national TEEB process in valuation in Gahai Wetland Reserve, China---current situation and

Transcription

1 Market valuation and non market national TEEB process in valuation in Gahai Wetland Reserve, China---current situation and South Gansu Prof. Dr. Xiushan Li Pespective Chinese Research Acadmy of Environmental Science

2 1. Introduction of Gahai Wetland Gahai reserve was costructed in1982,its main protection object are wetland,grassland of high plateau,birds and other animal and plants. total area is 247,431 hm 2 It is listed in international important wetland list.

3 Gahai wetland has different type: lake, river, and peatland. They provide ecosystem service of maintenance water, regulation of climate, maintenance of biodiversity, husbundary for Tibetans. Carbon sequestration, soil protection and so on.

4 Introduction of Gahai Wetland

5 Gahai lake

6 2. Use valuation 2.1 Direct use valuation 2.2 Indirect use valuation

7 3.1 尕海湿地直接使用价值评估 2.1 Direct use valuation Animal and plant V production valuation n V n i i 1 i 1 项目 item 出栏数量 amount 单价 price Value 价值 (10 8 ) t Y i P i 牦牛 Jack ( 元 / 头 ) 0.24 绵羊 sheep ( 元 / 头 ) 0.25 奶 milch ( 元 / 吨 ) 0.67 总计 total 1.16 Peatland: hm 2,grass production kg/hm 2,gross grass production389mio. kg, market price 1.20Yuan/kg,value467Mio.yuan/year; animal production116mio.yuan/year

8 Tourism Value:2010, tourist 220,600,of them foreihner 60,700,incom 67,85Mio. Yuan,Gahai is 1/3,22,62Mio. Yuan.

9 Research, Education, cultural Since 2007 eight doctoral student and 20 master students from Uni.More than 50 international and national experts, 50 students excursion,150 school students. Birds observer, photographer, from whole China, By Costanza(1997)method the cultural valuation is 310 Mio Yuan(881$/(hm 2 a) (1$=6.1Yuan)

10 2.2 Indirect use valuation Carbon sequestration Are 10,429hm 2 thickness: 1.94m,reserves 200Mio. m 3 Dry substance g/cm 3, organic carbon g/kg Reserves 1775*10 4 t, C release cost 20.4$(Sala O E) 100 year,22 MioYuan/year

11 Biodiversity maintenance and Habitat valuation 2009~2010,24000 birds a i = n i (p i -c i )/m Li jinchang(1999) yuan/birds, Valuation: 12Mio-24Mio Yuan habitat valuation: 304$/ (hm 2 a) Costanza (1997),total habitat valuation :107Mio yuan

12 Water maintenance and flood protection Gahai is resource area of Taohe river,area141,861 hm 2, water maintenance per year 560Mio. m 3,of them surface water 410Mio. M 3, ground water 150Mio m 3 Peatland thickness1.94 m,area: hm 2, it can storage 6 0 Mio.m 3 rain water,gahai lake water storage 5 0Mio.m Yuan/t(SFA,2008)3.422Billion Yuan and 672Mio.Yuan. 3.2 Hydrology power 5 power station, 600Mio. Kw, 40Mio. Yuan

13 Soil erossion control nutrition storage Niu Shuwen(2006) Yuan(hm 2 a)in maqu wetland,benefits transfer: Gahai 87 Mio Mio.Yuan Water purification 4177$/(hm 2 a) Costanza 1.47Billion

14 CO 2 sequestration and O 2 release Dry grass 1g,absorb 1.63g CO 2,release 1.19 g O 2 Grass biomass: 2170kg/(hm 2 a), Zhao Tongqian(2004), 179,4 00 Ton CO 2, sequestration, 131,7 00 ton O 2 re lease,c/co 2 =0.2729, the costs of C release 20.4 $ (Sala O E,1997), O 2 production 400Yuan/ton, 0.59Mio Yuan

15 3.Non-marcket value of GaHai wetland Research scope and Sample Size CVM Questionnaire Design Statistical analysis of CVM results

16 3.1 Research scope and Sample Size According to Scheaffer sampling formula, to set the sampling error is The preliminary design questionnaire, preliminary investigation 300 surveys in Gahai and its surrounding areas, 200 in other parts of the country 4 3 Comprehensive factors and modify the questionnaire to determine the sample size

17 3.2 CVM Questionnaire Design The first part is respondents' social and economic background; The second part is the respondents' understanding of Gahai wetland nature reserve, and protection of the need for ecological consciousness; The third part is the respondents' willingness to pay and payment amount.

