P&CP- Contemporary Period Part 11

Transcription

1 Name: Group: 404- Date: P&CP- Contemporary Period Part 11 Chapter 3 Power & Countervailing Powers The Contemporary Period (1867 to Present) Part 11: Nationalist Groups Issues between Quebec and Canada 1871 Abolish right to separate schools in New Brunswick (hurts Catholics) 1885 Hanging of Louis Riel (seen as anti-catholic and anti-french gesture) 1890 Abolish right to separate schools in Manitoba (hurts Francophone Catholics) Creates a strong in Quebec Francophones and other Catholic Francophones in the country First Examples of Nationalism South Africa England fighting with Dutch south africans Wanted possession of mines (natural resources) wanted from Created divisions in Canada between English and French Boer War English Canadians wanted to help England Wanted Wilfrid Laurier (Canadian Prime Minister) to adopt law to send troops to South Africa History & Citizenship Education Secondary IV 1

2 Boer war has no connection to Canada We re not sacrificing our lives for England! Wilfrid Laurier makes o Volunteers can fight (7000 men go) o England is responsible $$$ o French Canadians still think it s too much Canada participates as part of Dominion of England Volunteers: o 40% English Canadians o 55% British immigrants o 5% French Canadians Major loss of life => lots of => Canada needs replacement soldiers but no one volunteers Robert Borden (Canadian PM) creates Canada is divided once again Opinions on Conscription o Why should Canada have to fight a European war? o We need to help our brothers Riots in Montreal! Defends rights of French canadians in Canada Tries to government through writings and political means History & Citizenship Education Secondary IV 2

3 World War => no conscription promised by government 1940 => conscription for home defense only 1941 => Mackenzie King (Canadian PM) asks Canadians to Majority of Quebec says no, rest of Canada says yes Reactions to plebiscite and conscription Coalition organized => o Henri Bourassa, Michel Chartrand, Jean Drapeau, Andre Laurendeau, Maxime Raymond Group fights for rights of French Canadians Many arguments between english and french canadians Quebec Nationalism 1960 Post 1960s: Quebec starts to ask for change in political status Quebec wants to be considered a distinct society o Within Canada o Quebec should have political autonomy from Canada (separate from Canada) Quebec Nationalism New political parties in Quebec 1963 Rassemblement pour l Independence Nationale (RIN) 1967 Movement Souverainete-Association (MSA) 1968 Both koined together to form => became leader of PQ in 1976 Many debates between Rene Levesque (PQ leader) and on Quebec and separation History & Citizenship Education Secondary IV 3

4 Trudeau and Levesque worked together as writers for Cite Libre magazine Trudeau was from Quebec and fought for Levesque wanted Quebec to be from Canada Quebec Nationalism pushes for Quebec Rene Levesque calls 1 st for sovereignty-association in o o Ask Quebec population to vote o NO = 59.56% o YES = 40.46% At the same time as separation movement, many conferences to discuss Canada s constitution o Where does Quebec stand within Canada? Quebec wants more autonomy => distinct society in Canada Other Provinces wanted more power to decide on laws in their own Provinces Canada proposes chanfes to the constitution => by Quebec Other Provinces didn t want Quebec to be a distinct society! Other attempts to get Quebec on board o Meech Lake Accord 1987 o Charlottetown Accord 1992 o Both meetings fail 1987 Other Provinces refuse to sign agreement 1992 Canadian voters refuse to allow Quebec to be distinct => for sovereignty-association o Non violent political measure o Ask Quebec population to vote o NO = 50.6% o YES = 49.4% History & Citizenship Education Secondary IV 4

5 1995 Referendum and Consequences Because 1995 was so close => Canadian government creates if any Province wants to separate from Canada Is 51% YES enough for a Province to separate? Can parts of Quebec rejoin Canada? This it more for official Front de Liberation du Quebec Group that wanted Quebec independence => to demand independence, molotov cocktails,, October Crisis begins o Quebec minister was kidnapped and murdered on Oct 10 th 1970 October Crisis After kidnap and murder, Premier of Quebec Robert Bourassa asked for help from PM Pierre Elliot Trudeau o called into Quebec o Suspend of citizens o without warrants o Stop people in the street to ask for ID o In FLQ members arrested War measures act not always well received History & Citizenship Education Secondary IV 5

6 Some people thought it was too much Major differences to understand o FLQ used violence to get independence o PQ was political party that used NON violence measures to get independence History & Citizenship Education Secondary IV 6