Kentucky's Timber Industry An Assessment of Timber Product Output and Use, 1997

Transcription

1 United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Southern Research Station Resource Bulletin SRS-40 Kentucky's Timber Industry An Assessment of Timber Product Output and Use, 1997 Daniel Stratton and Larry Lowe

2 The Authors: Daniel Stratton is a Biological Scientist with the Forest Inventory and Monitoring Research Work Unit, Southern Research Station, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Asheville, NC Larry Lowe is Chief of Forest Resource Utilization with the Kentucky Division of Forestry, Frankfort, KY July 1999 Southern Research Station P.O. Box 2680 Asheville, NC 28802

3 Foreword This report contains the findings of a 1997 canvass of all primary wood-using plants in Kentucky and presents changes in product output and residue use since It complements the Forest Inventory and Monitoring (FIM) periodic inventory of volume and removals from the State s timberland. The canvass was conducted to determine the amount and source of wood receipts and annual timber product drain by county in 1997 and to determine interstate and cross-regional movement of industrial roundwood. Only primary wood-using mills were canvassed. Primary mills are those that process roundwood in log or bolt form or as chipped roundwood. Examples of industrial roundwood products are saw logs, pulpwood, veneer logs, poles, and logs used for composite board products. Mills producing products from residues generated at primary and secondary processors were not canvassed. Trees chipped in the woods were included in the estimate of timber drain only if they were delivered to a primary domestic manufacturer. A sampled canvass of all wood processors in Kentucky was conducted in 1998 to obtain information for In addition, roundwood from out-of-state mills known to be using logs or bolts harvested from Kentucky timberland was incorporated into Kentucky production estimates. Each mill was canvassed by mail or through personal contact at plant locations. Telephone contacts followed mailed questionnaire responses when additional information or clarification of response was necessary. In the event of a nonresponse, data collected in previous surveys were updated by current data collected for mills of similar size, product type, and location. Surveys for all timber products other than pulpwood began in 1948, and are currently conducted every 2 years. Pulpwood production data were taken from an annual canvass of all southeastern pulpmills. Medium density fiberboard, insulating board, and hardboard plants were included in this survey. The Southern Research Station gratefully acknowledges the cooperation and assistance provided by the Kentucky Department of Forestry in collecting mill data. Appreciation is also extended to forest industry and mill managers for providing timber products information. The information in this report is based on responses from 33 percent of mills operating in 1997: 2 pulpmills, 3 of the 4 veneer mills, 1 composite panel mill, 4 of the 19 mills manufacturing other industrial products, and 117 of the 365 sawmills. These mills accounted for 90 percent of the 1997 mill receipts. i

4 Dear Customer: In addition to the timber product assessment reports generated for each of the 13 Southern States, the Timber Product Output (TPO) Database Retrieval System is available through the Starkville, MS, web site. That address is: The database is well documented and very user friendly. This retrieval system allows you, the user, to select the TPO variables of interest and generate a standard set of timber removals and mill residue tables for the specified resource area or areas. The system has been logically divided into four sections to assist you in developing a database retrieval. In section one you will be asked to define the resource area, section two customizes the removals data for the area, section three customizes the mill residue data, and in section four you will generate the tables for the resource area you have defined. In each section you will be asked to supply specific inputs that will serve to customize your database retrieval. There are four options available for defining the geographic area of interest. Each option provides an increasing level of detail. The area can be defined by region, subregion, State, or county level. Select the option that best suits the level of detail required to meet your needs. If you select county as your option, be aware that some counties may have been combined due to data sensitivity. If additional explanation or clarification is needed, feel free to contact: Tony Johnson Carolyn Steppleton Southern Research Station Southern Research Station USDA Forest Service USDA Forest Service P.O. Box 2680 P.O. Box 2680 Asheville, NC Asheville, NC (828) (828) ii

5 Contents Page Output of Industrial Timber Products... 1 Plant Byproducts... 4 Regional Trends... 5 Total Roundwood Output... 7 References... 8 Definitions... 9 Conversion Factors Index of Tables...11 Tables 1-31 a a All tables in this report are available in Microsoft Excel workbook files. Upon request, these files will be supplied on 3½-inch diskettes. The use of trade or firm names in this publication is for reader information and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture of any product or service. iii

6 RETAINED Roundwood volume harvested from and processed by mills within the same State EXPORTS Roundwood volume transported to other U.S. States IMPORTS Roundwood volume received from other U.S. States PRODUCTION Roundwood volume harvested and used within State (Retained), plus all roundwood exported to other U.S. States RECEIPTS Roundwood volume harvested within State (Retained), plus all roundwood imported from other U.S. States Production = Retained + Exports Receipts = Retained + Imports Figure 1 Movement of roundwood exports and imports within the United States. iv

