usng the allometrc equaton method. AB_nontree, Mean aboveground non-tree bomass carbon stock n stratum ; t O 2 -e ha -1 (9) AB_nontree_sample, AB_nontree_allometrc, Mean aboveground non-tree bomass carbon stock n stratum from sample frame method; t O 2 -e ha -1 Mean aboveground non-tree bomass carbon stock n stratum from allometrc equaton method; t O 2 -e ha -1 1, 2, 3 M strata Part 3, Opton 1. Samplng Frame Method: In a stratum where non-tree vegetaton s spatally varable, large frames should be used (e.g. 1-2 m radus crcle). Where non-tree vegetaton s homogeneous, smaller frames can be used (e.g. 30 cm radus). 1 2 Where usng publshed or default data these data must be derved from peer-revewed lterature and must be approprate to the speces n the project area or to the geographc regon, elevaton and precptaton regme n the project area Pursuant to AR-WG 21 that the GHG emssons from removal of herbaceous vegetaton are nsgnfcant n A/R DM project actvtes and therefore these emssons can be neglected n A/R baselne and montorng methodologes P-AB - 7

8 VMD0001, Verson 1.0 Generally, the frame s placed at a randomly or systematcally selected GPS pont or tree plot. At each locaton, all vegetaton orgnatng from nsde the frame s cut at the base and weghed. One representatve subsample of the cut materal s weghed to obtan ts wet mass. The collected subsample s taken to a laboratory, oven dred and weghed to determne the dry mass. The wet to dry rato of the subsample s then used to estmate the dry mass of the orgnal sample. To estmate the mean carbon stock per unt area n the aboveground non-tree bomass for each stratum: AB_ nontree _ sample, AB_nontree_sample, AB_,nontree_sample,sp, SFP AB_ nontree _ sample, sf, 44 * F * (10) A 12 sfp 1 sfp, arbon stock n aboveground non-tree vegetaton n samplng plot n strata from sample method; t O 2 -e ha -1 arbon stock n aboveground non-tree vegetaton n sample plot sfp n stratum from samplng frame method; kg d.m. F j arbon fracton of domnant non-tree vegetaton j; t t d.m. -1 A sfp sfp Area of non-tree samplng plot s fp n stratum ; ha 1, 2, 3 SFP sample plots n stratum 1, 2, 3 M strata 44/12 Rato of molecular weght of O 2 to carbon, t O 2 -e t -1 Part 3, Opton 2. Allometrc Equaton Method: Ths method may be used for shrubs, bamboo, or other vegetaton types where ndvduals can be clearly delneated. Step 1: Select or develop an approprate allometrc equaton (f possble speces-specfc, or f not from a smlar speces). Step 2: Estmate carbon stock n aboveground bomass for each ndvdual l n the sample plot r located n stratum usng the selected or developed allometrc equaton: AB _ nontreeall ometrc,, r AB_nontree_allometrc,,r S N, r j1 l1 f j ( vegatatonparameters ) * F (11) arbon stock n aboveground bomass of non-tree sample plot r n stratum from allometrc equaton method; t j P-AB - 8

9 F j f j (vegetaton parameters ) r j l t arbon fracton of bomass for speces j; t t -1 d.m. VMD0001, Verson 1.0 Aboveground bomass from allometrc equaton for speces j lnkng parameters such as stem count, dameter of crown, heght, or others ; t. d.m. ndvdual -1 1, 2, 3, M strata 1, 2, 3, R non-tree allometrc method sample plots n stratum 1, 2, 3 S speces 1, 2, 3, N,r sequence number of ndvduals n sample plot r n stratum 0, 1, 2, 3 t* years elapsed snce start of the REDD project actvty Step 3: alculate the mean carbon stock n aboveground bomass for each stratum, converted to carbon doxde equvalents: AB_ nontree _ allometrc, AB_nontree_allometrc, AB_nontree_allometrcr,I,t Ar r R r1 AB_ nontree _ allometrc, r, Ar 44 * (12) 12 Mean aboveground bomass carbon stock n stratum from allometrc equaton method; t O 2 -e ha -1 Aboveground bomass carbon stock n non-tree vegetaton n sample plot r of stratum from non-tree allometrc sample plots, t Area of non-tree allometrc method sample plot n stratum ; ha 1, 2, 3 R non-tree allometrc method sample plots n stratum 1, 2, 3 M strata 44/12 Rato of molecular weght of O 2 to carbon, t O 2 -e t -1 Part 4: Belowground non-tree bomass: Estmaton of belowground carbon stocks n non-tree vegetaton ( BBnontree, ) The mean carbon stock n belowground bomass per unt area s estmated based on feld measurements of aboveground parameters n sample plots. Root to shoot ratos are coupled wth the aboveground bomass estmate to calculate belowground from aboveground bomass. Step 1: Select an approprate root to shoot rato for non-tree bomass. Step 2: Use the approprate root to shoot rato to estmate the belowground bomass from aboveground bomass carbon stock n non-tree vegetaton n sample plot sp of stratum, t : (13) P-AB - 9

