Annual Renewables Questionnaire Overview

Transcription

1 Annual Renewables Questionnaire Overview Energy Statistics Training Paris, Oct. 6 10, 2014 Loïc Coënt & Rémi Gigoux Annual Renewables Statistics

2 OVERVIEW Renewable energy in the world Renewables energy sources IEA annual questionnaire On-going challenges Uses of the data

3 RENEWABLE FUELS IN THE WORLD 2012 TPES (Electricity trades excluded) Renewables Oil 27.7% Natural Gas 22.4% Coal 30.6% Other* 0.4% Nuclear 5.1% Renewables 13.2% Hydro 2.5% Biofuels and waste 10.3% Geothermal 3.8% Solar, Tide 1.7% Wind 2.5% Hydro 17.9% Biofuels and waste 74.1% Renewable mun. waste 0.9% Liquid biofuels 3.6% Solid biofuels/ charcoal 68.0% Other ren** 1.1% Biogases 1.6% 13,371 Mtoe 1,764 Mtoe * Other includes electricity from energy sources not defined above such as non-renewable wastes, peat and chemical heat. ** Other renewables includes geothermal, wind, solar and ocean energy

4 CLASSIFICATION Renewables and Waste Non-combustible electricity-only Non-combustible electricity and heat Combustible fuels with stock changes Hydro Wind Tide, Wave, Ocean Geothermal Solar thermal Industrial Wastes Municipal Solid Wastes Non- Renewable Renewable Non- Renewable Solar photovoltaic Solid biomass Biogas Liquid biofuels

5 CLASSIFICATION NON-COMBUSTIBLE RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES Wind Tide, Wave, Ocean Energy Capture Electricity production FIRST PRACTICAL POINT OF MEASUREMENT Solar photovoltaic Hydro PRIMARY ENERGY FORM = ELECTRICITY

6 CLASSIFICATION OTHER NON-COMBUSTIBLE RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES Geothermal Solar thermal Energy Capture Exports Energy Transformation Direct Use Electricity Production Heat Production FIRST PRACTICAL POINT OF MEASUREMENT: HEAT CAPTURED Imports PRIMARY ENERGY FORM = HEAT

7 CLASSIFICATION GEOTHERMAL RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES Exports Geothermal Energy Capture Energy Transformation Electricity Production Heat Production Direct Use Imports Source:

8 CLASSIFICATION SOLAR THERMAL RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES Exports Solar thermal Energy Capture Energy Transformation Electricity Production Heat Production Direct Use Imports Source:

9 Industrial Wastes CLASSIFICATION COMBUSTIBLE RENEWABLE AND WASTE FUELS Municipal Solid Wastes Exports Stock Build Primary Electricity Production Solid biofuels Charcoal Collection / Production Energy Transformation Heat Production Biogases Direct Use Blended with conventional energy forms Biogasoline Biodiesels Imports Stock Draw Other liquid biofuels

10 CLASSIFICATION COMBUSTIBLE RENEWABLE AND WASTE FUELS Industrial waste Non-renewable origin (renewable reported as solid biofuels, biogas, or liquid biofuels) Municipal solid wastes From households, commercial and public services, hospitals Renewable: the portion which is biodegradable material Non-Renewable: the portion which is nonbiodegradable Solid biofuels - organic, non-fossil material Wood, wood wastes and other solid wastes Charcoal

11 CLASSIFICATION COMBUSTIBLE RENEWABLE AND WASTE FUELS Biogases From anaerobic fermentation (i.e. Landfill gas, Sewage Sludge gas, Other Biogases) From thermal processes Liquid Biomass Biogasoline Bioethanol (ethanol from waste) Biomethanol (methanol from waste) BioETBE (ethyl-tertio-butyl-ether) from bioethanol Biodiesels Methyl-ester from vegetable or animal Biodimethylether (dimethylether from biomass) Fischer Tropsh from biomass Cold pressed biooil (oil from oil seed) Other Liquid Biofuels Bio Jet Kerosenes