7 Kentucky's Timber Industry An Assessment of Timber Product Output and Use, 1997 Daniel Stratton and Larry Lowe Output of Industrial Timber Products Note: Certain terms used in this report, e.g., retained, export, import, production, and receipts have specialized meanings unique to Forest Inventory and Monitoring Units across the country that deal with timber products output (fig. 1). Between 1995 and 1997, the combined industrial timber products output (TPO) from roundwood and plant byproducts declined by 1 percent from 296 to 293 million cubic feet. Timber products output from roundwood was up 8 million cubic feet, or 5 percent, to 195 million cubic feet, while output of plant byproducts decreased 12 million cubic feet to 98 million cubic feet. Output of hardwood roundwood products increased 5 percent to 184 million cubic feet, while output of softwood roundwood products declined 7 percent to 10 million cubic feet (fig. 2). Saw logs and pulpwood were the principal roundwood products in Combined output of these products totaled 178 million cubic feet and accounted for 91 percent of Kentucky s total roundwood output (fig. 3). Total receipts at Kentucky mills, which included roundwood harvested and retained in the State, as well as roundwood imported from other States, increased 2 percent to 216 million cubic feet. At the same time, the number of primary roundwood-using plants in Kentucky declined from 401 in 1995 to 391 in Softwood Hardwood Million cubic feet Year Figure 2 Roundwood production for all products by species group and year (see page 8 for references for individual years). 1

8 Veneer logs 3% Pulpwood 9% Other industrial 6% feet. Softwood saw-log receipts decreased by 3 percent to 4 million cubic feet, while those of hardwoods decreased 4 percent to 159 million cubic feet. Of the operating mills, 45 percent had receipts less than 1 million board feet, 38 percent had receipts between 1 and 4.99 million board feet, while 17 percent had receipts 5 million board feet or greater. These 66 mills accounted for 62 percent of total saw-log receipts. Saw logs 82% Kentucky retained 94 percent of its saw-log production for domestic manufacture; saw-log imports exceeded exports by 4 million cubic feet in Pulpwood Figure 3 Roundwood production by type of product, Saw Logs Total 186 million cubic feet Saw logs accounted for 82 percent of the State s total roundwood products. Output of hardwood saw logs remained unchanged at 155 million cubic feet (947 million board feet), while that of softwood saw logs declined 6 percent to 6 million cubic feet (31 million board feet) (fig. 4). Kentucky currently has 391 sawmills, a net loss of 10 mills since Total saw-log receipts decreased 7 million cubic feet to 165 million cubic Total pulpwood production, including chipped roundwood, was down 4 million cubic feet to 17 million cubic feet and accounted for 9 percent of the State s total roundwood TPO. Hardwood output was down 15 percent to 15 million cubic feet (191 thousand cords); softwood output dropped 29 percent to 2 million cubic feet (32 thousand cords) (fig. 5). Two pulpmill facilities were operating and receiving roundwood in Kentucky in 1997, the same as in Total pulpwood receipts for these mills increased 2 million cubic feet to 37 million cubic feet, accounting for 17 percent of total receipts for all mills Softwood Hardwood Million cubic feet Year Figure 4 Roundwood saw-log production by species group and year (see page 8 for references for individual years). 2

9 20 16 Softwood Hardwood Million cubic feet Year Figure 5 Roundwood pulpwood production by species group and year (see page 8 for references for individual years). Seventy-nine percent of roundwood cut for pulpwood was retained for processing at Kentucky pulpmills. Roundwood pulpwood accounted for 21 percent of total known exports and 61 percent of total imports. Roundwood pulpwood imports amounted to 23 million cubic feet, 20 million cubic feet more than was exported. Veneer Logs Output of veneer logs was up fourfold in 1997 and totaled 5 million cubic feet (31 million board feet), 98 percent of which was hardwood (fig. 6). Veneerlog production accounted for 3 percent of the State s total roundwood TPO volume. 6 5 Softwood Hardwood Million cubic feet Year Figure 6 Roundwood veneer-log production by species group and year (see page 8 for references for individual years). 3

10 Four veneer mills operated in Kentucky in Total receipts of veneer logs increased 112 percent from 1.5 million cubic feet to 3 million cubic feet. Kentucky retained 38 percent of its veneer-log production for processing at domestic veneer mills. Imports amounted to 1 million cubic feet, and exports totaled 3 million cubic feet, making the State a net exporter of roundwood veneer logs. Other Industrial Products Roundwood harvested for other industrial uses, such as composite panels, poles, posts, mulch, firewood, and all other industrial products, totaled 12 million cubic feet (fig. 7) and accounted for 6 percent of the State s total timber products output. Hardwood made up 81 percent of the other industrial product volume. Plant Byproducts In 1997, processing of primary products in Kentucky mills generated more than 103 million cubic feet of wood and bark residues. Coarse residues from all primary products amounted to 45 million cubic feet, and bark volume totaled more than 24 million cubic feet. Sawdust and shavings made up 34 percent of total residues, or 35 million cubic feet (fig. 8). Sawdust 33% Shavings 1% Bark 23% Between 1995 and 1997, the number of plants producing other industrial products remained unchanged at 19. Combined receipts of other industrial products from softwood and hardwood totaled 11 million cubic feet. Kentucky was a net exporter of roundwood used for other industrial products; of the 881 thousand cubic feet imported, 70 percent was softwood. Total 103 million cubic feet Coarse 43% Figure 8 Primary mill residue by residue type, Softwood Hardwood Million cubic feet Year Figure 7 Roundwood production for other industrial by species group and year (see page 8 for references for individual years). 4

