A) Louis XIV A) establishing specific manufacturing codes to improve the quality of French exports C) France enjoyed great military success.

Transcription

1 1. I am the state became the credo of which absolute monarch? A) Louis XIV B) William of Orange C) Charles II D) Frederick the Great E) Peter the Great 2. France enjoyed a Golden Age during the reign of Louis XIV for all the following reasons EXCEPT: A) French was spoken in all of Europe s royal courts. B) Louis XIV patronized the arts. C) France enjoyed great military success. D) Versailles stood as the standard of architecture in Europe. E) Louis XIV's long reign promoted cultural stability. 3. The intendant system in France, established by Cardinals Richelieu and Mazarin, centralized France s government in which of the following ways? I. Limited power of the nobles II. Established streamlined military III. Collected taxes and enforced royal decrees IV. Promoted French culture throughout Europe A) I only B) I, II C) I, III D) I, II, III E) I, II, III, IV 4. The Divine Right of Kings furthered the belief of A) monarchs as Gods B) monarchs as representative of God on Earth C) the people s will to check the power of monarchs D) the need for constitutional monarchy E) a monarch s right to act solely in the best interest of the monarchy 5. Which of the following was an economic policy under Louis XIV's finance minister Colbert? A) establishing specific manufacturing codes to improve the quality of French exports B) raising funds through internal tariffs C) lowering tariffs and free-trade policies to encourage international competition D) reducing military spending E) ending mercantilism in French colonies 6. The most serious challenge to royal absolutism in France in the 17th Century was the A) a series of revolts known as the Frondes. B) the policies of Cardinal Richelieu. C) the lavish spending of Louis XIV. D) the military policies of Louis XIV. E) the instability of the French monarchy. 7. By revoking the Edict of Nantes, Louis XIV A) forbid toleration of Huguenots and made Catholicism mandatory in France B) promoted religious toleration C) expanded France s colonial empire D) strengthened France s central government E) made the nobility reside at Versailles 8. In contrast to England, France developed absolutism in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries because A) of its strong military B) of its rural landscape C) it was affiliated with the Catholic Church D) it rejected the divine right theory E) it was not checked by a strong Parliament 9. The Rococo style is usually associated with which monarch? A) Louis XV B) Louis XVI C) Frederick the Great D) Maria Theresa E) Peter the Great 10. In the Estates General, the Second Estate was the A) nobility B) clergy C) bourgeoisie D) peasants E) factory owners

2 11. England s Petition of Right of 1628 specified all of the following EXCEPT A) Parliament s right to impose taxes B) prohibition of martial law during peacetime C) prohibition of quartering soldiers in private homes D) prohibition of royal spending without permission of Parliament E) specific charges required for imprisonment 12. The Long Parliament in England prior to the English Civil War passed all of the following legislation EXCEPT A) the Triennial Act B) the abolition of Star Chamber C) the abolition of the High Commission D) bill of attainder to execute the Earl of Strafford E) bill of attainder to execute King Charles 13. The English Civil War led to the beheading of A) Francis I B) Elizabeth I C) Charles I D) Charles II E) James I 14. Who was the leader of the Parliamentary troops during the English Civil War? A) Oliver Cromwell B) Sir John Hotham C) The Earl of Essex D) Sir Randolph Crew E) James Graham 15. What event is considered to be the start of the English Civil War? A) King Charles ordering the impeachment of five of the leading Puritans in the House of Commons B) the Long Parliament C) the English invasion of Scotland D) the Great Remonstrance E) the passage of the Triennial Act 16. The Habeas Corpus Act of 1679 sought to limit the power of England s Charles II by A) limiting royal spending B) granting greater legal rights to prisoners C) ending the enclosure movement D) allowing more press freedom E) promoting religious toleration 17. After Richard Cromwell was deposed in 1660, which monarch succeeded him on the English throne? A) Charles I B) Charles II C) James I D) James II E) Henry VIII 18. The Glorious Revolution in England signified A) the return of the Stuart Monarchy B) improved stability in British colonies C) Parliament s supremacy over the monarchy D) the cessation of English persecution of the Irish E) England s dominant status in European affairs 19. Which of the following was an important consequence of the Glorious Revolution of ? A) Limits were put on the power of the English monarchy. B) The franchise was expanded to members of the lower classes. C) French influence in England was expanded. D) Roman Catholicism was reintroduced into England. E) England gained control of Spanish colonial possessions in the New World. 20. The Glorious Revolution was a turning point in English history because A) there was a transfer of power without bloodshed B) England became a Catholic nation C) James II agreed to limit the power of the monarchy D) it revolutionized the process of royal succession E) England successfully defended itself against Dutch attack