12 Table 1: Gross Electricity and Heat Production Table 2: Supply, Transformation, Energy Sectors, End-Use STRUCTURE OF ANNUAL QUESTIONNAIRE Table 3: Technical Characteristics of Installations Net Maximum Capacity (electricity) Solar Collectors Surface Liquid Biofuels Plants Capacity Average Net Calorific Values Table 4: Production of Solid Biofuels and Biogases Table 5: Imports by country of origin Table 6: Export by country of destination

13 TYPES OF ELECTRICITY AND HEAT PLANTS Electricity Only CHP Heat Only Main Activity Producer Autoproducer Report all production and all fuel used Report all electricity and heat produced and all fuel used Report all electricity produced and heat sold with corresponding fuel used Report all heat produced and all fuel used Report heat sold and corresponding fuel used

14 TABLE 1. GROSS ELECTRICITY AND HEAT PRODUCTION Country

15 TABLE 1. GROSS ELECTRICITY AND HEAT PRODUCTION Country X X X X

16 TABLE 1. GROSS ELECTRICITY AND HEAT PRODUCTION Country X X X X X

17 TABLE 1. GROSS ELECTRICITY AND HEAT PRODUCTION Country Hydro is broken down by plant size and electricity from pumped storage is reported separately Hydro 2 Hydro-1 MW 3 Hydro 1-10 MW 4 Hydro 10+ MW 5 Pumped Hydro 6

18 TABLE 1. GROSS ELECTRICITY AND HEAT PRODUCTION Country

19 TABLE 1. GROSS ELECTRICITY AND HEAT PRODUCTION Country Report all heat produced Report heat sold to third parties only

20 COMMODITY BALANCE FORMAT Exports Stock Build Transformation Secondary Energy Primary Energy Indigenous Production Final Consumption End-Users Imports Stock Draw Supply Inland Consumption

21 TRANSFORMATION VS. ENERGY SECTORS Transformation Sector Fuel used for the conversion of primary forms of energy to secondary (e.g. biogases to electricity) Fuels used for the transformation to derived energy products (e.g. wood transformed to charcoal in a charcoal production kiln) Energy Sector Fuels consumed by the energy industry to support fuel extraction transformation activities

22 TABLE 2. SUPPLY, TRANSFORMATION, ENERGY SECTORS AND END USE Country 13 energy products 60 flows divided into 6 sections Supply Transformation Sector Energy Sector Industry Sector Transport Sector Other Sectors

23 TABLE 2. SUPPLY, TRANSFORMATION, ENERGY SECTORS AND END USE Country =

24 TABLE 2. SUPPLY, TRANSFORMATION, ENERGY SECTORS AND END USE Country

25 TABLE 2. SUPPLY, TRANSFORMATION, ENERGY SECTORS AND END USE Country = + + +

26 TABLE 3. TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS Country Unit = MWe 2011 ELECTRICAL (or other data: ) CAPACITY NET MAXIMUM CAPACITY CLASSIFICATIO N BY TECHNO LO GY Hydro 1 9,538 Hydro-1 MW 2 9 Hydro 1-10 MW Hydro 10+ MW 4 7,867 Pumped Hydro 5 1,490 Geothermal 6 0 Solar Photovoltaic Solar T hermal 8 3 Tide, Wave and Ocean 9 0 Wind 10 0 Industrial Waste 11 0 Municipal Waste 12 0 Wood/Wood Wastes/Other Solid Wastes Landfill Gas Sludge Gas 15 0 Other Biogas 16 0 Other Liquid Biofuels 17 0 A Row 1: This item should be equal to the sum of items 2,3,4 and 5. Row s 2, 3, 4: Net of pumping

27 TABLE 3. TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS

28 TABLE 4. PRODUCTION OF SOLID BIOFUELS AND BIOGASES TABLE 2

29 TABLE 5: IMPORTS TABLE 6: EXPORTS Country TABLE 5: Imports by Country of Origin TABLE 6: Exports by Country of Destination Country of Origins

