Germany's New Foreign Policy

Transcription

1 A Germany's New Foreign Policy Decision-Making in an Interdependent World Edited by Wolf-Dieter Eberwein Director of the International Politics Research Group Social Science Research Centre (WZB) and Professor of Political Science University of Leipzig and Karl Kaiser Director Researcli Institute of the German Council on Foreign Relations (DGAP) and Professor Emeritus Bonn University Assistant Editor Sebastian Bartsch Research Institute of the German Council on Foreign Relations (DGAP) Translators Deborah Kaiser Bryan Ruppert Institute for German Studies, Birmingham paigrave

2 Contents List of Figures List of Tables Preface on the Contributors List of Abbreviations xii xii xiii xv xvii Part I Introduction 1 Academic Research and Foreign Policy-Making 3 Wolf-Dieter Eberwein and Karl Kaiser Integration, institutions and foreign policy decisions 3 Research and practice 8 12 Part II Institutions of the Federal Government 2 Traditional Institutions of Foreign Policy 19 Judith Siwert-Probst The principle of chancellor authority 19 Decision-making: a problem of co-ordination 21 Ministerial responsibility and problems of competence 26 Traditional institutions: new tasks and perspectives 30 Summary The'Foreign Policies'of Specialized Ministries 38 Lisette Andreae and Karl Kaiser The institutional consequences of growing intersocietal interaction 38 Representation abroad under the new conditions of transnational interaction 40 The primacy of foreign policy over departmental policy 42 Policies of specialized ministries in conflict 46 Conflicts in competence delineation 48 Mechanisms for co-ordination 49 Transnational networks 51 External relations and foreign policy vii

3 viii Contents 4 The Federal Intelligence Service and Foreign Policy Decision-Making 58 Hans-Georg Wieck The legal mandate of the BND 58 The BND in the government information system 60 Denning the mandate 61 Implementing the mandate and gathering intelligence 62 International co-operation 65 Executive tasks of the BND 67 The need for reform New Challenges for the Foreign Service 70 Hans-Friedrich von Ploetz Structural change in foreign policy 70 The changing tasks of the Foreign Service 74 The Foreign Service in a period of adjustment 77 Perspectives 84 Acknowledgement Part III Cross-Sectional Topics and Foreign Policy-Making 6 National Decision-Making Structures for German European Policy 89 Werner Hoyer The Federal Government 90 Co-operation between Federal Government and legislative branch 94 Promoting competence in European affairs \7) Security Policy: National Structures and Multilateral Integration 102 Lothar Riihl " New risks to security Formal competences and procedures 104 Informal procedures and new actors 107 Weaknesses in the political process and possible corrective measures The Formulation of Economic Policy within the Context of Increasing International Integration 117 Horst-Dieter Westerhoff The national shaping of foreign economic policy 117 The formulation of EU economic policy 123

4 Contents ix The formulation of international economic policy 129 Improving national instruments Decision-Making in Environmental Foreign Policy 139 Wolfgang Fischer and Petra Holtnip The national level 140 The level of the European Union 147 Environmental foreign policy and the need for reform Part IV Political System, Society and Foreign Policy tf9) The Role of the Bundestag in German Foreign Policy 157 Joachim Krause The functions of the Bundestag in foreign policy 158 The Bundestag as a foreign policy actor 160 Summary ClV\ External Representation of German Lander Interests 173 Michele Knodt Interpretations of the Lander role in foreign relations 174 'The external representation of Lander interests in European policy 175 Parallel paradiplomatic strategies of the Lander 180 Conclusions Foreign Policy Influence and Transnational Relations of Political Parties 189 Sebastian Bartsch Organizational structures 190 The role of political parties in linking foreign policy to society 190 Foreign policy, parties and parliamentary practice 193 Government, coalition and party 195 Transnational party co-operation 198 Conclusions and outlook 200 Acknowledgements Political Foundations: Linking the Worlds of Foreign Policy and Transnationalism 206 Sebastian Bartsch Political foundations in the foreign policy network 206 The extent of international activities 208 Foreign policy relevance 211

5 x Contents 14 SI Glorious past, uncertain future Acknowledgement Societal Intermediary Organizations Karl Kaiser and Markus Mildenberger Objectives, activities and regional emphases Societal external relations Mass Media, Public Opinion and Foreign Policy Frank Brettschneider Media change and democratic foreign policy Media content and its generation Media reporting and public opinion «Public opinion and foreign policy Conclusion Acknowledgements Public Attitudes and Elite Attitudes: towards a New Foreign Policy Consensus? Christian Hoist The importance of foreign and security policy attitudes Long-term orientations The relationship between elite and popular opinion Summary Acknowledgements Organized Interests and Foreign Policy Jiirgen Hartmann The articulation of interests in the European Union Public interests Conclusions Policy Advice and Foreign Policy-Making Manfred Mols Functions and prerequisites for realization Institutions Activities Influence in decision-making Acknowledgements

6 V'Part V Conclusion Contents xi 19 Precarious Power: Germany at the Dawn of the Twenty-First Century 293 Gunther Hellmann Key concepts 294 Stabilizing Germany's regional environment 295 Global challenges 301 The future of German foreign policy: conclusions and some advice from Bismarck Index 312