10 VMD0001, Verson 1.0 AB_nontree,,sp Aboveground bomass carbon stock n non-tree vegetaton n sample plot sp of stratum, t BB_nontree,,sp,t Belowground bomass carbon stock n non-tree vegetaton n sample plot sp of stratum, t R I sp Root to shoot rato; t root d.m. t -1 shoot d.m. 1, 2, 3 M strata 1, 2, 3 P sample plots n stratum Step 3: alculate the mean carbon stock n belowground bomass for each stratum, converted to carbon doxde equvalents: P _,, 44 _, BB nontree sp BB nontree * (14) A 12 sp 1 sp, BB_nontree, Mean belowground bomass carbon stock n stratum ; t O 2 -e ha -1 BB_nontree,,sp A sp sp Belowground bomass carbon stock n non-tree vegetaton n sample plot sp of stratum ; t Area of sample plot sp n stratum ; ha 1, 2, 3 P sample plots n stratum 1, 2, 3 M strata 44/12 Rato of molecular weght of O 2 to carbon, t O 2 -e t -1 III. DATA AND PARAMETERS NOT MONITORED (DEFAULT OR POSSIBLY MEASURED ONE TIME) Data / parameter: F Data unt: t t d.m. -1 Used n equatons: 1,3,10,11 Descrpton: arbon fracton of dry matter n t t -1 d.m. Values from the lterature (e.g. IP 2006 INV GLs AFOLU hapter 4 Table 4.3) shall be used f avalable, otherwse default value of 0.47 t t -1 d.m. can be used P-AB - 10

11 VMD0001, Verson 1.0 procedures (f any): Where new speces are encountered n the course of montorng, new carbon fracton values must be sourced from the lterature or otherwse use the default value. Data / parameter: Data unt: Used n equatons: 3 Descrpton: procedures (f any): D:RAD Dmensonless Rato of DBH to plot radus, specfc to prsm Basal Area Factor (BAF) employed n pont samplng BAF (m 2 /ha) D:RAD None Data / parameter: f j (X,Y) Data unt: t d.m. tree -1 Used n equatons: 1,3 Descrpton: Allometrc equaton for speces j lnkng measured tree varable(s) to aboveground bomass of lvng trees, expressed as t d.m. tree -1 Equatons must have been derved usng a wde range of measured varables (e.g. DBH, Heght, etc.) based on datasets that comprse at least P-AB - 11

