Chapter 8. Innovative EC Systems: From E-Government and E-Learning to C2C

Transcription

1 Chapter 8 Innovative EC Systems: From E-Government and E-Learning to C2C

2 E-Government: An Overview e-government The use of IT and e-commerce to provide access to government information and delivery of public services to citizens and business partners government-to-citizens (G2C) E-government category that includes all the interactions between a government and its citizens Electronic Commerce Prentice Hall

3 Innovative EC Systems 1. E-government 2. Online Publishing, E-books And Blogging 3. E-learning 4. Knowledge Management And E-commerce 5. Customer To Customer E-commerce 6. Peer-to-peer Networks And Applications Electronic Commerce Prentice Hall

4 Government to Citizen The major features of Government Websites are: Phone and address information Links to other sites Publications Databases The major areas of G2C activities are: Tourism and Recreation Research and Education Downloadable forms Discovery of government services Information about public policy Advice about health and safety issues Electronic Commerce Prentice Hall

5 Government to Citizens 1. Electronic Voting Electronic voting Voting process that involves many steps ranging from registering, preparing, voting, and counting (voting and counting all done electronically) Netizen A citizen surfing the Internet. 2. Electronic Benefits Transfer [EBT] Government transfers money in benefits to its citizens annually. The smartcard system is part of a nationwide EBT system for miscellaneous payments. Electronic Commerce Prentice Hall

6 Government-to-Business government-to-business (G2B) E-government category that includes interactions between governments and businesses (government selling to businesses and providing them with services and businesses selling products and services to government) Government E-Procurement Group Purchasing Forward E-Auctions Tax Collection and Management Electronic Commerce Prentice Hall

7 E-Government: An Overview government-to-government (G2G) E-government category that includes activities within government units and those between governments Many of these are aimed at improving the effectiveness or the efficiency of the government. government-to-employees (G2E) E-government category that includes activities and services between government units and their employees Electronic Commerce Prentice Hall

8 Government-to-employees and internal efficiency and effectiveness Internal Efficiency and Effectiveness E-payroll E-records management E-training Enterprise case management Integrated acquisition Integrated human resources Recruitment one-stop Electronic Commerce Prentice Hall

9 Implementing E-Government The Transformation to E-Government Stage 1: Information publishing/dissemination Stage 2: Official two-way transactions with one department at a time Stage 3: Multipurpose portals Stage 4:Portal personalization Stage 5: Clustering of common services Stage 6: Full integration and enterprise transformation. Electronic Commerce Prentice Hall

10 Exhibit 8.2 The Stages of E-Government Electronic Commerce Prentice Hall

11 The Transformation to E-Government Stage 1: Information publishing/dissemination Individual government departments set up their own websites. These provide the public with information about the specific department The range of services it offers Contacts for further assistance. Government may establish an e-brochure, the purpose of which is to reduce the number of phone calls customers need to make to reach the employee who can fulfill their service requests. Electronic Commerce Prentice Hall

12 The Transformation to E-Government Stage 2: Official two-way transactions with one department at a time With the help of legally valid digital signatures and secure Websites, customers are able to submit personal information to and conduct monetary transactions with single government departments. Electronic Commerce Prentice Hall

13 The Transformation to E-Government Stage 3: Multipurpose portals At this stage, customer-centric governments make a big breakthrough in service delivery. Customer needs can cut across department boundaries, a portal allows customers to use a single point of entry to send and receive information and to process monetary transactions across multiple departments. Electronic Commerce Prentice Hall

14 The Transformation to E-Government Stage 4:Portal personalization Governments puts more power into customer s hands by allowing them to customize portals with their desired features. To accomplish this, government sites require much more sophisticated web programming that permits interfaces to be manipulated by the users. The added benefit is that governments get a more accurate read on customer preferences for electronic versus non-electronic service options. Electronic Commerce Prentice Hall

15 The Transformation to E-Government Stage 5: Clustering of common services This is where real transformation of government structure takes shape. Customers will recognize groups of transactions rather than groups of agencies. To make this happen, government will cluster services along common lines to accelerate the delivery of shared services. Electronic Commerce Prentice Hall

16 The Transformation to E-Government Stage 6: Full integration and enterprise transformation This stage offers a full-service center, personalized to each customer s needs and preferences. Electronic Commerce Prentice Hall

17 Implementing E-Government Implementation Issues of E-Government 1. Transformation speed: the speed at which a government moves from stage 1 to stage 6 varies, but usually the transformation is very slow. 2. G2B implementation: G2B is easier to implement that G2C. 3. Security and privacy issues: Governments are concerned about maintaining the security and privacy of citizen s data. 4. Wireless applications: there are several; applications suitable for e- government. Citizen Adoption of E-Government One of the most important issues in implementing e-government is its adoption and usage by citizens. Non-Internet E-Government Today, e-government is associated with the internet. However, governments have been using other networks, especially internal ones to improve government operations for over 18 years. Electronic Commerce Prentice Hall

18 E-Learning The Basics of E-Learning e-learning The online delivery of information for purposes of education, training, or knowledge management It is a web enabled system that makes knowledge accessible to those who need it, when they need it, anytime, anywhere. E-learning can be useful both as an environment for facilitating learning at schools and as an environment for efficient and effective corporate training. Electronic Commerce Prentice Hall

19 Benefits and Drawbacks of E-Learning 1. Time reduction: can reduce training time by 50%. 2. Large volume and diversity: can provide training to a large number of people from diverse cultural backgrounds and educational levels even though they are at different time zones. 3. Cost reduction: it is reported that the cost of providing a learning experience can be reduced by 50-70% when classroom lectures are replaced by e-learning sessions. Electronic Commerce Prentice Hall

20 Benefits and Drawbacks of E-Learning 4. Higher content retention: e-learning students usually are self-initiated and self-paced. 5. Flexibility: e-learners are able to adjust the time, location, content and speed of learning according to their own personal schedules. 6. Updated and consistent material: e-learning may be percent more consistent than material presented than traditional classroom learning because variations between teachers are eliminated. 7. Fear-free environment: e-learning can facilitate learning for students who may not wish to join a face-to-face group discussion or participate in class. Electronic Commerce Prentice Hall

21 Drawbacks and Challenges of E-Learning 1. Need for instructor retraining 2. Equipment needs and support services 3. Lack of face-to-face interaction and campus life. 4. Assessment 5. Maintenance and updating 6. Protection of intellectual property 7. Computer literacy 8. Student retention Electronic Commerce Prentice Hall

22 Preventing E-Learning Failures 1. Believing that e-learning is always a cheaper learning or training alternative. 2. Overestimating what e-learning can accomplish 3. Overlooking the shortcomings of self-study. 4. Failing to look beyond the course paradigms. 5. Viewing content as a commodity 6. Ignoring technology tools for e-learning or fixating too much technology as a solution. 7. Assuming that learned knowledge will be applied 8. Believing that because e-learning has been implemented, employees and students will use it. Electronic Commerce Prentice Hall

23 Online Corporate Training 1. The Drivers of e-training: 1. Technological change 2. Competition and cost pressures 3. Globalization 4. Continual learning 5. Network connectivity Electronic Commerce Prentice Hall