Budworm/Insect & Disease Update

Transcription

1 Budworm/Insect & Disease Update Allison Kanoti Forest Entomologist Department of Agriculture, Conservation and Forestry Maine Forest Service

2 A. Steven Munson, USDA-FS, Bugwood.org Spruce Budworm Native Outbreak-Prone Defoliator Spruce Budworm Damaged Trees 1975 Allagash, ME

3 Monitoring for Spruce Budworm- Pheromone traps Pheromone Trap Deployment 2014

4 Defoliation to the North Jumped The Seaway

5 Increased Collaboration with regional partners University Industry/Private Government RESPONSE Marked Increased in Monitoring w/ Traps Coordinated by MFS Help from 21 landowners/managers Set out >1200 traps at >400 locations L2 Sampling (Cooperators, MFS) 2014 Spruce Budworm Pheromone Survey Cooperators American Forest North Maine Woods Appalachian Mountain Club Orion Timberlands Baskahegan Parks and Lands Baxter State Park Penobscot Experimental Forest HC Haynes/Lakeville Shores Penobscot Nation Huber Corporation Plum Creek J. D. Irving Prentiss and Carlisle Katahdin Forest Seven Islands LandVest USDA-FS Materiax Blanchet Wagner Forest Management Maine Forest Service

6 2014/15 Results Increased trap catches 11 L2 (from 6 of 106 sites) Populations still low in ME Defoliation continuing to intensify in Que.

7 10.5 million acres defoliated in 2014

8 Maine Spruce Budworm Predictions Outbreak populations soon Look for and report significant defoliation of fir/spruce Report moth flights (collect sample if possible) Less severe timber losses than last outbreak: Less contiguous fir distribution Infrastructure in place to facilitate targeted harvest Warmer fall weather may reduce larval survival Opportunity for planning/action Stands with $ invested (tending) Stands with mature fir dominating

9 White Pine Needlecast & Blight Lophodacidium dooksii Bifusella linearis Mycosphaerella dearnessii

10 Trouble From Away Already in Maine Statewide Potential Gypsy Moth Away TRUBL Bug Lugger Invaders with Statewide Potential (Thank you, recreational firewood!) Brown Spruce Longhorn Beetle Asian Longhorn Beetle Emerald Ash Borer Already in Maine Mostly Coastal Red Pine Scale Hemlock Woolly Adelgid Elongate Hemlock Scale Winter Moth

11 Emerald Ash Borer Still not found in Maine EAB and black oil seeds: MFS EAB on Penny: Howard Russell, MSU, Bugwood.org

12 Emerald Ash Borer David Cappaert, Michigan State University, Bugwood.org Photo: Maine Dept. Ag., PI Adult: - Bright metallic green - Small Larva: - Tunnels under bark - Cream colored - Bell-shaped segments Photo: Maine Forest Service

13 North American EAB Detections

14 New Hampshire nhbugs.org

15 Asian Longhorned Beetle Host = maples, elms, willows, and others Causes decline/mortality of hosts Tunneling in phloem/sapwood and heartwood Key to detection: recognize adult Other: exit holes, bark problems, tunneling, egg niches, early fall coloration PHOTO: Kevin Dodds, UDSA Forest Service Photo: Melody Keena, USFS

16 Photo: Massachusetts Introduced Pests Outreach Blog Exit holes (size of pencil or larger) Bark problems Tunnels within the wood Egg niches (chewing marks visible) Photo: MFS Photo: Robert Childs UMASS Extension

17 PHOTO: Kevin Dodds, UDSA Forest Service PHOTO: C. Donahue, MFS

18 PHOTOS: Kevin Dodds, UDSA Forest Service

19 Brown Spruce Longhorned Beetle Attacks healthy and declining spruce. Adult mistaken for native Tetropium Key to detection: resin flow (not diagnostic) Found in NS and NB CAN Photos: Georgette Smith, Jon Sweeney bugwood.org

20 Recognizing BSLB Yellowing Foliage Resin Covered Trunks Round to D-shaped 1/8 exit holes Photos: CFIA (left), Jon Sweeney, bugwood.org (middle and right)

21 Gypsy Moth

22 Winter Moth - Operophtera brumata Invasive insect from Europe Order: Lepidoptera (moths) Photo: Kaitlyn O Donnell Family: Geometridae Larvae are inchworms Photo: Maine Forest Service Favored hosts: oak apple maple birch basswood blueberry and others Positive Samples

23 Hungary Forest Research Institute, Bugwood.org Eggs: November- April Larvae: April -June Photo: P. Johnson Photo: P. Johnson Adults: November- January Pupae: June- November

24 Winter Moth Biocontrol Parasitic fly (Cyzenis albicans) It will take years for it to become effective Not guaranteed to work in ME. Has worked in NS. ME Towns with C. albicans Releases Location Year Harpswell 2013, 2014 Cape Elizabeth 2013 Kittery 2014 Vinalhaven 2014

25 Hemlock Suckers Hemlock Woolly Adelgid Adelges tsugae Hosts: Hemlock spp. Elongate?Hemlock? Scale Fiorinia externa Hosts: Hemlock spp. Fir spp. Spruce spp. Other conifers

26 Elongate Hemlock Scale (Ornamental Plantings) Coastal Towns to MDI Spread to native fir in several locations

27 Red Pine Scale Matsucoccus mastsumurae Identified on Mount Desert Island Sept Associated with red pine decline and mortality MCHT(wh)

28 Sirococcus and Diplodia Shoot Blights on MDI and in other regions, fungal shoot blights are ravaging red pine in forests and plantations.

29 Spread the word Away TRUBL Bug Lugger Firewood Lugs Bugs LEAVE YOUR FIREWOOD AT HOME!

30 Questions? NEW WEBSITE: mfs/forest_health/index.htm Maine Forest Service Insect & Disease Lab 168 State House Sta. Augusta, ME (50 Hospital Street) Tel Personnel Dave Struble State Entomologist, Forest Health and Monitoring Director Mike Devine Forest Health and Monitoring State Supervisor Insect & Disease Lab, Augusta Bill Ostrofsky, Charlene Donahue, Allison Kanoti, Colleen Teerling, Regina Smith, Julie Churchill Not Pictured: Patti Roberts Conditions Reports sign up today New Gloucester: Wayne Searles