An extended abstract of a paper on the subject of:

Transcription

1 Handziuk A.M., Postgraduate student of Parliamentarism and Political Management Department, NAPA, Kyiv An extended abstract of a paper on the subject of: MECHANISMS TO ENSURE THE STABILITY OF DEPUTY FACTIONS: COMPARATIVE ASPECT Problem setting. Presently in home parliament (The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, hereafter - the VRU) deputy factions are in the centre of parliamentary activity because participating of the members of parliament in factions (groups) guarantees them a right to: gain proportional representation in all organs of the VRU and official parliamentary delegations; performance and representation in all questions order-paper on meetings of the VRU and its organs; delegation of the representatives in temporary commissions, preliminary discussion of the candidates for the positions of the Head of the VRU and his deputies; proportional distribution of positions of chairmen of committees; free collaboration with other factions (or groups) by forming deputy associations and informal groups, that is not subject to registration and does not have any rights set by Regulation of the VRU. Their presence in parliament provides the parity of ruling and opposition political forces, assists to express the free will of the Members of Parliament and to realize the principle of free mandate of the Members of Parliament. Therefore, consideration of the question on the mechanisms of providing of stability of deputy factions in Ukraine and countries with the developed traditions of parliamentarism is extremely actual Recent research and publications analysis. The works of many authors are devoted to the question of the establishment and development of the party system and their influence, especially these authors are prominent: О. Bandurka, V. Goshovska, G. Ruchce, V. Shapoval, S. Кulchitskyi, P. Кuslyi, V. Jablonskyi and others. 1

2 Not less important for our research is foreign experience of structurizing and organization of activity of parliaments that are investigated by А. Коzlov, М. Кrutogolov, М. Моgunova, J. Коvbasijk and others. They, foremost, were oriented on problems that arise up in foreign parliaments and less attention was devote to Ukrainian Parliament. However, taking into account modern destructive position of Ukrainian parliament in the system of public organs of Ukraine, an improvement of mechanisms of providing of factious stability of home parliament is important, in fact it plays an important role in stabilization of political and economic life of Ukrainian Aim of the article to define the mechanisms of factious stability of parliament, that assist to development of principle of free mandate, provide party and factious discipline on the basis of observance of substantive provisions of position papers of political party and coalition agreement, envisage establishment of public inspection (monitoring) of quality of implementation of functions of Members of Parliament regarding their work with electors and observance of principle of deputy factions and groups. Paper main body. Specifying a concept "factious stability", mark, that it is possible at the terms of realization of general principles of organization of activity of parliament and public/public organs of power that provides a political consensus between them, assists the transparent forming of professional coalition government and him to political support during certain plenary powers. To such principles we take principles of realization of free deputy mandate, factious and party discipline, deputy factions and groups, quality implementation of functions of the Members of Parliament. Deputies of people's, that have a free mandate is freer in the acceptance of state decisions and in satisfaction of necessities of the electors; they are less dependency upon party or other group belonging. In fact, a free deputy mandate is "urgent authority of person (mandatary) on realization of representative power in the volume 2

3 delegated by of power people, confirmed by the fact of electing of deputy on corresponding position". This principle operates, as a rule, in democratic countries. Thus, the ideas of free deputy mandate and distribution of power were used in the constitutions of many countries of the world, in particular, in Netherlands (1798р.), Spain (in 1812), Portugal (in 1822), Italy (1848р.), Greece (in 1864), Germany (in 1871). Parliaments in these states became the institute of the mediated democracy, at that people manage the state through the representatives in representative government (parliaments) bodies, adhering to principles of distribution Almost in all parliaments of the democratic states leading factions, and the most factions of majority, take advantage at electing of the representatives on different leading positions in parliament, on the posts of leaders of parliamentary committees and commissions. Actively enough they behave during meeting and in interruptions between them; enter from each other in a contact, find out positions, negotiate about general actions in relation to support or rejection of concrete project etc. It is necessary to mark that, for example, in Italian or Spanish parliament (unlike Germany, France, Switzerland, Austria and other) not a single deputy can be out of group. In Ukraine in the complement of deputy faction can enter and non-party deputies that support the position papers of corresponding party. The condition of creation of faction is included in its composition no less as 14 Members of parliament. The analysis of activity of the VRU of the 8th convocation testifies that deputy factions that entered coalition majority execute not enough own functions. In particular, it touches the function of grant of sufficient support to coalition Government. It promoted exactly, in our view, to the pre-schedule stopping of activity of Government of A. Yatsenyuk and his substituting by Government of V. Groysman. In this connection, for the increase of level of party and factious discipline consider it necessary conditioning for a public inspection (to monitoring) after their 3

4 activity and system illumination of his results on official web-sites( and editions of ВРУ. Presently six factions and two groups that head the known political figures operate in composition ВРУ of VІІІ of convocation. Their activity is related to politics of concrete political forces and on them forming of corresponding power depends in the state. Adhering to principles of democracy and humanism during realization of political reforms in Ukraine in recent year, beginning from 2014, important is conditioning for walking away from the "power, based on forcing" (hard power) to democratic "soft" power that is envisage continuous control and monitoring on principles of transparent and clear criteria. We are offer such criteria, as: it is activity of connections with electors, that is determined by frequency of realization of faction of meeting the deputy of people's with electors for a year, observance of chart of realization of faction of reception of citizens the deputy of people's on circumscriptions for a year; it is efficiency of implementation of requirements of electors, that is determined by the relative amount of accepted by the deputy of people's of corresponding official administrative decisions (orders, resolutions, laws and others like that) on the different levels of public power to potentially possible for a year; it is quality of realization of basic functions of faction, such as representative, legislative, legislative, electoral, control, educational-educator, research and information, organizational that is determined by the relative amount of the realized functions on a year to basic; it is quality of implementation of tasks of election programs of members of parliamentary faction that is determined by the relative amount of the executed tasks to pre-arranged on a year; it is efficiency of support of coalition Government that is determined by the relative amount of the supported bills of Government on a year to given in a session hall. System application of monitoring procedures after activity of deputy factions on these criteria, in our view, will assist determination of level of quality of their 4

5 activity that will characterize the corresponding coefficient of factious stability. We consider that a coefficient must answer the higher level of factious stability from 0,76 to 1,0; mediocre - from 0,51 to 0,75; insufficient - from 0, 26 to 0,50; subzero - from 0 to 0,25. Monitoring of activity of deputy factions can be realized by both public and state organizations, including, can come true monitoring within the framework inwardly factious and between factious (parliamentary) discipline. But the Members of parliament should be prepared for such an activity. In fact after our supervisions we can see that the coefficient of factious stability is insufficient in the VRU of 8 th convocation. Conclusions of the research. There is absence of proof of democratic traditions in parliamentary activity of the VRU, insufficient awareness of members of parliament with foreign practice of problem-solving, absence of system monitoring procedures in relation to determination of quality of activity of parliamentary factions, requires the careful study of achievements of foreign parliamentary and introduction of new mechanisms of providing of factious stability in parliament, that are based on principles of free deputy mandate, factious and party discipline, deputy factions and groups, quality implementation of Members of Parliament function of work with its electors. 5