3 21. The English Bill of Rights (1689) and the Toleration Act (1689) both A) extended greater civil liberties to English citizens B) focused mainly on religious matters C) focused mainly on matters of taxation D) permitted freedom of the press E) made provisions for royal succession in the case that William and Mary died without an heir 22. The English Bill of Rights of 1689 declared all of the following EXCEPT A) the king could not be a Roman Catholic B) excessive bail and cruel and unusual punishment was prohibited C) guarantee of trial by jury D) taxation illegal without Parliamentary consent E) a person accused of treason should be shown the accusations against him 23. The Declaration of Rights of 1689 A) guaranteed due process of law B) allowed the king to maintain a standing army without Parliament s consent C) gave Parliament limited rights to levy taxes D) placed revenue collection under the auspices of the king E) granted suffrage to all English males 24. Russia's Peter the Great forced his nobles to shave their beards because he wanted to A) resemble western European nobility B) adjust the nation for a more modern monarchy C) be the only Russian with facial hair D) tax everyone in the country for shaving implements E) prepare the nobility for impending war 25. Peter the Great modeled St. Petersburg after which European city? A) Amsterdam B) London C) Berlin D) Prague E) Venice 26. Peter the Great's chief foreign policy aim was the A) acquisition of Baltic Sea ports B) acquisition of Black Sea ports C) acquisition of Polish territory D) defensive alliance with England E) defeat of Sweden in the Great Northern War 27. Russia s Peter the Great strove to achieve all of the following EXCEPT A) technological improvements bringing Russia into line with the rest of Europe B) a warm weather port C) acquisition of Chinese territory D) molding Russia into a European power E) an improved educational system 28. The philosophes shared the following characteristics EXCEPT most A) felt that this world was "the best of all possible worlds" B) most believed in Deism C) most accepted the philosophical tenets of John Locke D) most tried to further human progress through the principles of natural law E) most repudiated organized religion 29. The philosophy of Rene Descartes was significant because it A) attempted to reconcile religion with empirical science B) completely rejected Christian beliefs C) proved Deism D) amplified the role of God in the world E) established Cartesian duality as the basis for modern science 30. The Encyclopedia, encompassing the ideas of many philosophes in political and social critiques, was compiled by A) Voltaire B) Descartes C) Hume D) Diderot E) Rousseau

4 31. Rousseau wrote "Man is born free, but everywhere he is in chains" in A) The Social Contract B) Emile C) Spirit of the Laws D) Encyclopedia E) Wealth of Nations 32. Voltaire compared God to a A) watchmaker B) poet C) baker D) banker E) politician 33. The salon was a key place for discussion in the A) Enlightenment B) French Revolution C) Industrial Revolution D) Romantic Period E) Counter Reformation 34. John Locke classified knowledge as I. according to reason II. contrary to reason III. above reason IV. below reason A) I only B) I, II C) I, II, III D) II, III, IV E) I, II, III, IV 35. "I think; therefore, I am" was a famous statement from which rationalist thinker? A) Rene Descartes B) Baruch Spinoza C) Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz D) David Hume E) Sir Isaac Newton 36. The religious convictions of Enlightenment thinkers most closely relates to A) Deism B) atheism C) Catholicism D) Protestantism E) Anabaptism 37. Which eighteenth century thinker most clearly professed the idea of separation of powers? A) Voltaire B) Montesquieu C) Locke D) Rousseau E) Hobbes 38. John Locke believed that human knowledge was derived from A) environment and reason B) heredity and faith C) conscience and emotions D) divine inspiration and innate perception E) intuition and moral law 39. Which seventeenth century English author wrote Leviathan, a treatise on how to employ power in society? A) Ben Jonson B) John Locke C) Francis Beaumont D) Thomas Hobbes E) Andrew Marvell 40. "The law is the expression of the general will. All citizens have a right to concur either personally or by their representatives in its formation. The law should be the same for all, whether it protects or whether it punishes." The quotation above is a formulation of the ideas of A) Frederick the Great B) Jean Jacques Rousseau C) Adam Smith D) Condorcet E) Voltaire 41. On Crimes and Punishments, a critical analysis of legal systems of justice was published by which Italian philosophe? A) Beccaria B) Rousseau C) Voltaire D) Quesnay E) Garibaldi

5 42. In the Two Treatises on Civil Government, Locke believed in the notion of revolution so long as the A) government has violated property rights B) government is not democratic C) Nobility cause religious discrimination D) the poor are oppressed E) the revolution was peaceful 43. Isaac Newton demonstrated all of the following in 1687's Principa Mathematica EXCEPT A) God created the universe but does not intervene in it B) natural law explains how the universe is held together C) natural law governs the forces that allow for the prediction of natural movement D) gravity moves terrestrial objects E) gravity and centripetal and centrifugal forces account for the motion of heavenly bodies 44. According to Enlightenment thinkers, the universe was governed by A) God directly B) natural law C) magic D) monarchs who received their power from God E) the concept of social Darwinism 45. Which nation was last in founding a scientific society? A) Russia B) Prussia C) England D) France E) Italy 46. All of the following were eighteenth century inventors EXCEPT A) Thomas Necomen B) James Watt C) John Kay D) Richard Arkwright E) Tyco Brahe 47. The Royal Society of London is most closely associated with A) the Scientific Revolution B) Charles II of England C) missionary work in Africa and Asia D) colonial finances in North America E) commercial shipping in the Far East 48. Scientific research in the seventeenth and eighteenth Centuries I. made great discoveries in physics, chemistry, and medicine II. received encouragement from governments and rulers III. was centered primarily in major universities IV. was believed to have the potential to greatly help mankind A) II only B) III only C) II, III D) I, II, III E) I, II, IV 49. The Scientific Revolution overturned the accepted ideas of A) Aristotle B) Vesalius C) Rousseau D) Euclid E) Voltaire 50. Deists believed all of the following EXCEPT: A) Absolute standards of good and evil do not exist. B) Divine predestination runs counter to the human dignity reason bestows upon the individual. C) God does not respond to individual petitions to intervene. D) Individuals have the ability to determine what is good and evil, and to decide between them. E) God should be viewed as the source of the laws of nature.

6 Answer Key Absolutism-Enightenment 1. A 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. A 8. E 9. A 10. A 11. D 12. E 13. C 14. A 15. A 16. B 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. A 21. A 22. E 23. A 24. A 25. A 26. A 27. C 28. A 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. A 33. A 34. C 35. A 36. A 37. B 38. A 39. D 40. B 41. A 42. A 43. A 44. B 45. A 46. E 47. A 48. E 49. A 50. A