Warsaw COP19/CMP9 for better future

Transcription

1 Warsaw COP19/CMP9 for better future Tomasz Chruszczow Ministry of Environment, Poland ClimaEast International Climate Negotiations Workshop Vilnius, 30 October 2013

2 Outline 1) Introduction 2) Why so crazy? 3) The globe today 4) Need to develop - paradigm shift 5) The COP19 / CMP9 Implementation, incl. finance Loss & Damage Response measures 2015 agreement The process 6) Everybody on board 7) Conclusions

3 Climate is Changing Climate change is a fact. Even so called sceptics cannot deny increasing number of devastating floods, tornados, droughts, rising sea level etc. The science requires keeping the rise of global temperature below two degrees Celsius. To achieve this goal we all need to act. Everybody must take action. We need involvement of all - public and private actors, business and industry, cities and civil society.

4 UN Climate Change Convention The ultimate objective of the UN Climate Change Convention is to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations and prevent dangerous interference with the climate system. It should be achieved within a time-frame sufficient to allow ecosystems to adapt naturally to climate change, to ensure that food production is not threatened, and to enable economic development to proceed in a sustainable manner.

5 COP19/CMP9 Poland Strong commitment to multilateral process. Poland is one of the biggest success stories in the world. Economic transformation means 32% lower CO2 emissions comparing to the base year with more than 200% bigger economy. Decoupling of growth and emissions is a reality Since signing Kyoto, the employment in the coal mining sector in Poland has fallen by 74%, production dropped by almost 50%. Last years we also managed simultaneously to reduce our imports of coal, last year by over 30%. The emissions continue to decline despite of economic growth.

6 COP19/CMP9 2 years ahead of COP in Paris, the TRIO took off! Durban Platform the decision of COP17 to agree by 2015 a protocol, another legal instrument or an agreed outcome with legal force under the Convention applicable to all Parties Joint efforts of Poland and the two countries following us in a role of COP/CMP Presidency - Peru and France acting as troika, supporting each other in managing the challenge to fulfil the mandate of Durban Platform. The 2015 agreement in Paris is the collective effort of the three and not just sole responsibility of France.

7 The globe today - Population is growing

8 Population is growing what are the consequences? 9 billion people on this planet very soon deserve decent and secure life Energy, water & food security - three major, indispensable basic needs and rights of every human being on the planet. Having access to those is not a luxury it is a matter of survival. There is, however, another basic right of every society and every nation - the right to develop - grow and improve economy as well as life standards. The new manpower will be a very important asset and competitive advantage of the fastest growing nations. The scarcity of available natural resources will remain a major challenge, so we need to use them wisely in an efficient and sustainable manner.

9 Sustainable development means growth Sustainability does not mean self-limiting only. It means wisdom, innovation, efficiency, good governance, inclusion of social aspects in the equation. It is an undisputed paradigm of social and economic development. The real innovation lays in the ability to build real economy, based on value chain, able to manufacture real products and offer real services. Indigenous knowledge, traditional wisdom is an underestimated asset to be used along with the latest technological achievements and not against it. Innovation does not mean replacement and forgetting of local wisdom. It must be complimentary - not contradictory.

10 Sustainable development new paradigm The world needs a significant shift in its development paradigm. Countries must grow and reduce carbon footprint as they create new jobs and alleviate poverty. All economies, those developed and emerging, must continue to sustain and tend to their populations needs while decoupling growth from the use of natural resources. At the same time we observe the relocation of manufacturing capacity. The biggest manufacturing hub is emerging. It is not only China, but also entire South East Asia. According to experts the region will be providing more than 50% of manufactured goods globally by 2030.

11 Adaptation Framework Climate is changing and all nations - both developed and developing are suffering from violent impacts. Adaptation is a matter of survival, especially in the developing countries, and also pre-condition for investments in climate resilient and low emission infrastructure (including power generation). Small Island are suffering from both extreme weather and slow onset events. The decision on Loss & Damage has been mandated by Doha COP. The Warsaw COP has therefore an important task to fulfil. Adaptation agenda is gaining on importance. The First Adaptation Forum will take place in Warsaw.

12 Loss & Damage

13 COP19/CMP9 - Implementation and Climate Finance Warsaw COP/CMP is to lay a solid foundation making the 2015 agreement happen. A need to decide in Warsaw on the entire bunch of decisions. Completion of the implementation agenda, including MRV. Response Measures work programme, market mechanisms, incl. prompt start of new market mechanism. It is our ambition to negotiate in Warsaw the decision on pilot phase of mechanism within the so called Framework for various approaches. Finance and means of implementation are in the core of progress to be made in the negotiations. High Level Dialogue on finance, will be a very important element of Warsaw COP High Level Segment. A need to discuss what the mobilisation of 100 billion US $ means and what kind of commitments donors would be ready to make for 2014, especially in a view of capitalising of the GCF.

14 COP19/CMP9 - Laying a foundation under the new agreement Laying the foundation under the agreement must include clear guidance for the 2014 negotiations - what needs to happen, when, so the first draft of negotiating text would be presented to the COP 20 in Lima, and agreed as the basis for final negotiations in Paris. The text must be distributed in all UN languages by May 2015 at the latest, otherwise Paris COP will not be able to conclude the agreement. It would be a major failure. We need a decision in Warsaw that would as the minimum: establish such a timetable, determine the functions and possibly the elements of the agreement which would not only be agreeable to all but also be ratifiable invite all Parties to come out with their pledges in 2014.

15 COP19/CMP9 - New agreement applicable to all Bottom up vs. Top down. How to combine bottom up approach with the challenge of growing CO2 concentration. Hybrid approach could be a solution but there is no clarity what is the most important feature of the agreement for 2015 applicability to all or the guarantee to stay within 2 deg thanks to ambitious pledges. The agreement has to be ratifiable, it means that every country will have to self determine their actions and the scope (mitigation, adaptation, finance etc) Core set of rules legally binding internationally with nationally determined targets or internationally binding targets? This is a key question.

16 COP19/CMP9 - Trust building & involvement of stakeholders No agreement could be decided in Paris unless there is a trust amongst the Parties and everybody's sovereign rights are respected. We also need involvement of stakeholders. Business community, the local and subnational authorities are very important contributors but also initiators of action on the ground. Both business leaders and the mayors are invited to the round table discussion with ministers and civil society. It will be the first ever discussion with representation of business during the precop.

17 COP19/CMP9 - Role of Cities The cities are increasingly contributing, both directly and indirectly, to emissions but it also means that actions on local level are more meaningful either in mitigating pollution or adapting to changing climate. The urbanisation factor will continue to growth. Without proper addressing of problems of cities infrastructure, of housing and buildings' energy performance, without introducing efficient public transport systems etc. we won't be able to change the emission pattern. Any climate policy, must include actions by cities and should provide with the necessary assistance both in terms of regulatory framework and financial support It is on of the priorities of Polish Presidency to open up the process of intergovernmental negotiations and to bring the stakeholders to one table with ministers and NGOs. The ministers will have an opportunity to hear the voice of mayors, learn more about real problems and confront it with the views of civil society.

18 COP19/CMP9 Involving stakeholders The COP will for the first time include strong participation of Business Leaders in political debate, starting from "Business PreCOP" on the 2nd of October, with Business Day on 20th of November The growing role of Cities will be highlighted thanks to the Mayors' Summit and the Day of the Cities on the 21st November Both mitigation and adaptation addressed by both stakeholders groups with a view on reinforcing their participation in the future. They will also need to take their part of responsibility for demonstrating the evidence of the adverse effects of climate change to the public opinion and media.

19 Thank you for your attention Tomasz Chruszczow