30 INTERRELATIONSHIP OF QUESTIONNAIRES Electricity production Electricity and Heat Questionnaire questionnaire Table 1 Heat production Table 1 Gross Electricity and Heat Production Table 34 Technical Characteristics of of the the Installations at at the the end of of the the Year year Capacity Electricity and and Heat Questionnaire questionnaire Table 7a 7A Natural Gas questionnaire Table 1 Biogases Table 2 Table 2 Supply, Transformation, Supply, Transformation and Energy Sectors = Transformation Energy Sectors + and Energy Energy + Distribution end use = Losses Transformation + Final Energy + Energy Consumption + Distribution Losses + Final Energy Consumption Liquid biofuels Renewables as binding agents Oil Oil Questionnaire questionnaire Table 1 Coal Questionnaire questionnaire Table 1 Table 4 Production of Solid Biofuels and Biogases Table 5 Imports Table 6 Exports

31 DATA QUALITY CHECKS Integers, negative numbers, sums Percentage differences with prior year Breaks in series Shifts in product classification Comparisons to other questionnaires Calorific values Statistical differences Transformation efficiencies Utilization rates

32 ON GOING CHALLENGES Scattered production/consumption data Not all renewable and waste energies flow through conventional systems Multitude of individual small installations Lack of standardized estimation methodology

33 USES OF THE DATA Renewable Information book Electronic online files Energy balances CO 2 emissions Data support for other IEA divisions/other organizations Country reviews Analysis - Assessing security of supply - Evolution of efficiencies - Environmental impacts Making policy and business decisions

34 Exercise Preparation 1. Production of electricity and heat 2. Transformation 3. Transformation vs. Direct use 4. Biomass: Energy vs. Non-Energy 5. Liquid biofuels 6. Production vs. Capacity

35 Production of Electricity and Heat Table 1. Gross Electricity and Heat Production Electricity Produced in MWh Heat Produced in TJ

36 Production of Electricity and Heat Table 1. Gross Electricity and Heat Production

37 Transformation Table 2. Supply, Transformation, Energy Sectors, and End Use

38 Transformation Table 2. Supply, Transformation, Energy Sectors, and End Use Charcoal production: Input Wood Charcoal Transformation Plant Output Charcoal Efficiency = Output / Input (energy units) Efficiency of charcoal production plants 25% - 40%

39 Transformation Table 2. Supply, Transformation, Energy Sectors, and End Use Example: NCV of charcoal: 30 TJ/kton Charcoal output in TJ: 35 kton x 30 TJ/kton = 1050 TJ Efficiency: 1050 TJ/3000 TJ = 35%

40 Transformation vs. Direct Use Solar Thermal Direct Use Transformation Electricity Production Heat Production (sold to third)

41 Biomass: Energy vs. Non-Energy Energy use of Biomass (Fuel) is included (e.g. wood for cooking, heating, charcoal transformation). Non-energy use of Biomass is NOT included (e.g. wood used for furniture, animal waste used as fertilizers).

42 Liquid Biofuels Table 2. Supply, Transformation, Energy Sectors, and End Use Renewables Questionnaire Oil Questionnaire Quantities of Biofuel Total Volume Trade Not blended Blended Final Consumption Not blended Blended Example: A country produces 1000 tonnes of a biodiesel blend containing 10% biodiesel and exports half of the production. In the Renewables Questionnaire, report 100 tonnes of Biodiesel. Exports should be reported in the Oil Questionnaire because the it is a blended product.

43 Production vs. Capacity Utilization rate: For Example, Wind electrical capacity = 28 MW Net annual electricity production = MWh Utilization rate = MWh/(28MW * 24 h/d * 365 d/y) = 18% Utilization rate should never exceed 100% and depends on the technology and energy source.

44 THANK YOU

45 Voting Button Question Where would do you classify Geothermal Energy? 1. Electricity only 2. Electricity and Heat 3. Combustible fuel with stocks

46 Voting Button Question Where would do you classify Geothermal Energy? 1. Electricity only 2. Electricity and Heat 3. Combustible fuel with stocks