National E-government Strategies: Application of ICT in Government in Achieving the Millennium Development Goals. Professor Dennis Anderson, Ph.D.

Transcription

1 United Nations Public Service Day and Forum The Role of Public Service in Achieving the Millennium Development Goals National E-government Strategies: Application of ICT in Government in Achieving the Millennium Development Goals Professor Dennis Anderson, Ph.D. Barcelona, Spain June 2010

2 About Me Professor & Chairman of management and Information Technology, St. Francis College, USA (Effective September 2010) Fulbright Scholar High-level Adviser, United Nations Global Alliance for ICT & Development; advised UNFPA, UNDP, UNESCO, UNECA on Sustainability, PPP, e- Government, ICT Adviser, Various organizations including CIO, Computerworld, Microsoft, International Commission on Workforce Development Judge, World Summit Awards, CIO 100, Imagine Cup, Computerworld Honors, Emmy Awards for Advanced Technology 2

3 Agenda State of MDGs ICT, Government Level 1- ICT in Government Reality, Issues Constituencies Risks vs. Benefits (Economic Gain?) Strategy, Governance Level 2 ICT in Government, e-government Reality (enabler), Issues Constituencies Risks (i.e., transparency, Web 2.0) vs. Benefits (Economic Gain?) Strategy, Governance Level 3 Citizen-centric Participatory e-government and Beyond Issues Constituencies Risks vs. Benefits (Economic Gain) Strategy, Governance, Sustainability Public-Private Partnership Summary 3

4 MDGs status MDG Annul Progress Report 2009 highlighted shortfalls and challenges (i.e., 72 million children of primary school age around the world remain out of school, various health issues, gap in access to internet) Five years to meet all 8 goals and 18 targets The resulting of e-government can be less corruption, increased transparency, greater convenience, revenue growth, and/or cost reductions. (World Bank) Mapping of local community, assessing needs, allocating resources, proactive governments, establishing policies and legal framework, engaging constituencies, ICTs = MUST. 4

5 ICT + Government? Depends on what you are asking e-government is NOT about infrastructure and/or resources (ERPs, Internet, mobile phones, etc.); It is really about the government and what it wants to be to its citizens. Government has to know what it can do what it cannot if PPP to be effective. If the government is not pro-economy, e-government will not produce any economic output. E-Government could make the government less accessible. 3 Stages of e-government "...Government of the Uni-directional people, by the people, for Bi-directional the people, shall not perish Participatory multi-channel from the Earth." (A. Lincoln) e-government could cut cost (i.e., e-paper, e-procurement, energy) reduce corruption reduce inefficiency stimulate economy (i.e., tourism) provide access (i.e., WIFI) Understanding organization culture, meeting needs, optimizing processes are keys to capacity building 5

6 Level 1 The Role of ICT in Government Reality, Issues The Second Industrial Revolution (Steel Ships, Airplanes, Automobiles, Telephones) Two World Wars The Cold War, Beginning of Digital Age Until mid 1990 (pre e-commerce and mostly non-internet technologies), ICT was simply cumbersome (inefficient, expensive, rudimentary) Fractured ICT Management (i.e., Private Sector Enterprise ICT Management), Disconnected business processes, No meaningful data to support decisions Government ICT = massive data processing center and fractured, unidirectional, redundant, disconnected, inefficient systems, GIGA, No PPP Citizens Front-end Office Technologi es - Office Suits, Custommade Applications Back-end Office Technologies - Mainframe Note: United Nations Global E-Government Readiness Report 2005 mentions five stages, p. 16; The Report for Congress A Primer on E-Government, 2003 mentions four stages 6

7 Fractured Archaic Systems $- G 7

8 Level 1 The Role of ICT in Government Constituencies Business, Vendors (No PPP) Government (Bureaucrats) Agencies, Employees Back-end Office Technologies - Mainframe Front-end Office Technologies - Office Suits, Custom-made Applications NGOs Citizens 8

9 Level 1 The Role of ICT in Government 9

10 Level 1 The Role of ICT in Government Strategy, Governance No real ICT governance No national strategy in most of countries Primary purpose - Automation of manual calculation of massive data In the US, the Communications Act of 1934 was amended in1996, The Telecommunications Act of

11 Level 2 The Role of ICT in Government, e-government Reality, Issues Y2K, Internet Bubble Ordered or Organized ICT Management (i.e., Private Sector Enterprise ICT Management) ICT as enabler, ROI, BI,BPM Beginning of SaaS, Web-based Applications, Web 2.0. tools (i.e., social networks, blogs, wikis) Government ICT = massive data analysis and ordered, some bidirectional, redundant, disconnected, better systems e-government is not about ICT. It is about providing the government services in cost-effective ways by integrating ICT. Some PPP opportunities Front-end Office Technologies - Web-based, Web 2.0., SaaS, Cloud Applications Business Services Application Services Citizens Back-end Office Technologies -Servers 11