12 VMD0001, Verson 1.0 procedures (f any): 30 trees. Equatons must be based on statstcally sgnfcant regressons and must have an r 2 that s 0.8. The source of equaton(s) shall be chosen wth prorty from hgher to lower preference, as avalable, as follows: (a) Natonal speces-, genus-, famly-specfc; (b) Speces-, genus-, famly-specfc from neghborng countres wth smlar condtons (.e. broad contnental regons); (c) Natonal forest-type specfc; (d) Forest-type specfc from neghborng countres wth smlar condtons (.e. broad contnental regons); (e) Pan-tropcal forest type-specfc such as those provded Tables 4.A.1 to 4.A.3 of the GPG-LULUF (IP 2003) or n Pearson, T., Walker, S. and Brown, S Sourcebook for Land Use, Land-Use hange and Forestry Projects. Wnrock Internatonal and the World Bank Bocarbon Fund. 57pp. Avalable at: Boarbon_Fund_Sourcebook-compressed.pdf or n have, J.,. Andalo, S. Brown, M. A. arns, J. Q. hambers, D. Eamus, H. Folster, F. Fromard, N. Hguch, T. Kra, J.-P. Lescure, B. W. Nelson, H. Ogawa, H. Pug, B. Rera, T. Yamakura Tree allometry and mproved estmaton of carbon stocks and balance n tropcal forests. Oecologa 145: Speces-, genus- and famly-specfc allometrc equatons may not always be avalable, and may be dffcult to apply wth certanty n the typcally speces rch forests of the humd tropcs, hence t s acceptable practce to use equatons developed for regonal or pantropcal forest types, provded that ther accuracy has been valdated wth drect ste-specfc data (per gudance below). If a forest-type specfc equaton s used, t should not be used n combnaton wth speces-specfc equaton(s) (.e. t must be used for all tree speces 3 ). It s necessary to valdate the applcablty of equatons used. Source data from whch equaton was derved should be revewed and confrmed to 3 Note that forest type specfc and pantropcal equatons wll typcally not nclude palm speces or hollow-stem speces (e.g. ecropa) and so specfc equatons for these growth forms wll be needed P-AB - 12

13 VMD0001, Verson 1.0 be representatve of the forest type/speces and condtons n the project and coverng the range of potental ndependent varable values. Allometrc equatons can be valdated ether by: 1. Lmted s Select at least 30 trees (f valdatng forest type-specfc equaton, selecton should be representatve of the speces composton n the project area,.e. speces representaton n roughly n proporton to relatve basal area). Mnmum dameter of measured trees shall be 20cm and maxmum dameter shall reflect the largest trees present or potentally present n the future n the project area (and/or leakage belt) Measure DBH, and heght to a 10 cm dameter top or to the frst branch. alculate stem volume from measurements and multplyng by specesspecfc densty to gan bomass of bole. Apply a bomass expanson factor to estmate total aboveground bomass from stem bomass. For broadleaf tropcal trees ths factor shall be: o 1.38 for trees 20-40cm o 1.33 for trees 40-80cm o 1.25 for trees 80cm 4 Plot all the estmated bomass of all the measured trees along wth the curve of bomass aganst dameter as predcted by the allometrc equaton. If the estmated bomass of the measured trees are dstrbuted both above and below the curve (as predcted by the allometrc equaton) the equaton may be used. The equaton may also be used f the measured ndvduals have a bomass consstently hgher than predcted by the equaton. If plottng the bomass of the measured trees ndcates a systematc bas to overestmaton of bomass (>75% of the trees above the predcted curve) then destructve samplng must be undertaken, or another equaton selected. or 2. Destructve Samplng Select at least fve trees (f valdatng forest type-specfc equaton, selecton should be representatve of the speces composton n the project area,.e. speces representaton n roughly n proporton to relatve basal area) at the upper end of the range of ndependent 4 Bomass expanson factors conservatvely selected from destructvely sampled trees n Bolva and Belze, reference to IP GPG LULUF BEF values and expert opnon. P-AB - 13