11 More than 95 percent of the wood and bark residues were used for product manufacture, with 35 percent of the residues used for fiber products (fig. 9). Thirty-four million cubic feet, or 77 percent, of the coarse residues were used to manufacture fiber products. Most of the bark was used for other miscellaneous products or industrial fuel, and 46 percent of the sawdust and shavings was used for fuel. Miscellaneous 34% Not used 5% Industrial fuel 25% Total 103 million cubic feet Figure 9 Disposal of residue by product, Sawmills generated 95 million cubic feet of mill residues, accounting for 92 percent of the total residues produced (fig. 10). Veneer logs 1% Pulpwood 4% Other industrial 3% Particleboard 1% Fiber products 35% Regional Trends Output of industrial roundwood products increased across all regions of Kentucky except the Western Coalfield and Northern regions, which had 12- and 2-percent declines, respectively. The largest output change occurred in the Eastern region (a 36-percent increase) and the Bluegrass region (a 20-percent increase). Eastern Region Roundwood output from the Eastern region totaled 19 million cubic feet. Saw logs accounted for 68 percent of the region s TPO and 8 percent of the State s roundwood saw-log output. Pulpwood and other industrial products accounted for the remainder of the volume for the region. In the Eastern region, 19 primary wood-using plants were operating during 1997: 18 sawmills and 1 other miscellaneous mill (fig. 11). These mills processed 10 percent of the State s total roundwood output. Northern Cumberland Region More than 23 million cubic feet of roundwood were produced in the Northern Cumberland region. Saw-log production of 19 million cubic feet accounted for 84 percent of the region s total roundwood output. Production of pulpwood at 3 million cubic feet accounted for 12 percent of the region s total roundwood output. The 55 mills operating in the Northern Cumberland region in 1997 included: 49 sawmills and 6 other miscellaneous mills. These mills accounted for 12 percent of the State s total roundwood output. Southern Cumberland Region Saw logs 92% Total 103 million cubic feet Figure 10 Primary mill residue produced by mill type, Roundwood output from the Southern Cumberland region totaled 36 million cubic feet, or 18 percent of the State s total roundwood TPO. Saw-log production of 27 million cubic feet accounted for 75 percent of the region s total TPO; other industrial products accounted for 13 percent. Pulpwood production of 2.4 million cubic feet accounted for another 7 percent of the region s total roundwood output. 5

12 Sawmills Veneer or plywood mills Pulpmills Composite panel mills Other miscellaneous mills Pennyroyal Bluegrass Northern Cumberland Western Eastern Western Coalfield Southern Cumberland Figure 11 Primary wood-using mills by region, The 48 primary wood-using plants operating in the Southern Cumberland region included: 39 sawmills, 2 plywood or veneer mills, and 7 other miscellaneous mills. Bluegrass Region Roundwood output from the Bluegrass region totaled 12 million cubic feet. Roundwood production from this region accounted for 6 percent of the State s total roundwood TPO. Saw-log production of 10 million cubic feet accounted for 87 percent of the region s total roundwood output. Production of veneer and other industrial products accounted for the remainder of the region s total roundwood output. In the Bluegrass region, 42 primary wood-using plants were operating during 1997: 39 sawmills, 2 veneer mills, and 1 other miscellaneous mill. Pennyroyal Region Saw-log production of 49 million cubic feet accounted for 95 percent of the region s total roundwood output and 31 percent of the State s roundwood saw-log output. Pulpwood production of 1.2 million cubic feet accounted for 2 percent of the region s total TPO. In the Pennyroyal region, 135 primary wood-using plants were operating during 1997: 130 sawmills, 1 pulpmill, and 4 other miscellaneous mills. Western Coalfield Region Roundwood output from the Western Coalfield region totaled 40 million cubic feet. Saw-log production of 34 million cubic feet accounted for 86 percent of the region s total roundwood output, and 21 percent of the State s total saw-log output. At 5 million cubic feet, production of pulpwood accounted for 13 percent of the region s total roundwood output. Roundwood output from the Pennyroyal region totaled 52 million cubic feet and accounted for 27 percent of the State s total roundwood output. 6

13 In the Western Coalfield region, 68 primary woodusing plants were operating during 1997: 67 sawmills and 1 other miscellaneous mill. These mills processed 20 percent of the State s total roundwood output. Western Region Roundwood output from the Western region totaled 14 million cubic feet and accounted for 7 percent of the State s total roundwood output. Saw-log production of 9 million cubic feet accounted for 64 percent of the region s total roundwood output. At 5 million cubic feet, pulpwood production accounted for the remainder of the region s total TPO. In the Western region, 24 primary wood-using plants were operating during 1997: 23 sawmills and 1 pulpmill. Total Roundwood Output Poletimber 2% Other 29% Total 221 million cubic feet Figure 12 Roundwood output by source, Sawtimber 69% Using the most recent inventory data for Kentucky, product output by source, ownership, and detailed species group was estimated. Source In addition to the 195 million cubic feet of roundwood output for industrial roundwood, an estimated 26 million cubic feet were harvested for domestic fuelwood bringing Kentucky s total roundwood output to 221 million cubic feet. National forest 5% Other public 5% Forest industry 1% More than 71 percent of total roundwood output was considered growing-stock volume (sawtimber and poletimber) from timberland sources; other sources contributed an estimated 64 million cubic feet, or 29 percent of total roundwood output (fig. 12). Ownership An estimated 198 million cubic feet, or 89 percent, of the total roundwood output in 1997 came from nonindustrial private forest lands. Public lands contributed 22 million cubic feet, or 10 percent of the output. Forest industry lands made up the remaining 1 percent, or 2 million cubic feet (fig. 13). Total 221 million cubic feet Figure 13 Roundwood output by ownership, Nonindustrial private forest 89% 7

