Soil management Sustainable reuse of excavated soils and sediments related to Waste directive. Co Molenaar

Transcription

1 Soil management Sustainable reuse of excavated soils and sediments related to Waste directive Co Molenaar

2 Contents 1. Obligations Waste directive (excavated soils) 2. Dutch figures and legislation 3. Basic principles for sustainable land management 4. Background values and standards Fit for use 5. Practical instruments Soil function, soil quality, soil application map Central soil application register 6. Implementation 2

3 1. Obligations Waste directive light polluted soils is sewage not polluted soil is excluded to get rid of.. possibility of general rules by sustainable reuse collectors, transporters, intermediaries and applicants have to be registered chronological register: amount, source, transport etc. period inspections and penalties by exceeding the rules 3

4 2. Dutch legislation Soil protection act Dutch decree on sustainable land management and (stone) building materials (Soil quality decree) Competent authorities municipalities (435) water quality authorities (26) 4

5 2. Dutch legislation (2) Task competent authorities: implement local soil management policy administration and acceptation of soil re-use and application of building materials inspection and maintenance of soil re-use and application of building materials 5

6 2. DUTCH LEGISLATION (3) Definition useful application: constructive works (dikes, roads, sound barriers) elevation of land on agricultural, residential or industrial areas in order to improve soil quality application on contaminated sites in order to manage risks on the site shallow former sand mining sites in order to improve water quality and nature development restore sediments in the aquatic system application of sediments on landside 6

7 2. Dutch figures (4) Inhabitants 17 million Surface km² Municipalities 435 LAND USE AGRICULTURE / NATURE RESIDENTIAL INDUSTRY INFRASTRUCTURE RIVERS / LAKES %

8 Dutch figures (5) Soil management figures: Application of soil 60 million tons/year primary (clean) sand 20 million tons/year reuse of lightly contaminated soil Turnover 200 million euro/year Sediments adaptation for climate change and waterway maintenance million tons/year Re-allocation in river system/ North Sea 8

9 3. Basic principle: standstill Applicable soil should be of better or the same quality as the soil it is BACKGROUNDVALUE RESIDENCE INDUSTRY INTERVENTIONVALUE applied upon AGRICULTURE NATURE RESIDENCE INDUSTRY REMEDIATION 9

10 3. Basic principle: fit for use (2) Applicable soil should be of a quality competent for the function of the site it is BACKGROUNDVALUE RESIDENCE INDUSTRY INTERVENTIONVALUE applied upon AGRICULTURE NATURE RESIDENCE INDUSTRY REMEDIATION 10

11 3. APPLICATION MATRIX (3) LAND USE AGRICULTURE RESIDENCE INDUSTRY /NATURE Site specific SOIL QUALITY AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURE / NATURE / NATURE / NATURE / NATURE RESIDENCE AGRICULTURE RESIDENCE RESIDENSE / NATURE INDUSTRY AGRICULTURE RESIDENCE INDUSTRY / NATURE 11

12 4. Soil Quality Standards BACKGROUND VALUES FIT FOR USE WHAT DO WE WANT TO PROTECT? DEFINED LANDUSE FUNCTIONS FOR EACH LANDUSE FUNCTION DEFINED RISK LEVELS FOR: 1. HUMANS 2. ECOLOGY 3. AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS 12

13 Background values (2) 1. BASELINE SURVEY 100 SAMPLING LOCATIONS STRATIFIED SELECTION: SOIL TYPE LANDUSE NO SUSPECTED ANTROPOGENIC CONTAMINATION DEPTH: TOPSOIL 0-10 cm SUBSOIL cm 2. CHEMICAL ANALYSIS = 252 COMPOUNDS 3. COSTS = 1.5 MEuro 4. BACKGROUND VALUES TOPSOIL DATA 95 % PERCENTILE VALUES 13

14 RISK-BASED SOIL QUALITY STANDARDS(3) PROTECTION OF: 1. HUMAN HEALTH 2. ECOSYSTEMS: SOIL FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES ANIMALS PLANTS 3. QUALITY OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS 14

15 DERIVATION OF SOIL QUALITY STANDARDS (4) POLICY: TARGET SPECIES TO PROTECT LEVEL OF PROTECTION SCIENCE: TOXICITY OF COMPOUNDS MODELLING OF EXPOSURE 15

16 DEFINED RISK SCENARIO S (5) LANDUSE ECOLOGICAL HUMAN - HUMAN PROTECTION CROP INGESTION CONSUMPTION RESIDENCE AVERAGE LIMITED AVERAGE KINDERGARTEN AVERAGE NONE AVERAGE VEGETABLE GARDEN AVERAGE HIGH AVERAGE AGRICULTURE AVERAGE LIMITED AVERAGE NATURE HIGH NONE LOW ROADSIDE SHOULDERS MODERATE NONE LOW INDUSTRY MODERATE NONE LOW 16

17 Example Lead (6) LANDUSE ECOLOGICAL RISKS HUMAN AGRICULTURAL RISKS NATIONAL RISKS VALUE RESIDENCE KINDERGARTEN VEGETABLE GARDEN AGRICULTURE NATURE ROADSIDE SHOULDERS INDUSTRY

18 5. Practical instruments (1) Soil quality map: 1. Excludes contaminated sites 2. Local background values 3. Soil analyses derived of soil investigations carried out for the purpose of land-change or building permits 4. More or less homogeneous areas History Geomorphology Chemical features Soil quality Soil physical features (peat, sand, clay) 18

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20 5. Practical instruments (2) Soil function map: Dominant formalised soil function Actual use Three functions: 1. Agriculture/nature 2. Residential 3. Industrial/ roads/ railroads 20

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23 5. Practical instruments (3) Central soil application register: Waste directive: Soil is in many cases waste Every EU-member must register the useful application of waste Problem: 435 municipalities 26 water quality authorities = 461 registers 23

24 Basic principal of the register (3a) Soil applier Competent authority Soil application register Soil+ Information on soil application Direct communication National authority Access to the register 24

25 National register (3b) Web-based form Easy access Simple procedures Investment 1 Million euro Helpdesk and maintenance: 1,5 fte 25

26 6. Implementation Communication Local policy making Helpdesk Addressing practical issues total effort = 10 fte + 2 Million/euro year 26

27 6. Implementation (2) Local policy making Advising consultants National funding Helps decision making Enhances collaboration regional Puts soil on the agenda of spatial planning Committee of implementation 27

28 6. Implementation (3) First monitor (2008) Fresh policy, many questions Local implementation in full process Helpdesk and addressing practical issues is vital for public acceptance New soil standards are fully accepted Local policy making takes time (1-3 years) Inspection and maintenance of soil re-use by competent authorities is insufficient 28

29 Main challenge to protect the soil quality and to reuse soil and sediment Protection Costs 29