National safeguard policies: A country-led approach to REDD+ safeguards and multiple benefits

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1 National safeguard policies: A country-led approach to REDD+ safeguards and multiple benefits Steve Swan Institute for Global Environmental Strategies - International Conference REDD+ Safeguards: Fundamental; Not an Add-on, Tokyo 4-5 December 2013

2 Contents 1. Multiple benefits risks, benefits & strategies 2. How to safeguard? the country safeguard system 3. How to mainstream? into policies and plans 4. How to incentivise? economic instruments 5. Conclusions

3 Multiple benefits risks and opportunities REDD+ presents both social and environmental risks and opportunities UNFCCC Cancun safeguards Success and legitimacy of REDD+ depends on the potential to deliver multiple benefits Multiple benefits is more than just a desirable bonus - they are the enabling environment to achieve sustained emission reductions Delivering multiple benefits through REDD+ provides an opportunity to contribute to broader sustainable development

4 Multiple benefits - strategies 3 broad, complementary strategies are identified to fully operationalise international safeguards: 1. country safeguards systems; 2. mainstreaming into strategies and plans 3. economic incentive structures

5 Country safeguard system

6 Legal framework Legal recognition to the safeguard objectives of the country - which safeguards are to be applied Legal basis for compliance with the safeguards - which aspects of the legal framework will promote safeguards Institutional arrangements for overseeing safeguard implementation - institutional mandates and jurisdiction Which aspects of the compliance framework will guarantee the safeguards fulfillment

7 Institutional framework Institutional arrangements mandated with a responsibility for overseeing the implementation and enforcement of the safeguards objectives. Institutional framework might encompass several key stakeholder categories public sector, private sector, civil society, and indigenous peoples & local communities Processes and procedures are the means and methods through which the institutions will seek to guarantee the safeguards compliance.

8 Compliance framework 1. Information system(s) what, how and when information is to be collected and provided 2. Grievance redress mechanism(s) settles disputes between groups or individuals whose rights may be affected REDD+ negotiation, mediation, arbitration through use of judicial or administrative systems 3. Non-compliance measures address any failure to implement the requirements set forth in the legal framework administrative or judicial in nature, but should aim to provide a legal avenue for addressing a finding of non-compliance

9 Scope of a country safeguards system

10 Country safeguard system process Defining national safeguard objectives Analysing gaps in existing frameworks Developing a safeguard roadmap Implement the roadmap Continuous assessment Selecting safeguards Cancun minimum Costbenefits trade-off Legal Institutional Compliance Address gaps Short- /med- /long-term actions Existing framework reform National REDD+ architecture Subnational planning

11 Mainstreaming REDD+ into broader national policy 1. Integrating REDD+ into other national strategies (policy coherence) Addressing drivers beyond the forestry sector 2. Integrating multiple benefits into national REDD+ strategies PaMs - what, where, who and how 3. Integrating multiple benefits into subnational planning for REDD+ holistic landscape-level view

12 Mainstreaming tools 1. Environmental and social impact assessments Various ex ante impact assessment methods 2. Spatial analysis of multiple benefits Mapping REDD+, biodiversity, poverty reduction potential 3. Economic valuation of multiple benefits inform land use choices; accounting for local-level socio-economic and environmental benefits (and risks)

13 Economic incentive structures 1. Economic instruments linked to REDD+ incentives finances/in-kind benefits for multiple benefits 2. Public sector co-financing for REDD+ Domestic (PES) and foreign (DfNS) 3. Removing barriers to multiple benefit provision Tenure; market access; credit access; subsidies 4. Private sector co-financing for REDD+ Zero-deforestation value chains; inclusive business

14 Economic instruments Risk mitigation discounts (downward adjustment in risk scores) for emission reductions that deliver multiple benefits Frontloading payments without changing the total amount to enable the supplier of REDD+ services to make upfront investments in activities that favour multiple benefits Price premiums larger payments to REDD+ actors that deliver multiple benefits Stock-flow approach to divert REDD+ funding from areas with high historical emissions to areas with low historical emissions Earmarking REDD+ taxes agencies in charge of poverty reduction or biodiversity conservation receive some funding under REDD+

15 Key messages A multiple benefits approach constitutes a no-regrets approach to REDD+ 3 complementary strategies to meet/exceed REDD+ safeguards: 1. strengthening country safeguards systems; 2. mainstreaming into national policies and subnational plans; 3. introducing economic incentives for multiple benefits Country-led processes need to build upon existing country systems - legal, institutional and compliance frameworks Realising national multiple benefit objectives requires mainstreaming into REDD+ actions at the operational level of subnational planning A range of economic and policy incentives for multiple benefits are available to national REDD+ programmes

16 Thank you!