14 Species The red and white oak groups combined accounted for 102 million cubic feet, or 49 percent of total hardwood output (fig. 14). Yellow-poplar and hickory accounted for 13 and 11 percent, respectively, of total hardwood output. Other yellow pines provided more volume than any other softwood species group, accounting for 75 percent of the total softwood output (fig. 15). The loblolly and shortleaf pine types accounted for 18 percent of the softwood output. References Alerich, Carol L Forest statistics for Kentucky 1975 and Resour. Bull. NE-117. Radnor, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. 295 p. [1986]. Bones, James T.; Lohr, Chauncey J Primary wood-product industries of Kentucky Resour. Bull. NE-24. Upper Darby, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. 38 p. [1969]. Bones, James T.; Lohr, Chauncey J The timber industries of Kentucky. Resour. Bull. NE-50. Upper Darby, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. 26 p. [1974]. Beech 4% Other hardwoods 15% Maple 6% Hickory 11% Sweetgum 2% Yellowpoplar 13% Ganser, David A The timber resources of Kentucky. Resour. Bull. NE-9. Upper Darby, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. 97 p. [1963]. Hutchinson, O. Keith; Winter, Robert K Kentucky s forest resources and industries. Forest Resour. Rep. 7. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Central States Forest Experiment Station. 56 p. [1948]. Johnson, Tony G.; Jenkins, Anne; Lowe, Larry Kentucky s timber industry an assessment of timber product output and use, Resour. Bull. SRS-20. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station. 33 p. [1995]. Oaks 49% Total 210 million cubic feet Figure 14 Roundwood output by hardwood species group, Hemlock <1% Cedar 6% Loblollyshortleaf pine 18% Other yellow pines 75% White pine 1% Total 11 million cubic feet Figure 15 Roundwood output by softwood species group,

15 Definitions Board feet. Unit of measure applied to roundwood. It relates to lumber that is 1-foot long, 1-foot wide, and 1-inch thick (or its equivalent). Composite panels. Consists of structural panels (oriented strand board or waferboard) or particleboard (industrial underlayment, thin panelboard). Consumption. The quantity of a commodity, such as pulpwood, utilized. Drain. The volume of roundwood removed from any geographic area where timber is grown. Exports. The volume of roundwood utilized by mills outside the State where timber was cut. Imports. The volume of roundwood delivered to a mill or group of mills in a specific State but harvested outside that State. Industrial fuelwood. A roundwood product, with or without bark, used to generate energy at a manufacturing facility such as a wood-using mill. Industrial roundwood products. Any primary use of the main stem of a tree, such as saw logs, poles, pilings, veneer logs, pulpwood, posts, or cooperage logs. Log. A primary forest product harvested in long, primarily 8-foot, lengths. Plant residues. Wood material generated in the production of timber products at primary manufacturing plants. Coarse residues. Suitable for chipping such as slabs, edgings, trim, veneer cores, and ends. Fine residues. Not suitable for chipping such as sawdust, shavings, and veneer clippings. Primary wood-using plants. Industries that receive roundwood or chips from roundwood for the manufacture of products such as veneer, pulp, and lumber. Production. The total volume of roundwood harvested from land within the specified State, regardless of where consumed. Production is the sum of timber harvested and used within the State, plus all roundwood exported to other U.S. States. Pulpwood. A roundwood product that will be reduced to individual wood fibers by chemical or mechanical means. The fibers are used to make a broad generic group of pulp products that includes paper products as well as chipboard, fiberboard, insulating board, and paperboard. Receipts. The quantity or volume of industrial roundwood received at a mill or by a group of mills in a State, regardless of the geographic source. Volume of roundwood receipts is equal to the volume of roundwood retained in a State plus roundwood imported from other States in the United States. Retained. Roundwood volume harvested from and processed by mills within the same State. Roundwood. Logs, bolts, or other round sections cut from trees for industrial manufacture or consumer use. Roundwood chipped. Any timber cut primarily for industrial manufacture, delivered to nonpulpmills, chipped, and then sold to pulpmills for use as fiber. Includes tops, jump sections, and whole trees. Roundwood product drain. That portion of total drain used for a product. Saw log. A log meeting minimum standards of diameter, length, and defect, including logs at least 8 feet long, sound and straight, and with minimum diameter inside bark of 6 inches for softwoods and 8 inches for hardwoods. Standard cord. A unit measure applied to roundwood, usually bolts or split wood. It relates to a stack of wood 4 feet high, 4 feet wide, and 8 feet long encompassing 128 cubic feet of wood, bark, and air space. In the South, this usually translates to approximately 75.0 cubic feet of solid wood for pulpwood, because pulpwood is more uniform. Timber products output. Roundwood production in an area s forests (equals roundwood product drain). Timber removals. The merchantable volume of trees removed from the timberland inventory by harvesting, cultural operations such as stand improvement, land clearing, or changes in land use. Veneer log. A log to be used in the production of plywood, finished panels, or veneer sheets, both rotary cut and sliced. 9