14 varable values exstng n the project area VMD0001, Verson 1.0 Measure DBH and commercal heght and calculate volume usng the same procedures/equatons used to generate commercal volumes to whch BEFs wll be appled Fell and wegh the aboveground bomass to determne the total (wet) mass of the stem, branch, twg, leaves, etc. Extract and mmedately wegh subsamples from each of the wet stem and branch components, followed by oven dryng at 70 degrees to determne dry bomass; Determne the total dry weght of each tree from the wet weghts and the averaged ratos of wet and dry weghts of the stem and branch components. Plot the bomass of all the harvested trees along wth the curve of bomass aganst dameter as predcted by the allometrc equaton. If the bomass of the harvested trees are dstrbuted both above and below the curve (as predcted by the allometrc equaton) the equaton may be used. The equaton may also be used f the harvested ndvduals have a bomass consstently hgher than predcted by the equaton. If plottng the bomass of the harvested trees ndcates a systematc bas to overestmaton of bomass (>75% of the trees below the predcted curve) then addtonal destructve samplng must be undertaken, or another equaton selected. Detals of destructve samplng measurements are gven n: Brown, S Estmatng bomass and bomass change of tropcal forests: a prmer. FAO Forestry Paper 134, Rome, Italy. Avalable at If usng speces-specfc equatons, and new speces are encountered n the course of montorng, new allometrc equatons must be sourced from the lterature and valdated, f necessary, as per requrements and procedures above. Data / parameter: f j (vegetaton parameters ) Data unt: t. d.m. ndvdual -1 Used n equatons: 11 Descrpton: Allometrc equaton for non-tree speces l lnkng parameters such as stem count, dameter of crown, heght, or others to aboveground bomass of an ndvdual Whenever avalable, use allometrc equatons that are speces-specfc or group of speces-specfc, provded the equatons have been derved P-AB - 14

15 VMD0001, Verson 1.0 procedures (f any): usng a wde range of dameters and heghts, based on datasets that comprse at least 30 ndvduals. Project partcpants may create project locaton specfc equaton where approprate. It s necessary to verfy the applcablty of exstng equatons used. Allometrc equatons can be verfed ether by: 1. Revew of source data from whch equaton was derved and confrmaton that the source data s representatve of the speces and condtons n the project and covers the range of potental szes. Or 2. Destructve Samplng Selectng at least fve ndvduals coverng the range of szes exstng, and fellng and weghng the aboveground bomass to determne the total (wet) mass of the stem and branch components; Extractng and mmedately weghng subsamples from each of the wet stem and branch components, followed by oven dryng at 70 o to determne dry bomass; Determnng the total dry weght of each ndvdual from the wet weghts and the averaged ratos of wet and dry weghts of the stem and branch components. If the bomass of the harvested ndvdual s wthn ±10% of the mean values predcted by the selected allometrc equaton, and s not based, then mean values from the equaton may be used. Otherwse, the equaton must be re-parameterzed to conform to the valdaton data before usng, or another equaton selected. To create a new allometrc equaton: Follow gudance n: Pearson, T., Walker, S. and Brown, S Sourcebook for Land Use, Land-Use hange and Forestry Projects. Wnrock Internatonal and the World Bank Bocarbon Fund. 57pp. Avalable at: Boarbon_Fund_Sourcebook-compressed.pdf Data / parameter: Data unt: R t root d.m. t -1 shoot d.m. P-AB - 15

16 VMD0001, Verson 1.0 Used n equatons: 5,7,13 Descrpton: Root to shoot rato approprate to speces or forest type / bome; note that as defned here, root to shoot rato s appled as belowground bomass per unt area:aboveground bomass per unt area (not on a per stem bass) The source of data shall be chosen wth prorty from hgher to lower preference as follows: (a) Detaled data collected usng common practces for root samplng n the area; (b) Globally forest type-specfc or eco-regon-specfc (e.g. IP GPG- LULUF). Root to shoot ratos for tropcal and subtropcal forests modfed from Table 4.4. n IP GL AFOLU Doman Ecologcal Zone Aboveground bomass Root-toshoot rato Range procedures (f any): Tropcal Subtropcal Tropcal ranforest Tropcal dry forest Subtropcal humd forest Subtropcal dry forest Gudelnes for onservatve hoce of Default Values: <125 t.ha >125 t.ha <20 t.ha >20 t.ha <125 t.ha >125 t.ha <20 t.ha >20 t.ha If n the sources of data mentoned above, default data are avalable for condtons that are smlar to the project (smlar forest or vegetaton type; same clmate zone), then mean values of default data may be used and consdered conservatve. 2. Global values may be selected from Table 4.4 (modfed as gven above) of the AFOLU Gudelnes (IP 2006), by choosng a clmatc zone and forest type that most closely matches the project crcumstances. P-AB - 16