12 Common Services for Citizens Income taxes: declaration, notification of assessment Job search services by labor offices Social security benefits Personal documents: passport and driver s license Car registration (new, used, imported cars) Application for building permission Declaration to the police (e.g. in case of theft) Public libraries (availability of catalogues, search tools) Certificates (birth and marriage): request and delivery Enrolment in higher education/university Announcement of moving (change of address) Health related services (interactive advice on the availability of services in different hospitals; appointments for hospitals The annual report The User Challenge - Benchmarking The Supply of Online Public Services prepared for the European Commission, Directorate General for Information Society and Media, September 2007; Sweden ranked #1 in the United Nations e-government Readiness,

13 Orderly Systems G $+ 13

14 Enterprise ICT Management Frontend Office CRM Web Portal Applications Backend Office BI, ERP Storage and Data Center Telecommunication Virtualization KM Etc. Leadership Governance Compliance Security Contingency Plan 14

15 Level 2 The Role of ICT in Government, e-government Constituencies Government (Bureaucrats) Agencies, Employees Business Models (G2C, G2B, G2G, G2E) Back-end Office Technologies - Servers Business, Vendors (Some PPP) Front-end Office Technologies - Web-enable Applications NGOs Citizens/Customers 15

16 Level 2 The Role of ICT in Government, e-government NYC 311 Portal, San Francisco, Obama Administration 16

17 Level 2 The Role of ICT in Government, e-government Strategy, Governance ICT governance is in place Connecting local governments to federal government National strategy in some countries Primary purpose Cost-effective delivery of services to the citizens but still systems are disconnected 17

18 Level 3 Citizen-centric Participatory e-government Issues Dealing with today s issues security (cyber warfare), privacy, control, trust BI Based ICT Management Fully integrated e-system for all government functions (taxation, procurements, social services, health benefits, etc.); participatory system Government ICT = massive intelligence processing center and fully integrated, connected, consolidated, multi-directional, efficient systems; Greater PPP opportunities Back-end Office Technologies Front-end Office Technologies - Cloud Applications Citizens/Cus tomers 18

19 Consolidated BI Systems $$ G 19

20 Level 3 e-government and Beyond Constituencies Citizens (Customers) Front-end Office Technologies - Cloud Applications Business, Vendors (Greater PPP) Government (Service Provider) Agencies, Employees NGOs Back-end Office Technologies - Mainframe 20

21 Level 3 e-government and Beyond 21

22 Level 3 e-government and Beyond Strategy, Governance National strategy PPP Sustainability Global e-governance will emerge Primary purpose Better serving the citizens (customers) and increase the revenue (tax) 22

23 e-government Connecting the National Government to the Local Governments Citizens Issues, Needs Business, Vendors, Partners Front-end Office Technologies Local Governments Back-end Office Technologies NGOs Front-end Office Technologies National Government Departments and Agencies Back-end Office Technologies 23

24 Public-Private Private Partnership (PPP) Governments cannot do everything (Health, Education, Information Access, etc.) PPP is new to governmental organizations Not a vendor relationship Partnership and Corruption Ecosystem to create win-win for all partners Goal is not for pure profit gain; Should be about global community interest (education, health, etc.) ICT Role United Nations, IMF, world Bank Civil Societies, NGOs, Academia Global Partnership Private Sector Governments, AU, EU Serving Citizens 24

25 Public-Private Private Partnership (PPP) Mr. Brin said it was natural for Google to want to expand its customer base to the federal government. The U.S. government is probably the largest enterprise I know of, he said. And having cloud computing services deep inside the government would have an ancillary benefit for Google and others. Mr. Brin said policy makers and government officials who use cloud computing services would be less likely to push for policies that harm such services. If you use something, you understand it better, he said. (NYT, Bits - Business, Innovation, Technology, Society, Now, Even the Government Has an App Store, September 15, 2009) 25

26 Summary & Recommendations L3 Comprehensive global strategy Accountability Accessibility Transparency Sustainability PPP Innovative solutions Participatory e- Government Full economic benefit National Strategy, Prioritization of Services, Optimization, Partnership L2 Some strategy Accountability Accessibility Transparency PPP Bi-directional e- Government Some economic benefit Anti-corruption, Culture, Political Reform, Laws, Open Government L1 No No comprehensi economic ve strategy benefit Accountability Accessibility Transparency PPP Uni-directional e- Government 26

27 Contact Information Dennis Anderson, Ph.D. New York, NY USA Source: 27