16 Conversion Factors a Saw logs Softwood Hardwood Veneer logs Softwood Hardwood cubic foot = 1 board foot 5.47 board feet = 1 cubic foot cubic foot = 1 board foot 6.10 board feet = 1 cubic foot cubic foot = 1 board foot 6.20 board feet = 1 cubic foot cubic foot = 1 board foot 6.25 board feet = 1 cubic foot Pulpwood b Softwood Hardwood 73.3 cubic feet per cord 76.1 cubic feet per cord a Conversion factors vary with stem size (d.b.h.) and species. The factors shown are for trees of average diameters removed in Kentucky during the most recent survey period. b Cubic feet of solid wood per cord. 10

17 Index of Tables 1. Output of industrial products by product and species group, Kentucky, 1995 and Roundwood receipts by product and species group, Kentucky, 1995 and Number of primary wood-using plants by industry, Kentucky, Roundwood receipts by sawmill size, Kentucky, 1995 and Roundwood receipts by species and type of mill, Kentucky, Industrial roundwood movement by year and species group, Kentucky, 1995 and Industrial roundwood movement by product and species group, Kentucky, Saw-log volume by destination, source, and species group, Kentucky, Veneer volume by destination, source, and species group, Kentucky, Pulpwood volume by destination, source, and species group, Kentucky, Other industrial volume by destination, source, and species group, Kentucky, Primary mill residue volume by roundwood type, species group, and residue type, Kentucky, Disposal of residue at primary wood-using plants by product, species group, and type of residue, Kentucky, 1995 and Roundwood timber products output by product and species group, Eastern Region of Kentucky, 1995 and Roundwood timber products output by county, product, and species group, Eastern Region of Kentucky, Roundwood timber products output by product and species group, Northern Cumberland Region of Kentucky, 1995 and Roundwood timber products output by county, product, and species group, Northern Cumberland Region of Kentucky, Roundwood timber products output by product and species group, Southern Cumberland Region of Kentucky, 1995 and Roundwood timber products output by county, product, and species group, Southern Cumberland Region of Kentucky, Roundwood timber products output by product and species group, Bluegrass Region of Kentucky, 1995 and Roundwood timber products output by county, product, and species group, Bluegrass Region of Kentucky, Roundwood timber products output by product and species group, Pennroyal Region of Kentucky, 1995 and Roundwood timber products output by county, product, and species group, Pennroyal Region of Kentucky, Roundwood timber products output by product and species group, Western Coalfield Region of Kentucky, 1995 and Roundwood timber products output by county, product, and species group, Western Coalfield Region of Kentucky, Roundwood timber products output by product and species group, Western Region of Kentucky, 1995 and Roundwood timber products output by county, product, and species group, Western Region of Kentucky, Total roundwood output by product, species group, and source of material, Kentucky, Total roundwood output by species group, survey unit, and ownership, Kentucky, Total roundwood output by species group, detailed species group, and product, Kentucky, Total roundwood output by species group, detailed species group, and ownership, Kentucky,

18 12

19 Table 1 Output of industrial products by product and species group, Kentucky, 1995 and 1997 Product and Year Percent species group Change change Saw logs Softwood 6,015 5, Hardwood 155, , Total 161, , Veneer logs Softwood Hardwood 1,009 4,954 3, Total 1,009 5,080 4, Pulpwood a Softwood 3,336 2, Hardwood 17,034 14,502-2, Total 20,370 16,861-3, Other industrial Softwood 1,805 2, Hardwood 1,762 9,436 7, Total 3,567 11,699 8, All industrial Softwood 11,156 10, Hardwood 175, ,189 9, Total 186, ,605 8, Byproduct output Softwood 4,124 3, Hardwood 105,624 94,400-11, Total 109,748 98,237-11, Total output Softwood 15,280 14,253-1, Hardwood 280, ,589-2, Total 295, ,842-3, a Includes roundwood that was delivered to nonpulpmills and then chipped and sold to pulpmills (589,000 cubic feet in 1997). 13

20 Table 2 Roundwood receipts by product and species group, Kentucky, 1995 and 1997 Product and Year Percent species group Change change Saw logs Softwood 6,667 6, Hardwood 165, ,567-7, Total 172, ,022-7, Veneer logs Softwood Hardwood 1,456 3,047 1, Total 1,456 3,085 1, Pulpwood a Softwood 5,335 4,139-1, Hardwood 28,832 32,524 3, Total 34,167 36,663 2, Other industrial Softwood 2,090 1, Hardwood 1,812 9,448 7, Total 3,902 11,255 7, Total output Softwood 14,092 12,439-1, Hardwood 197, ,586 5, Total 211, ,025 4, a Includes roundwood that was delivered to nonpulpmills and then chipped and sold to pulpmills (712,000 cubic feet in 1997). 14

21 Table 3 Number of primary wood-using plants by industry, Kentucky, Year Industry Sawmills 2, Veneer or plywood mills Pulpmills Composite panel mills Other mills All plants 2, Table 4 Roundwood receipts by sawmill size, Kentucky, 1995 and 1997 Sawmill Number Thousand Percent Number Thousand size class a of mills board feet of volume of mills board feet Million board feet < , , , , , , > , , Total 376 1,046, ,001, a Based on volume received as opposed to actual capacity Percent of volume 15