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19 Table 3-1 The residents social and economic attributes : 社会经济属性 eco-social Atri. 分类 clacification 样本数 sample 比例 %proportion 性别 Gender 男 man 女 woman 年龄 Age < > 民族 Nationality 藏族 tibetans 汉族 han 收入 Income < > 职业 Occupation 行政 事业单位 Gov 农民 牧民 工人 Pesents, 个体工商 commercial 学生 stdudents 自由职业 ( 含退休 )free 教育程度 小学及以下 Education degree 中学 midlde school 大学 ( 大专 本科 )Uni 研究生及以上 graduat

20 Table 3-3: Different social economic factors of WTP 性别 Gender 男 是 Yes 否 No 支付率 pay ratio % 职业 Occupation 行政 事业单位 Gov % 农民 牧民 工人 % 女 % 年龄 Age < % % % > % 民族 Nationality 藏族 tibantans % 汉族 han % 收入 Income < % % % % % % > % 个体工商 % 学生 % 自由职业 ( 含退休 ) % 教育程度 小学及以下 % Education 中学 % degree 大学 % 研究生及以上 % 了解程度 很熟悉 % Know 一般熟悉 % 不太熟悉 % 保护必要性 很有必要 % necessity 一般必要 % 没必要 %

21 Table 3-2: The statistics of WTP (area, number of persons) 地区 place 愿意支付 WTP 拒绝支付 reject 调查人数 person 支付总额 Pay sum 平均支付 Average pay 支付率 Pay ratio 尕海乡 Gahai village % 郎木寺 langmusi % 碌曲 luqucounty % 迭部 Diebu county % 合作市 hezuo % 兰州市 lanzhou % 西安市 Xi an % 安徽省 Anhui % 其他省市 other %

22 Table 3-4:Correlations between WTP and socio-economic characteristics impact factor 卡方 2 自由度 df 显著水平 P 列联相关系 数 C Cramer V relation gender No related nationality related old No related occupation No related education No related income No related knowledge ** very related necessary ** Very related

23 Fig.3-1:The reason of payment

24 Fig. 3-2:Form of payment

25 Fig.3-3:The percentage of WTP and amount of different nationalities

26 Fig.3-4:The causes of 0 WTP

27 Using the median cumulative frequency as the average WTP estimates. The median value most closed to the cumulative frequency are the 49.77% and 51.60%,and the WTP value are 50 yuan and 60 yuan,get the average value of the two WTP value. Therefore, determine the cumulative frequency median value of total sample WTP is 55 yuan, to represent the per capita WTP value of Gahai wetland resources existing value.

28 Based on the total population of Gansu province, Huangnan and Guoluo Tibetan autonomous prefecture (in Qinghai), Aba Tibetan and Qiang autonomous prefecture(in Sichuan) Gahai wetland non-use value(2010) = per capita WTP value population size The total rate of pay =55 yuan per capita million people 75 % = billion

29 4. Total valuation total 7.903Billion 6.795Billion Yuan,direct use value 916 Mio.,13.48%; indirect value 5.879Billion, 86.52% use value Gahai value nonuse 1.108Billion, 14%

30 5. Comparing of different valuation

31 6. Costs benefits Research and construction engineering ,22.99 Mio Salary 20 staff Ifrastruture,propaga nda, edu Mio. Costs benefits analysis Costs:16.96Mio Yuan per year, Benefits:54times,total 466times

32 Thanks!