From Hot Water to Hydrogen

Transcription

1 From Hot Water to Hydrogen Bringing Geothermal Power to Alaska Presented by: Bernie Karl SMU Geothermal Conference June 12 th, 2007

2 Chena Hot Springs

3 Chena Hot Springs Semi remote site Electric Power 30 /kwhr Load 180kW-380kW

4 Chena Hot Springs Semi remote site Electric Power 30 /kwhr Load 180kW-380kW $1000/day in diesel fuel at $2.50 per gallon $365,000 per year in fuel costs at today s price

5 Chena Hot Springs VISION: To become a self-sustaining community in terms of energy, food, heating and fuel to the greatest possible extent

6 Chena Hot Springs MISSION: To encourage renewable energy and sustainable community development throughout Alaska To make Alaska a leader in renewable energy development

7 Forming Partnerships with: University of Alaska (Horticulture, Geophysical Institute, Mining, Geology) Southern Methodist University Department of Energy Alaska Energy Authority Denali Commission United Technologies Corporation Golden Valley Electric Association REAP (Renewable Energy Alaska Project)

8 Energy Use at Chena Hot Springs (total 850 kw eq ) 23% 58% 12% 3% 4% Electricity Transportation Refrigeration Supplemental Heating Baseload Heating

9 District Heating First geothermal well drilled in March 1998

10 District Heating First geothermal well drilled in March 1998 All buildings on property are heated geothermally using ~300gpm of 165 F water Estimated yearly savings of $183,000 in heating fuel coats Moose Lodge, 20,000ft 2 heated solely with geothermal district heating system

11 Greenhouse & Gardens First greenhouse established in 2004 as a joint project between Chena Hot Springs and UAF Producing crops for onsite use on a year-round basis

12 Greenhouse & Gardens First greenhouse established in 2004 as a joint project between Chena Hot Springs and UAF Producing crops for onsite use on a year-round basis New 5000ft greenhouse recently completed for 2006 season Heated from geothermal wells but could operate off any waste heat source

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14 Greenhouse & Gardens Geothermally Heated Greenhouse #2 at Chena Hot Springs Resort

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24 CHENA HOT SPRINGS ABSORPTION CHILLER Monument Creek Provides Cooling Water (~40F) Geothermal Wells Provide Hot Water (~165F) Approximately 15 tons of Refrigeration Required for Ice Museum (180,000 BTU per hour)

25 Conventional Wisdom for Absorption Chilling & Power Generation Cycles: T 230ºF > =

26 Conventional Wisdom for Absorption Chilling & Power Generation Cycles: T 230ºF > =

27 Conventional Wisdom for Absorption Chilling & Power Generation Cycles: T 165ºF > =

28 Chena Geothermal Power Plant

29 United Technologies UTC Fire & Security Security & Fire Protection Pratt & Whitney Aircraft Engines, Gas Turbines & Space Propulsion Carrier Heating, Cooling & Refrigeration Otis Elevators, Escalators & People Moving Systems United Technologies Corporation (UTC) UTC Research Center Technology Advancement UTC Power On-site & Transportation Hamilton Sundstrand Aerospace & Industrial Sikorsky Helicopters

30 United Technologies Carrier Heating, Cooling & Refrigeration Pure Cycle 200 Product Development UTC Research Center Technology Advancement UTC Power On-site & Transportation

31 Chena Geothermal Power Plant 400kW net; installed in 2006 Uses 1060 gpm of 165ºF water Air and water cooled Reduced local cost of power from 30 to 5 Total project cost $2.2 million Efficiency <10%

32 Chena Power Plant

33 Chena Power Plant

34 Chena Power Plant Only First Lowest new Geothermal temperature Power Plant in US for Alaska this power year Power resource Plant used in generation in the world

35 Carrier Chiller T Motor Compressor Condenser Evaporator/Cooler Heat Out Condenser Throttle Valve Compressor Motor Evaporator/Cooler Power In Refrigeration Cycle Heat In