17 VMD0001, Verson 1.0 IV. DATA AND PARAMETERS MONITORED Data / parameter: Data unt: A sp ha Used n equatons: 2,6,14 Descrpton: procedures (f any): Montorng frequency: QA/Q procedures: Area of sample plots n ha Recordng and archvng of number and sze of sample plots Montorng must occur at least every ten years for baselne renewal. Where carbon stock enhancement s ncluded montorng shall occur at least every fve years Where carbon stock estmaton occurs only for determnaton of the baselne ths parameter shall be known ex-ante. Where part of project montorng, ex-ante the number and area of sample plots shall be estmated based on projected sample effort relatve to projectons of growth and emssons. Data / parameter: Data unt: N Used n equatons: 4,8 Descrpton: procedures (f any): Montorng frequency: QA/Q procedures: Dmensonless Number of sample ponts Recordng and archvng of number of sample ponts Montorng must occur at least every ten years for baselne renewal. Where carbon stock enhancement s ncluded montorng shall occur at least every fve years Where carbon stock estmaton occurs only for determnaton of the baselne ths parameter shall be known ex-ante. Where part of project montorng, ex-ante the number of sample plots shall be estmated based P-AB - 17

18 on projected sample effort relatve to projectons of growth and emssons. VMD0001, Verson 1.0 Data / parameter: Data unt: DBH cm Used n equatons: 1,3 Descrpton: procedures (f any): Montorng frequency: QA/Q procedures: Dameter at breast heght of a tree n cm Feld measurements n sample plots Typcally measured 1.3m aboveground. Measure all trees above some mnmum DBH n the sample plots. The mnmum DBH vares dependng on tree speces and clmate; for nstance, the mnmum DBH may be as small as 2.5 cm or as hgh as 20 cm, but for hmud tropcal forests 10 cm s commonly used. Mnmum DBH employed n nventores s held constant for the duraton of the project. Montorng must occur at least every ten years for baselne renewal. Where carbon stock enhancement s ncluded montorng shall occur at least every fve years Standard qualty control / qualty assurance (QA/Q) procedures for forest nventory ncludng feld data collecton and data management shall be appled. Use or adaptaton of QA/Qs already appled n natonal forest montorng, or avalable from publshed handbooks, or form the IP GPG LULUF 2003, s recommended. Where carbon stock estmaton occurs only for determnaton of the baselne ths parameter shall be known ex-ante. Where part of project montorng, ex-ante DBH shall be estmated based on projectons of growth. Data / parameter: A sf Data unt: m -2 Used n equatons: 10 Descrpton: procedures (f any): Montorng Area of one samplng frame Recordng and archvng sze of samplng frame plot Montorng must occur at least every ten years for baselne renewal. P-AB - 18

19 VMD0001, Verson 1.0 frequency: QA/Q procedures: Where carbon stock enhancement s ncluded montorng shall occur at least every fve years Shall be known ex-ante. Data / parameter: Data unt: Ar Used n equatons: 12 Descrpton: procedures (f any): Montorng frequency: QA/Q procedures: Hectares Total area of all non-tree allometrc method sample plots n stratum Recordng and archvng sze of non-tree allometrc method sample plot Montorng must occur at least every ten years for baselne renewal. Where carbon stock enhancement s ncluded montorng shall occur at least every fve years Where carbon stock estmaton occurs only for determnaton of the baselne ths parameter shall be known ex-ante. Where part of project montorng, ex-ante the number and area of sample plots shall be estmated based on projected sample effort relatve to projectons of growth and emssons. Data / parameter: Data unt: H m Used n equatons: 1,3 Descrpton: procedures (f any): Montorng frequency: Total heght of tree Feld measurements n sample plots Montorng must occur at least every ten years for baselne renewal. Where carbon stock enhancement s ncluded montorng shall occur at least every fve years P-AB - 19

20 VMD0001, Verson 1.0 QA/Q procedures: Where carbon stock estmaton occurs only for determnaton of the baselne ths parameter shall be known ex-ante. Where part of project montorng, ex-ante heght shall be estmated based on projectons of growth. P-AB - 20