22 Table 5 Roundwood receipts by species and type of mill, Kentucky, 1997 Type of mill All Veneer mills Species mills Sawmills Plywood Other veneer Pulpmills a Other mills Softwood Yellow pine 4,482 3, NA 1,220 White pine NA 0 Cedar 2,575 1, NA 587 Cypress NA 0 Other softwood NA 0 Unclassified 4, ,139 0 Total softwoods 12,439 6, ,139 1,807 Hardwood Blackgum and tupelo NA 0 Soft maple 2,964 2, NA 924 Sweetgum NA 0 Yellow-poplar 40,233 30, ,215 NA 8,182 Other soft hardwood 4,716 4, NA 184 Hickory 5,725 5, NA 0 Red oak 49,909 49, NA 0 White oak 36,638 35, NA 0 Other hard hardwood 29,165 28, NA 158 Unclassified 32, ,524 0 Total hardwoods 203, , ,028 32,524 9,448 All species 216, , ,066 36,663 11,255 NA = not applicable. a Only collected by softwood and hardwood and includes roundwood chipped. Table 6 Industrial roundwood movement by year and species group, Kentucky, 1995 and 1997 Exported to Imported from Year Production other States Retained other States Receipts Softwood ,156 1,966 9,190 4,902 14, ,416 1,751 8,665 3,774 12,439 Hardwood ,030 9, ,597 32, , ,189 15, ,948 34, ,586 All species ,186 11, ,787 37, , ,605 16, ,613 38, ,025 16

23 Table 7 Industrial roundwood movement by product and species group, Kentucky, 1997 Product and Exported to Imported from species group Production other States Retained other States Receipts Saw logs Softwood 5, ,452 1,003 6,455 Hardwood 155,297 9, ,136 12, ,567 Total 160,965 9, ,588 13, ,022 Veneer logs Softwood Hardwood 4,954 3,046 1,908 1,139 3,047 Total 5,080 3,134 1,946 1,139 3,085 Pulpwood a Softwood 2, ,525 2,614 4,139 Hardwood 14,502 2,766 11,736 20,788 32,524 Total 16,861 3,600 13,261 23,402 36,663 Other industrial Softwood 2, , ,807 Hardwood 9, , ,448 Total 11, , ,255 All products Softwood 10,416 1,751 8,665 3,774 12,439 Hardwood 184,189 15, ,948 34, ,586 Total 194,605 16, ,613 38, ,025 a Includes roundwood chipped. 17

24 Table 8 Saw-log volume by destination, source, and species group, Kentucky, 1997 Species group Destination All and source species Softwood Hardwood Kentucky (retained) 151,588 5, ,136 Exports to: Indiania 2, ,743 Missouri Ohio 1, ,261 South Carolina Tennessee 3, ,934 West Virginia 1, ,603 Total 9, ,161 Imports from: Illinois 1, ,378 Indiana New Jersey Ohio Tennessee 10, ,879 Virginia West Virginia Total 13,434 1,003 12,431 18

25 Table 9 Veneer volume by destination, source, and species group, Kentucky, 1997 Species group Destination All and source species Softwood Hardwood Kentucky (retained) 1, ,908 Exports to: Georgia Indiana Michigan Missouri North Carolina 1, ,024 Ohio Wisconsin Total 3, ,046 Imports from: Indiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota New Hampshire North Carolina Ohio Pennsylvania Tennessee Virginia West Virginia Total 1, ,139 19

26 Table 10 Pulpwood volume by destination, source, and species group, Kentucky, 1997 a Species group Destination All and source species Softwood Hardwood Kentucky (retained) 13,261 1,525 11,736 Exports to: Alabama Georgia Misssissippi North Carolina Ohio 2, ,460 South Carolina Tennessee Total 3, ,766 Imports from: Illinois 2, ,982 Indiana Mississippi 1, ,114 Missouri New York Tennessee 16,541 2,141 14,400 Virginia Total 23,402 2,614 20,788 a Includes roundwood that was delivered to nonpulpmills and then chipped and sold to pulpmills. 20

27 Table 11 Other industrial volume by destination, source, and species group, Kentucky, 1997 a Species group Destination All and source species Softwood Hardwood Kentucky (retained) 10,818 1,650 9,168 Exports to: Ohio Tennessee Total Imports from: Indiana Tennessee Virginia Total a Includes poles, posts, mulch, firewood, log homes, charcoal, and all other industrial products. Table 12 Primary mill residue volume by roundwood type, species group, and residue type, Kentucky, 1997 Residue type Roundwood type All and species group types Bark Coarse Sawdust Shavings Saw logs Softwood 3, ,761 1, Hardwood 91,750 16,525 42,137 32,084 1,004 Total 95,094 16,953 43,898 33,210 1,033 Veneer logs Softwood Hardwood 1, Total 1, Pulpwood Softwood Hardwood 3,990 3, Total 4,432 4, Other industrial a Softwood Hardwood 2,193 2, Total 2,638 2, Total Softwood 4,253 1,076 1,948 1, Hardwood 99,054 22,943 42,727 32,380 1,004 Total 103,307 24,019 44,675 33,580 1,033 a Includes poles, pilings, posts, and other industrial products. 21

