UNIT Y109 THE MAKING OF GEORGIAN BRITAIN THE GLORIOUS REVOLUTION

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1 UNIT Y109 THE MAKING OF GEORGIAN BRITAIN THE GLORIOUS REVOLUTION NOTE: BASED ON 3X 50 MINUTE LESSONS PER WEEK TERMS BASED ON 6 TERM YEAR. Key Topic Term Week Number Indicative Content Extended Content Resources The last years of Charles II England in 1678, Shaftesbury and opposition, the succession issue and the Exclusion Crisis, dissolution of the Oxford Parliament; extent of Charles power , financial weakness, bureaucracy, gentry and local government, the judiciary, control over boroughs, quo warranto proceedings; the Rye House Plot; Political situation Religious situation Popish plot and its impact Development of Exclusion crisis Reasons for the defeat of the Exclusion crisis Dissolution of Oxford Parliament Charles power Rule without parliament Increase in royal power o Manipulation of the judiciary and use of the courts o Removal of opponents from boroughs o Quo warranto Aims and outcomes of the plot 1

2 James II Tory power and Whig weakness ; the Anglican Church in James aims; James accession and first year, the 1685 elections, reassurances to Protestants; Argyll and Monmouth Rebellions, the Bloody Assizes; Factors contributing to Tory power and reasons for Whig weakness Alliance with the Tories and their position by 1685 Differing views on his aims: o Traditional view on religious aims o Intention to rule without parliament o Destruction of liberties o Revisionist views Establishment as King Results and impact of the 1685 election Protestant reassurance Argyll rebellion and impact Monmouth rebellion and impact (Bloody Assizes) 2

3 James attempts to win non-conformist support, James use of dispensing power, attempts to pack parliament, remodelling of corporations; James and the Catholics, Declarations of Indulgence; Seven Bishops Trial; birth of an heir. Extent of support for James Attempts to win non-conformist support why he wanted it and how successful his policies were towards dissenters Attempts to pack parliament and the remodelling of corporations James aims for Catholics Difficulties facing James Policies towards Catholics Policies in Ireland and Scotland Extent of the successes of these policies Impact of Declarations of Indulgence Second declaration of indulgence Anglican opposition Trial of the Seven Bishops Impact of the Trial Consequences of the birth 3

4 The Glorious Revolution of The crisis of 1688, invitation to William; William s decision to invade; James actions; defeat and departure of James; Development of the crisis Invitation to William Why he decided to invade o Invitation o Religion o Situation in Europe o Personal desire James continuation with policies, refusal to accept reports of invasion. James belief that God was on his side Change in actions, confirmation of Act of Uniformity Attempts (and failure) to win support Arrival of William Lack of opposition to William Defection of key leaders to William Terms offered by William Desertion of James and reasons for his flight. The Glorious Revolution (Seminar Studies In History), Miller, Routledge The Glorious Revolution (Seminar Studies In History), Miller, Routledge The Glorious Revolution (Seminar Studies In History), 4

5 Miller, Routledge the Convention Parliament; the offering of the crown to William and Mary. Problems created by James departure in the search for a constitutional settlement. The Convention Parliament and their debate on the future of the crown Reasons for the offering of the crown William and Mary s actions The Declaration of Rights The Glorious Revolution (Seminar Studies In History), Miller, Routledge The Glorious Revolution (Seminar Studies In History), Miller, Routledge 5

6 UNIT Y109 THE MAKING OF GEORGIAN BRITAIN NOTE: BASED ON 3X 50 MINUTE LESSONS PER WEEK TERMS BASED ON 6 TERM YEAR. Key Topic Term Week Number Indicative Content Extended Content Resources The Revolutionary Settlement and politics The political and religious settlement under William and Mary, including the Bill of Rights, Toleration, Triennial, Licensing, Mutiny Acts and Act of Settlement; Queen Anne, personality and internal policies, Whigs and Tories; The settlement in England The relationship between parliament and the monarch Development of the Bill of Rights Problems faced in Scotland Religious divisions in Scotland gaining power in Scotland The Edinburgh Convention Jacobite rebellion in Scotland and Ireland by 1691 How William won in Ireland Consolidation of the settlement in England Impact of the Triennial Act Lapsing of the Licensing Act of 1662 Impact of War Conduct of politics in the 1690s The Act of Settlement, June 1701 Personality of Queen Anne Politics and religion under Anne Occasional Conformity Sacheverell affair War of Spanish Succession Consequences of Anne s death 6

