RIS Swedish National Forest Inventory. RIS MI Swedish Forest Soil Inventory. Integrated Monitoring - IM

Transcription

1 RIS Swedish National Forest Inventory RIS MI Swedish Forest Soil Inventory Integrated Monitoring - IM

2 Ecosystem monitoring Forest Environment Integrated Monitoring IM & RIS MI

3 Swedish Soil Survey * Land use * Humus * Hydrology * Land type * Texture * Soils * Soil chemistry * Vegetation * Biodiversity * Soil change Department of Forest Soils, SLU

4 SK plots RIS MI plots IM 4 catchments

5 ICP Forest level II ICP IM sites

6 Soil inventories on NFI plots NFI started occasional inventories on temporal plots plots st inventory on permanent plots plots nd inventory on permanent plots plots rd - c plots

7 Swedish NFI tract, several sizes, but c. 800 m common

8 Swedish NFI content start 1923 Land use Growing stock and growth Forest age and structure Forest site conditions and vegetation Harvesting and other forestry measures Prerequisites for biodiversity

9 RIS MI content Hydrology Parent material Texture Organic soil layer Soil type Sampling for soil chemistry Vegetation Department of Forest Soils, SLU

10 Hydrology Dry Fresh Fresh-moist Moist Wet Subsurface water flows Missing Short periods Long periods

11 RIS MI Soil parent material - Texture Soil parent material Sorted Poorly sorted Till Bedrock Peat Texture Gravel Sand / Sandy Fine sand Silt / Silty Clay Gyttja

12 Organic soil layer Humus form Mor I and II Moder Mullike moder Mull Peaty mor Peat Soil Histosol Leptosol Gleysol Podzol Umbrisol Cambisol Arenosol Regosol

13 Soil and bedrock Samples Humus Upper regolith Sv. jordmån Humus layer Mineral soil 0-10 cm Mineral soil cm Lower regolith Sv. modermaterial Regolith Mineral soil cm Rock

14 Soil sampling Soil chemistry Horizons: O, E, B & C ph N C CEC Na, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Al, Ac

15 Vegetation Mineral soils Forest wetlands Lichens, Mosses Tall and low herbs 6 classes Tall and low sedges Blueberry, Vitis Idea Herbs, Gras, Shrub Rosemary Cranberry 16 classes 9 classes

16 Common regions for evaluation and results presentation I II III

17 Land cover

18 Humus form

19 Soil type

20 Soil parent material

21 Soil acidification during 20 år

22 Common regions for evaluation and results presentation I II III

23 Acidity class for Sweden Hela Sverige (%) Låg Måttlig Hög Mycket hög Tillståndsklasser för skogsmarkens surhetsgrad

24 North Sweden Norra Sverige (%) Låg Måttlig Hög Mycket hög Tillståndsklasser för skogsmarkens surhetsgrad

25 East and central Sweden Östra och mellersta Sverige (%) Låg Måttlig Hög Mycket hög Tillståndsklasser för skogsmarkens surhetsgrad

26 Southwest Sweden Södra Sverige (%) Låg Måttlig Hög Mycket hög Tillståndsklasser för skogsmarkens surhetsgrad

27 Change in regional ph

28 Change in ph in relation to tree species

29 Base saturation in regions

30 Exchangable Al in regions

31 Carbon sequstration

32 Photosynthesis kg/ha, y Respiration 9600 Stem wood 1200 Living Biomass 100 Accumulation in soil 100 Leaching 50 Balance:

33 TOC leaching från IM site Hietajärvi, ANN modelling (Holmberg et al., 2003) TOC (g/ha/ day) present small change large change Month

34 Carbon in the soil

35

36 Carbon concentration in the humus layer

37 Amount of Carbon in O-horizon, kg/m 2 Change during 10 years, Region Norrland Svealand Götaland * NFI regions: : kg/m 2 Counties: : kg/m 2

38 C/N ratio and carbon sequestration

39 CN ratio change in the O horizon

40 The sampling error How much mineral soil do we need in a sample to decrease C concentration with 3 %? 50 mm 1.5 mm Carbon amount will be 1.5 % lower O horizon Bulk density: 0.3 g cm -3 C concentration: 50 % Mineral soil 0.8 g cm %

41 Determination of bulk density

42 Carbon content in a Podzol profile

43 Leptosol, stones and boulders

44 Stoniness VIRO: Y= 100-3,33*X Tangenshyperbolicius % mm Ler Silt Sand Grus Sten

45 HI-f (forested) Spruce on peatland

46 Area [M Ha] SOC stock [Mton] Min RMSE Max RMSE Cambisol Podzol Histosol Total The upscaling results give a total SOC stock on Swedish forest soils of 2471 Mton. Around 45% of the SOC, 1154 Mton, is stored in Histosols which cover 20% of the forested area. Podzols cover 70% of the forested area and store another 45% of the SOC (1154 Mton). Histosols contain a large amount of SOC which make them hotspots in case of climate change. This kind of soils need to be closely monitored. The uncertainty analysis show that the total SOC stock lies between 2346 and 2599 Mton.

47 Carbon storage in the soil top 50 cm C versus moisture class C, ton/ha

48 Temperature sum Soil carbon 0-50 cm Productivity Soil carbon 0-50 cm C versus temp sum C versus specific yield C, ton/ha C, ton/ha

49 Carbon storage in three soil types, 0-50 cm Kol i jordmåner C, ton/ha Brunjord Podsol Torvjord

50 A map is created using the plots, of which having measured C content and of which having estimated SOC stock using the regression model (one model per soil type).

51 Swedish Forest Soil Inventory BioSoil Thank You for Your attention