28 Table 13 Disposal of residue at primary wood-using plants by product, species group, and type of residue, Kentucky, 1995 and 1997 Residue type Product and All types Bark Coarse Sawdust Shavings species group Fiber products Softwood Hardwood 44,605 35, ,104 33,883 1,205 1, Total 45,049 35, ,548 34,441 1,205 1, Particleboard Softwood Hardwood 1, Total 1, Charcoal/chemical wood Softwood Hardwood 0 8, , , Total 0 9, , , Sawn products Softwood Hardwood Total Fuel Softwood Hardwood 18,118 25,376 5,618 7, ,354 11,605 15, Total 18,726 26,341 6,177 7, ,586 11,645 15, Miscellaneous Softwood 3,071 1, , , Hardwood 41,631 24,041 14,325 14,366 8,193 2,608 17,483 6,173 1, Total 44,702 25,991 14,917 14,845 9,580 3,497 18,557 6,752 1, Not used Softwood Hardwood 5,999 4,654 1, ,104 1,868 2,783 1, Total 6,471 5,070 1, ,311 2,047 2,948 2, All products Softwood 4,596 4,253 1,227 1,076 2,048 1,948 1,279 1, Hardwood 111,623 99,054 21,440 22,943 54,749 42,727 33,544 32,380 1,890 1,004 Total 116, ,307 22,667 24,019 56,797 44,675 34,823 33,580 1,932 1,033 22

29 Table 14 Roundwood timber products output by product and species group, Eastern Region of Kentucky, 1995 and 1997 Product and Year Percent species group Change change Saw logs Softwood Hardwood 11,814 12, Total 11,851 12, Veneer logs Softwood Hardwood Total Pulpwood a Softwood Hardwood Total Composite panels Softwood Hardwood 913 5,265 4, Total 913 5,265 4, Other industrial Softwood Hardwood Total All industrial Softwood Hardwood 13,385 18,421 5, Total 13,738 18,648 4, = negligible. a Includes roundwood that was delivered to nonpulpmills and then chipped and sold to pulpmills (4,000 cubic feet in 1997). 23

30 Table 15 Roundwood timber products output by county, product, and species group, Eastern Region of Kentucky, 1997 All products Saw logs Veneer logs Pulpwood a Other industrial Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- County wood wood wood wood wood wood wood wood wood wood Floyd 0 1, Harlan 80 3, , ,848 Knott 19 1, Leslie 33 3, , ,386 Letcher 26 2, , Martin Perry 42 2, , Pike 27 3, , All counties , , ,265 a Includes roundwood that was delivered to nonpulpmills and then chipped and sold to pulpmills (4,000 cubic feet in 1997). 24

31 Table 16 Roundwood timber products output by product and species group, Northern Cumberland Region of Kentucky, 1995 and 1997 Product and Year Percent species group Change change Saw logs Softwood Hardwood 17,243 18, Total 17,952 18,975 1, Veneer logs Softwood Hardwood Total Pulpwood a Softwood Hardwood 4,222 2,530-1, Total 4,512 2,759-1, Other industrial Softwood Hardwood Total All industrial Softwood 1,561 1, Hardwood 21,652 21, Total 23,213 22, = negligible. a Includes roundwood that was delivered to nonpulpmills and then chipped and sold to pulpmills (115,000 cubic feet in 1997). 25

32 Table 17 Roundwood timber products output by county, product, and species group, Northern Cumberland Region of Kentucky, 1997 All products Saw logs Veneer logs Pulpwood a Other industrial Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- County wood wood wood wood wood wood wood wood wood wood Boyd Carter 84 2, , Elliott 77 1, , Greenup 50 1, , Johnson Lawrence 80 1, Lewis 205 4, , Magoffin Menifee Morgan 207 1, , Powell 312 1, , Rowan 68 1, , Wolfe 246 1, , All counties 1,536 21, , , a Includes roundwood that was delivered to nonpulpmills and then chipped and sold to pulpmills (115,000 cubic feet in 1997). 26

33 Table 18 Roundwood timber products output by product and species group, Southern Cumberland Region of Kentucky, 1995 and 1997 Product and Year Percent species group Change change Saw logs Softwood 1,530 1, Hardwood 26,387 25, Total 27,917 26,885-1, Veneer logs Softwood Hardwood 123 1,880 1,757 1,428.5 Total 123 1,918 1,795 1,459.3 Pulpwood a Softwood 1, Hardwood 2,541 1, Total 3,653 2,417-1, Other industrial Softwood Hardwood 631 3,877 3, Total 924 4,772 3, All industrial Softwood 2,935 2, Hardwood 29,682 33,147 3, Total 32,617 35,992 3, a Includes roundwood that was delivered to nonpulpmills and then chipped and sold to pulpmills (218,000 cubic feet in 1997). 27

34 Table 19 Roundwood timber products output by county, product, and species group, Southern Cumberland Region of Kentucky, 1997 All products Saw logs Veneer logs Pulpwood a Other industrial Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- County wood wood wood wood wood wood wood wood wood wood Bell 53 1, , Breathitt 19 3, , ,386 Clay 112 2, , Estill 94 2, , Jackson 176 2, , Knox 203 2, , Laurel 637 6, , , ,940 Lee 48 1, , McCreary 598 3, , Owsley Rockcastle 29 2, , Whitley 848 2, , All counties 2,845 33,147 1,447 25, , , ,877 a Includes roundwood that was delivered to nonpulpmills and then chipped and sold to pulpmills (218,000 cubic feet in 1997). 28

