NASA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CREATING SOCIETAL BENEFITS

Transcription

1 NASA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CREATING SOCIETAL BENEFITS NASA Operational Entities Science, Technology Applications Operations

2 National Aeronautics and Water from snow melt California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California Timing of runoff Precipitation forecasts Water conveyance infrastructure Future Water Availability Ecosystem health Levee integrity Salinity intrusion Evapotranspiration Groundwater storage Integrated modeling/prediction

3 Principal Investigator: Thomas H. Painter, JPL/Caltech Bruce J. McGurk, McGurk Hydrologic, and Frank Gehrke, CA DWR

4 Snowmelt Runoff Forecasting Dozier 2012 In 1 of 5 years, forecast errors are greater than 40%. Half the time, they are greater than 20%. These come from poor data and poorly constrained science.

5 Snow pillows melt, we go blind MODSCAG 3 April 2002

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7 Spring Data Collection - Weekly

8 Snow Water Equivalent (m) SWE Tuolumne River Basin 21 April 2013

9 Albedo Albedo Tuolumne River Basin 21 April 2013

10 RESULTS

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19 ASO time series of snow water equivalent Tuolumne Basin 2013

20 USGS PRMS Hydrologic Budget

21 5/15/2013 5/16/2013 5/17/2013 5/18/2013 5/19/2013 5/20/2013 5/21/2013 5/22/2013 5/23/2013 5/24/2013 5/25/2013 5/26/2013 5/27/2013 5/28/2013 5/29/2013 5/30/2013 5/31/2013 6/1/2013 6/2/2013 6/3/2013 6/4/2013 6/5/2013 6/6/2013 6/7/2013 6/8/2013 6/9/2013 6/10/2013 6/11/2013 6/12/2013 6/13/2013 6/14/2013 6/15/2013 6/16/2013 ASO update National Aeronautics and Improved Estimates for Water Management in California Hetch Hetchy inflow forecasting Spring 2013 Forecast without ASO Obs. HH Inflow (cfs) Raw PRMS basin_cfs ASO PRMS basin_cfs Actual With ASO The JPL ASO team s prediction of water inflow into Hetch Hetchy Reservoir in cubic feet per second(shown in red) was modified on June 1, 2013 based on snow water equivalent (SWE) data from the NASA/JPL Airborne Snow Observatory. The new forecast (shown in purple) provided a factor of 2 better estimate of the actual inflow (shown in blue) and enabled water managers to optimize reservoir operations in its first year. Tom Painter, JPL

22 Summary ASO provides a more complete picture of basin snow water storage for water management End to end ASO operations (hardware, software, data products) have been demonstrated ASO data will likewise improve snow science in the US and globe Substantial value to the Western US in having an operational system

23 UAVAR pixel resolution = 22 ft. National Aeronautics and Airborne Monitoring of the Sacramento Levees and California Aqueduct Cathleen E. Jones, July 19, 2013

24 Airborne Monitoring of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta Critical Infrastructure: The Levees Over 60 reclaimed islands surrounded by 1100 miles of levees Most islands lie below mean sea level. Collects run-off from approximately 2/3 of the state via the Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers. Supplies water to ~2/3 of the residents of California and to almost all of the agriculture of the Central Valley. THE DELTA IS THE MOST CRITICAL WATER RESOURCE IN CALIFORNIA. 24

25 Airborne Monitoring of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta UAVSAR: Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle Synthetic Aperture Radar We conduct UAVSAR flights to image the Delta every ~6 weeks from 3 different directions to detect changes in the levees and measure subsidence rates. Blind Point Peninsula, Jersey Island, western Sacramento Delta The UAVSAR L-band radar is housed in a pod flown on the NASA G-3 platform, shown here in flight over Edwards Air Force Base. 25

26 Airborne Monitoring of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta Post-Impact Levee Monitoring Bradford Island damaged levee: On August 28, 2009 a ship rammed the north levee on Bradford Island. This image showing the impact location was made using UAVSAR data collected on 7/17/09 and 9/10/09. We have been using the UAVSAR radar to monitor the repaired levee for changes since the damage occurred. Impact Location Bradford Island north levee damage, Sept [photo courtesy of Ca. DWR] 26

27 Airborne Monitoring of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta Seepage Early Warning of Seepage June 7, 2011 Emergency Response During Major Flood Events Ca.DWR is interested in applying these types of technique to find leaks in the California Aqueduct. 27

28 Suisun Marsh, California National Aeronautics and Airborne Monitoring of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta Conclusions Radar remote sensing provides monitoring of seepage and deformation over large areas at one time. Our pilot project with Ca. DWR and DHS to monitor levees in the delta has established a baseline to monitor small-scale critical infrastructure for operation integrity, flood management, emergency response, and water resource management. Transition to operational operational program desirable Collaborators on work shown: Joel Dudas (Ca. DWR); Dr. Gerald Bawden (USGS); Dr. Steven Deverel (HydroFocus, Inc.); Dr. Sang-Ho Yun, Dr. Scott Hensley (JPL) 28

29 Groundswell: Using Imaging Radar to Monitor Groundwater Withdrawal and Recharge Tom G Farr tom.farr@jpl.nasa.gov Presented to California Water Commission, 19 Jun

30 Hydrology 101: Aquifer compaction Galloway et al., 1999

31 Continuing Subsidence in the Central Valley Zhen Liu, Vince Realmuto, Tom Farr, JPL

32 Subsidence, Groundwater Discharge Remote sensing maps and measures subsidence and rebound which correlates with groundwater withdrawal and recharge Developing a new project with the California Department of Water Resources (DWR) will extend the time series to 2013 The NASA L-band SAR mission will ensure continuity of these critical data sets

33 Wrap Up DWR Leveraging NASA Remote Sensing Investments and Expertise: 1. Snow pack storage and melt rates 2. Levee / infrastructure subsidence and seepage 3. Groundwater withdrawals / deformation correlations models in all cases Large area, high resolution information products Operational benefits Information needs apply to many western states