CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT AT A TIME OF CRISIS: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN THE MENA REGION

Transcription

1 CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT AT A TIME OF CRISIS: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN THE MENA REGION GIFT-MENA Annual Conference (Marrakesh, February 2015) Atsuko Okuda Chief, Governance and Statebuilding Section, ECRI Economic And Social Commission For Western Asia

2 Table of Content Can we develop capacity at a time of crisis? Monitoring trends: conflicts and crises affect government effectiveness? Governance and public sector reforms in conflict, crisis and transition The way forward

3 2.50 Worldwide Governance Indicators, ESCWA Average Voice and Accountability Political Stability and Absence of Violence/Terrorism Government Effectiveness Regulatory Quality Rule of Law Control of Corruption

4 Page 4 Regional Risk Characteristics Categories Global ESCWA Gap Overall Evaluation Security risk Political stability risk Government effectiveness risk Legal & regulatory risk Macroeconomic risk Foreign trade & payments risk Financial risk Tax policy risk Labour market risk Infrastructure risk Source: Economist Intelligent Unit Country Risk Analysis Calculation by ECRI/ESCWA

5 Regional Risk Characteristics Overall risk evaluation at the regional level Overall Evaluation Global Average ESCWA Average Page 5 Source: Economist Intelligent Unit Country Risk Analysis Analysis by ECRI/ESCWA

6 Regional Risk Characteristics Security Risks/ Region Global ESCWA Bahrain Egypt Iraq 70 Yemen Jordan 40 West Bank and Gaza Kuwait UAE 10 0 Lebanon Overall Evaluation Security risk Tunisia Libya Syria Morocco Page 6 Sudan Oman Saudi Arabia Qatar Source: Economist Intelligent Unit Country Risk Analysis Analysis by ECRI/ESCWA

7 Regional Risk Characteristics Political Stability Risk/ Regional Global ESCWA Bahrain Egypt Iraq Yemen Jordan 40 West Bank and Gaza Kuwait UAE 10 0 Lebanon Overall Evaluation Political stability risk Tunisia Libya Syria Morocco Page 7 Sudan Oman Saudi Arabia Qatar Source: Economist Intelligent Unit Country Risk Analysis Analysis by ECRI/ESCWA

8 Regional Risk Characteristics Government Effectiveness Risk/ Region Global ESCWA Bahrain Egypt Iraq 70 Yemen Jordan 40 West Bank and Gaza Kuwait UAE 10 0 Lebanon Overall Evaluation Government effectiveness risk Tunisia Libya Syria Morocco Page 8 Sudan Oman Saudi Arabia Qatar Source: Economist Intelligent Unit Country Risk Analysis Analysis by ECRI/ESCWA

9 Additional factors for consideration: falling oil price and budgetary implication of instability: the case of Iraq Page 9 UNAMI JAU report Comparative Analysis of Iraq s 2013 Federal Budget and 2014 Draft Budget Bill

10 New Development Framework of Post 2015 Development Agenda Sustainable Development Goals Rio+20 Follow-ups Open Working Groups Post 2015 Development Agenda and MDG Reviews 17 Sustainable Development Goals Page 10

11 SDG 16. Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels 16.1: reduce violence and related death rates 16.2 end abuse, exploitation, trafficking and all forms of violence 16.3 promote the rule of law 16.4 reduce illicit financial and arms flows 16.5 substantially reduce corruption and bribery in all its forms 16.6 develop effective, accountable and transparent institutions 16.7 ensure responsive, inclusive, participatory decision-making 16.9 by 2030 provide legal identity for all including birth registration ensure public access to information and protect freedoms 16.a strengthen relevant national institutions 16.b promote and enforce non-discriminatory laws and policies for sustainable development Page 11

12 What it means to governments Public sector capacity development in crisis, conflict and transition Limited budget and reallocation of budgets to address conflict, crisis and emergencies Still expected to meet national and international development goals Focused, evidence-based, prioritized governance and public sector reforms Prioritize and align individual and institutional capacity development to address the requirements Page 12

13 How to monitor progress in institutional effectiveness Determinant Factors Crisis/Risk Management Development Goals Research, lessons learned and good practice Governance and Public Sector Reforms Partnerships with CSO, academia, private sector, mass media Indicators to measure institutional effectiveness Page 13

14 The way forward ESCWA s Support to member countries Normative and analytical work (i.e. Arab Governance Report) Governance and institutional development Assisting countries in monitoring progress through projects Technical advisory services Capacity Development Page 14

15 : Normative and Analytical Work Proposal to enhance institutional development Clear constitutional and human right principles Economic governance and effective service delivery Inclusiveness of transitionrelated reforms Political Stability and Absence of Violence Institutional effectiveness and accountability Page 15

16 How monitoring can help Identify key challenges in institutional development In the national development plans? Assessing progress towards reforms? SDGs? Improving the capacities of governments, national research institutions, think tanks Build capacity Identify specific areas and modality of collaboration Monitor trends based on selected indicators Progress? Gaps? Areas of Improvements? Consensus on gaps and opportunities Raise public awareness Aligning policies, programmes and budget Page 16 Make informed decisions for better development outcomes

17 Public Sector Reform in Iraq The Vision & Development Results Chain A capable public sector that enables GoI to assume its roles, manage its resources, and deliver services to citizens efficiently and effectively to achieve sustainable development Public Sector Modernization / Public Administration Reform Enhancement of Machinery of Government & Equilibrium in Governance Pillars Improvement of Service Delivery and Public Satisfaction Enhancement of Socio-Economic indicators and welfare

18 THANK YOU Economic And Social Commission For Western Asia