35 Table 20 Roundwood timber products output by product and species group, Bluegrass Region of Kentucky, 1995 and 1997 Product and Year Percent species group Change change Saw logs Softwood 1,378 1, Hardwood 7,229 8,761 1, Total 8,607 10,022 1, Veneer logs Softwood Hardwood 544 1, Total 544 1, Pulpwood a Softwood Hardwood Total Other industrial Softwood Hardwood Total All industrial Softwood 1,899 1, Hardwood 7,778 9,876 2, Total 9,677 11,570 1, = negligible. a Includes roundwood that was delivered to nonpulpmills and then chipped and sold to pulpmills (7,000 cubic feet in 1997). 29

36 Table 21 Roundwood timber products output by county, product, and species group, Bluegrass Region of Kentucky, 1997 All products Saw logs Veneer logs Pulpwood a Other industrial Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- County wood wood wood wood wood wood wood wood wood wood Anderson Bath 180 1, , Boone Bourbon Boyle Bracken Campbell Carroll Clark Fayette Fleming 90 1, , Franklin Gallatin Garrard Grant Harrison Henry Jefferson Jessamine Kenton Lincoln 25 1, , Madison Mason Mercer Montgomery Nicholas Oldham Owen Pendleton Robertson Scott Shelby Spencer Trimble Washington Woodford All counties 1,694 9,876 1,261 8, , a Includes roundwood that was delivered to nonpulpmills and then chipped and sold to pulpmills (7,000 cubic feet in 1997). 30

37 Table 22 Roundwood timber products output by product and species group, Pennyroyal Region of Kentucky, 1995 and 1997 Product and Year Percent species group Change change Saw logs Softwood 1,623 1, Hardwood 44,714 47,898 3, Total 46,337 49,327 2, Veneer logs Softwood Hardwood Total 125 1, Pulpwood a Softwood Hardwood 1,141 1, Total 1,208 1, Other industrial Softwood Hardwood Total All industrial Softwood 2,101 1, Hardwood 45,980 49,931 3, Total 48,081 51,903 3, = negligible. a Includes roundwood that was delivered to nonpulpmills and then chipped and sold to pulpmills (13,000 cubic feet in 1997). 31

38 Table 23 Roundwood timber products output by county, product, and species group, Pennyroyal Region of Kentucky, 1997 All products Saw logs Veneer logs Pulpwood a Other industrial Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- County wood wood wood wood wood wood wood wood wood wood Adair 61 3, , Breckinridge 57 2, , Bullitt Casey 76 3, , Clinton 151 2, , Cumberland 49 2, , Grayson 83 3, , Green 43 2, , Hancock Hardin 78 2, , Hart 176 3, , Larue Marion 85 1, , Meade 0 1, , Metcalfe 50 3, , Nelson Pulaski 443 5, , Russell 98 3, , Taylor 70 3, Wayne 224 3, All counties 1,972 49,931 1,429 47, , a Includes roundwood that was delivered to nonpulpmills and then chipped and sold to pulpmills (13,000 cubic feet in 1997). 32

39 Table 24 Roundwood timber products output by product and species group, Western Coalfield Region of Kentucky, 1995 and 1997 Product and Year Percent species group Change change Saw logs Softwood Hardwood 38,289 33,443-4, Total 39,020 34,028-4, Veneer logs Softwood Hardwood Total Pulpwood a Softwood Hardwood 5,465 4, Total 5,910 5, Other industrial Softwood Hardwood Total All industrial Softwood 1,194 1, Hardwood 43,929 38,399-5, Total 45,123 39,582-5, = negligible. a Includes roundwood that was delivered to nonpulpmills and then chipped and sold to pulpmills (214,000 cubic feet in 1997). 33

40 Table 25 Roundwood timber products output by county, product, and species group, Western Coalfield Region of Kentucky, 1997 All products Saw logs Veneer logs Pulpwood a Other industrial Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- County wood wood wood wood wood wood wood wood wood wood Allen 43 3, , Barren 52 2, , Butler 27 3, , Caldwell 359 1, , Christian 89 3, , Crittenden 28 1, , Daviess 8 1, , Edmonson 24 1, , Henderson 0 1, , Hopkins 138 1, , Logan 33 2, , McLean 13 1, , Monroe 49 2, , Muhlenberg 170 2, , Ohio 99 5, , , Simpson Todd 26 1, , Union Warren 7 1, , Webster All counties 1,183 38, , , a Includes roundwood that was delivered to nonpulpmills and then chipped and sold to pulpmills (214,000 cubic feet in 1997). 34

41 Table 26 Roundwood timber products output by product and species group, Western Region of Kentucky, 1995 and 1997 Product and Year Percent species group Change change Saw logs Softwood Hardwood 9,549 9, Total 9,556 9, Veneer logs Softwood Hardwood Total Pulpwood a Softwood 1, Hardwood 3,075 4,143 1, Total 4,181 5, Other industrial Softwood Hardwood Total All industrial Softwood 1, Hardwood 12,624 13, Total 13,737 14, = negligible. a Includes roundwood that was delivered to nonpulpmills and then chipped and sold to pulpmills (18,000 cubic feet in 1997). 35