Planning. required, the level of stakeholder participation, and the strengths and weaknesses of each method.

Transcription

1 319

2 320

3 321

4 1 Reed et al. (2009) amalgamated in a table the different stakeholder analysis methods, including the resources required, the level of stakeholder participation, and the strengths and weaknesses of each method. 322

5 323

6 324

7 Stakeholders Interests Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities/ threats Relationships Impacts Involvement needs 325

8 INFLUENCE FACTORS 326

9 Low interest Low influence Stakeholders are unlikely to be closely involved in the project and require not more than informationsharing aimed at the general public Information High influence Stakeholders may oppose the intervention; therefore, they should be kept informed and their views acknowledged to avoid disruption or conflict Consultation - Information Stakeholders require special effort to ensure that their needs are met and their participation is meaningful Consultation - Empowerment High interest Stakeholders should be closely involved to ensure their support for the project Consultation - Collaboration Empowerment / Delegation 327

10 Influence Interest C3: Potential support or threat C4: Ability to get funding C5: Ownership of a potential treatment site C2: Political power C1: Activity linked with FSM C6: Potential user of a treatment endproduct 328

11 Stakeholder categories Main interests Opportunities Involvement needs and required actions 329

12 330

13 331

14 332

15 Case Study 15.1 Part I Enforcement of national laws and regulations Regional and national authorities Households Users Owners Call for service Register to get service from MSP1 - Contract for public latrine management - Orders for emptying service made at City Council Municipal authorities Mayor Technical services - Support to decentralisation process - Technical support Sludge emptiers Latrine builders Advisors Request for land Traditional authorities Traditional leaders Responsible for the management of ancestral land Neighbourhood leaders Religious leaders Solid waste collection Endusers RG = Regional Directorates RD sanitation RD public works RD hydraulics RD urbanism & habitat RD plan & development RD health RD social affairs Mechanical service provider1 - Comes once a month from capital city Mechanical service provider2 Technical support NGO1 NGO2 - Permanent residence - Latrine building and sludge emptying - Used to come regularly from capital city - Owner of informal disposal site - international NGO Head of NGO3 is also head of the administration council of NGO1 - Municipal mandate for the collection of solid waste from the main market NGO3 - Manages one disposal site NGO4 - Solid waste collection and health projects Vegetable farmers + cereal cultivators - All year round or seasonal Call for service Cattle breeders - Sedentary and nomadic Use dry sludge from informal disposal site Figure 15.6 Example of a diagram of relationships between faecal sludge management stakeholders. 333

16 334

17 Criteria Stakeholder C1 Activity FSM C2 Political power C3 Support threath C4 Funding C5 Ownership site C6 Enduse Low interest Low influence High influence Regional Directorates Traditional authorities NGO2 High interest Mechanical service provider 1 Farmers Cattle breeders Municipal authorities Households NGO1 Mechanical service provider 2 NGO3 NGO4 335

18 Stakeholders Roles and responsibilities Strengths Weaknesses Relationships Involvement needs 336

19 Criteria Stakeholder C1 Activity FSM C2 Political power C3 Support threath C4 Funding C5 Ownership site C6 Enduse 337

20 Low interest High interest Cattle breeders Low influence Mechanical service provider 1 Mechanical service provider 2 Farmers High influence Regional Directorates Traditional authorities NGO2 NGO3 NGO4 Municipal authorities Households NGO1 Construction Municipal authorities Management Municipal authorities Valorisation Municipal authorities To be informed Households NGO 1 NGO 1 NGO 1 NGO 2 RD public works Mechanical service provider 1 Farmers NGO 3 Mechanical service provider 2 RD health NGO 4 RD sanitation Regional Directorates Traditional authorities 338

21 339

22 340