7 the Marlborough- Godolphin ministry, the Harley ministry, different views of war; the Scottish settlement; the Union with Scotland Challenges the ministry faced: o Financing and winning the war o Maintaining support for the war o Retaining the Queen s confidence Extent of successes for Marlborough- Godolphin Achievements of the Harley ministry Challenge of Bolingbroke Anglo-Scottish relations before 1707 The Darien scheme Factors supporting union Crisis of 1703 The terms of the treaty Results of the union Aspects of Politics Tory eclipse and defeats; Jacobitism, the 15 and the 45; Tory defeats in the period Aims of the Jacobites Reasons for the failure of the 15 rising o Lack of co-ordination o Poor leadership o Lack of foreign support o Responses of the government Threat of the Jacobites in 1745 Reasons for the failure in 45 o Responses in England and Scotland 7

8 Walpole , the South Sea Bubble and financial policies; religious policies and the Indemnity acts, Excise Bill 1733; War and Parliamentary defeats ; parliamentary management and patronage; relations with George I and II and Queen Caroline; calls for reform in the reign of George III: the growth of radicalism, Wilkes; o Lack of help from France o Division amongst leadership o Role of the leadership on both sides o Disparity in strength between both sides Disarray and weakness of the Tories Walpole s service to the Whigs Political and financial skill of Walpole The nature of the South Sea Bubble The collapse of the Bubble Walpole s response Religious policies Impact of the Indemnity Acts 1723 Black Act Taxation policy Excise Bill Policies to promote Commerce Walpole s role in keeping Britain at peace Walpole s management of the court Walpole s management of parliament Maintaining a court party in parliament and use of Patronage Growth of radicalism and its significance Role of Wilkes Significance of Wilkes and his actions 8

9 Social and economic developments c Wyvill and the County Associations. The evangelical revival; the emergence and growth of Methodism, Wesley and the reasons for his appeal; the growth of trade and early industrial developments; finance; financial settlement (Bank of England 1694), National Demand for parliamentary reform in the 1780s Role of Christopher Wyvill and the associations. Impact of them Failure of the reform movement Why did an evangelical revival occur? Anti-Catholicism in Britain Role of the Anglican church Evangelical view on society and beliefs Impact of evangelism Features of Methodism Appeal of Methodism Opposition, competition and survival of Methodism Wesley and his appeal Expansion of trade and the nature of it Reasons for its expansion Development of industry Creation of the bank of England Development of London as financial centre The start of the national debt 9

10 Foreign policy Debt and commercial growth; population growth, urban development and problems, including crime; urban unrest, including the Porteous Riots and the Gordon Riots. William III s foreign policy, the Nine Years War and the Peace of Ryswick; Grand Alliance and the War of the Spanish Succession, (and the Treaty of Utrecht 1713); Hanover and the foreign Nature and significance of the growth of the population Areas of growth in population particularly in urban areas Problems created or enhanced by urban growth Increase in crime Attempts to combat crime Factors behind increasing urban unrest Religious riots Political riots Economic riots William III aims in the Nine Years War Success of William in the Nine Years War including the Treaty of Ryswick Nature of the war of Spanish succession Why Britain made peace in 1713 How far the interests of Hanover 10

11 policies of George I and II; Walpole s policies (peace, commerce, treaties, relations with France, Austria and Spain War of Jenkins Ear with Spain 1739 and war with France 1744); Pitt the Elder and the Seven Years War. shaped British foreign policy Relations with Sweden, France, Austria and Spain Walpole s objectives in foreign policy Relations with France Treaty of Vienna, 1731 War of Polish Succession War of Jenkins Ear War of Austrian Succession Significance of Anglo-Prussian nonaggression pact Origins of the conflict Pitt s role and strategy Role of other leaders (Newcastle, Clive, Wolfe, Boscawen, Hawke, Anson) Start of the war and initial successes in Treaty of Paris