36 Carrier Turbine Generator Vapor Compression Cycle (VCC) Heat Out Condenser Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) Heat In Vapor Generator Expansion Valve Comp Motor Pump Turbine Generator Evaporator/Cooler Power In Condenser Power Out Heat In Diffuser Impeller Heat Out Required Modifications Nozzle Impeller Motor Oil Pump TRANSMISSION INLET EXIT 19 XR225 Centrifugal Compressor Generator Oil Pump TRANSMISSION 19 XR225 Radial Turbine EXIT INLET

37 Chena Power Plant Turbine Condenser Evaporator Pump

38 Chena Power Plant Turbine Condenser Evaporator 165F Water from our production well enters the evaporator and boils the refrigerant Pump

39 Chena Power Plant The high pressure vapor refrigerant is expanded through the turbine Condenser Turbine Evaporator Pump

40 Chena Power Plant Turbine Condenser Evaporator Pump The turbine impeller spins a generator, producing electricity

41 Chena Power Plant Condenser deg F cooling water enters the condenser from a cold Turbine water well and condenses the refrigerant Pump

42 Chena Power Plant Turbine Condenser Evaporator Pump The 25lbms/sec of liquid refrigerant is pumped back into the evaporator at high pressure

43 Chena Power Plant

44 Chena Power Plant

45 Chena Power Plant Well #7 500gpm, 165F Water Discharged to Monument Creek 3000ft 2700ft, 1500gpm

46 Cold Water Supply

47 Cold Water Supply

48 August 20 th Official Opening Chena Geothermal Power Plant

49 Project Awards and Recognition 2006 Green Power Leadership Award (EPA and DOE) Project of the Year Renewable Energy Category Power Engineering Magazine PowerGen Conference 2006

50 Geothermal Energy is an ideal base load doesn t depend on sun, wind, rainfall. 99% Availability is common. Cannot respond quickly to load fluctuations

51 Battery and UPS System UPS System (MGE) Batteries 3MW Total

52 Battery and UPS System ORIGINAL CONFIGURATION 400kW Diesel Genset 200kW Cat 3306Diesel Gensets Inverter/Batteries 480VDC/480AC 480VAC Output

53 Battery and UPS System 400kW Diesel Genset Excess Power to Charge Batteries 200kW Cat 3306Diesel Gensets Inverter/Batteries 480VDC/480AC 480VAC Output

54 Project Expenses Power Plant Cost is $1300/kW installed Infrastructure costs an additional $1.8 million Big expenses included UPS system and 7000ft of pipeline Maintenance costs are expected to stay the same or decrease (currently ~$50,000/year) Payback period calculated to be 4 to 5 years

55 Project Economics Offset $160,000 of diesel fuel in 4 months of operation in 2006 Has created 3 new skilled positions Has increased electric use onsite by 40% in the last Quarter of 2006 Has operated with 95% availability

56 Project Challenges Minor refrigerant leak in flex tube installed in bypass line (repaired in 36 hours)

57 Project Challenges Some freezeup and low water table problems during winter months with water cooled system

58 Project Challenges Installation of air cooled condenser eliminated freeze up problems

59 Continuous reservoir monitoring program implemented Shallow Data Remote wells (blue tones) TG-10 boundary of deep anomaly with current drilling?? Lowest temperature gradients are 2-3 times the regional background.

60 Project Challenges OIL TSAT over 110 deg (inadvertent closure of 10 inch valve) Alarm 26 High low side pressure (High Oil Tsat) Condenser fans on Manual Control RunState OilSumpP OilTsat EvapExitP 0 12/23/ :28 12/23/ :43 12/23/ :57 12/23/ :12 12/23/ :26 12/23/ :40

61 Project Challenges Production Injection

62 Chena Geothermal Power Plant

63 Chena Geothermal Power Plant

64 Chena Power Plant - Current Wall mount location of disconnect Strainer and Flow meter Injection Well Pump Control Room ORC #2 ORC #1 20ft 70ft Overhead Door Door 150ft

65 Chena Power Plant - Future Wall mount location of disconnect Strainer and Flow meter Injection Well Pump Control Room ORC #2 ORC #1 Modular Units 200kW and 1MW 20ft 70ft Overhead Door Door 150ft

66 There s a better way to do it find it

67 CHENA HOT SPRINGS RESORT Mile 56 Chena Hot Springs Rd, Fairbanks, AK (907) Bernie Karl Proprietor, Chena Hot Springs Resort (907)