PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF 5 MWp GRID-CONNECTED SOLAR PV POWER PLANT USING IEC 61724

Transcription

1 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF 5 MWp GRID-CONNECTED SOLAR PV POWER PLANT USING IEC Brijesh Kumar Gautam 1, Farhan Ali Khan 2, Ajeet Singh 1, 2 PG Student [CSE], Dept. of EIE, HCST, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India Assistant professor, Dept. of ECE, HCST, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India *** Abstract Now a das observing the performance of a large number of solar PV power plants commissioned is necessit to match the demand of a countr. In past decade all over the world has gained information on variation in predicted outputs over different operating conditions. Real operating conditions shows a difference in output from expected values due to the dependence of field variables. A 5 MW Solar PV power plant is studied here and the operational experience during the ear 216 is evaluated. The field data such as solar irradiance, wind, ambient temperature, module temperature, dc and ac power output are recorded at a regular interval using SCADA software. All the performance parameters mentioned in IEC is calculated using the recorded data. Additionall, various losses, efficiencies and capacit utilization factor are obtained. Final ield of the plant showed a variation from. h/d to 5.5 h/d with an annual value of.72 h/d. Annual Performance ratio for the ear 216 is 7.2 %. Plants variation in output with respect to PV sst simulated results is compared and showed a variation in Performance ratio of 6.5 %. Transformer failure is found to be the reason for the reduction in Performance ratio. Response of plant to different climatic condition is studied b considering dail operation in different seasons. Plant s performance is also compared with different power plants around the world. This stud shows that the plant is operating satisfactoril and could be improved further b improving the proper maintenance of its components. Ke Words: PV Sst, PR (Performance Ratio), SCADA, IEC 61724, CUF (Capacit Utilization Factor), Yf (Final Yield) etc. 1. INTRODUCTION The National Solar Mission was launched on the 11th Januar, 21 b the Prime Minister. The Mission has set the ambitious target of deploing 2, MW of grid connected solar power b 222 is aimed at reducing the cost of solar power generation in the countr through (i) long term polic; (ii) large scale deploment goals; (iii) aggressive R&D; and (iv) domestic production of critical raw materials, components and products, as a result to achieve grid tariff parit b 222. Mission will create an enabling polic framework to achieve this objective and make India a global leader in solar energ. Further, Government has revised the target of Grid Connected Solar Power Projects from 2, MW b the ear to 1, MW b the ear under the National Solar Mission and it was approved b Cabinet on 17th June 215. Worldwide energ consumption has been speedil growing since the initiation of industrial revolution and is expected to rise at a further high rate in the coming ears. The lack of fossil fuels and its ecological effects has led to the exploration of renewable energ to meet future energ demand. Among renewable energies, solar energ is the most favorable source which is abundant and eco-friendl. In recent ears solar energ technolog has been developed enough to become a trustworth source of large scale power production. This technolog advancement leads to the installation of MW to GW power plants all over the world. Since the solar PV power production and reliabilit are sensitive to the field conditions performance analsis of PV power plants are essential to promise optimal performance. 1.1 Solar Photo Voltaic Power Plant A solar power plant is based on the conversion of sunlight into electricit, either directl using photovoltaics (PV), or indirectl using concentrated solar power (CSP). Photovoltaics converts light into electric current using the photoelectric effect. In 216, the largest photovoltaic power station in the world was the 85MW Longangxia Dam Solar Park, in Gonghe Count, Qinghai, China. As of April 217, India ma have the largest solar plant with MW of the 1, MW alread commissioned at the Kurnool Ultra Mega Solar Park. 2. PARAMETERS REQUIRED FOR DESIGNING & THE PROCESS OF EXTRACTION THROUGH VARIOUS SOURCES & SYSTEMS A draft technique for designing of grid-connected sstems was set which will be modernized from time to time (in the progress of the design of the Mega Watt gridconnected sstem) until a standard technique is developed which can be used to replicate the design of large-scale gridconnected solar PV sstems. The draft technique comprises the following stages; 217, IRJET Impact Factor value: ISO 1:28 Certified Journal Page 281

2 1. Assessment of the solar radiation data for the location from various institutions such as the (NASA)American Space Agenc, Solar Radiation Resource Assessment - NIWE, IREDA, National Solar Radiation Database (NSRDB). Good simulation software s also have inherent solar radiation data which can be used for this similar purpose. 2. Take a land map b using map of the location showing the various sites that can be used for the project.. Check the various locations on the land use map and modernize where necessar. 4. Identif grid access and requirement for grid Connection. 5 Find the dimensions of the lands to be used. 6. Valuation of lands and the effect of shading on the lands through nearb buildings, mountains and trees. 7. Finalization of suitable lands and estimate the total area available PV sstem design. 8. Get solar PV information from various solar suppliers both locall and internationall. This information should include all the parameters like tpe, cost, size, weight, etc.. Prepare the laout of the sstem for each of the Module mounted on the lands.. Energ output and efficienc variations This is the simplest wa of analzing a power plant. The dail energ output of plant is calculated b integrating the power output reading over 24 hours of each da. Average of all das in a month is used for the monthl energ comparison. Energ output of arra (dc energ) and energ fed to the 66 kv feeder line (ac energ) is calculated separatel. The variation of average dail energ output of each month is plotted in Figure 1. Transformer failure has caused a drop in ac energ in the month of Jul. Interpolating the graph will show an average loss of around 17 units per da for the entire month. Y f. 1 Performance Analsis Performance analsis done using IEC is compared with the modeled values simulated using PV sst software. For the comparison stud, the plant is designed in PV sst software in the same wa as it is done in actual conditions. The expected performance parameters obtained from the PV sst software are compared with the calculated values obtained from data. Table1 shows the comparison of Final ield for various months. Most of the months have shown a percentage deviation of less than %. A highest deviation of 21 % is observed in August. Calcu lated PV Sst Table-1: PV Sst Generated Simulink Result Jan Feb Mar Apr Ma June Jul Aug Sep t Oct Nov De c Annual Performance ratio obtained from simulation result is 78.1 while actual value calculated from data for the ear 216 is 7.2.The low value of Performance ratio is due to the zero performance in Jul. Annual final ield is obtained as 4.7 h/d in software simulated result and the calculated annual final ield is.725 h/d..2 Performance comparison with PV st simulation results DC Energ (KWh) AC Energ (KWh) Performance analsis done using IEC is compared with the modeled values simulated using PV sst software. For thecomparison stud, the plant is designed in PV sst software in the same wa as it is done in actual conditions. Simulation result is shown in Figure-2. Jan Mar Ma Jul Sept Nov Figure -1: Monthl average dail energ output variations 217, IRJET Impact Factor value: ISO 1:28 Certified Journal Page 282

3 Figure-2: PV Sst Generated Simulink Result Figure-: PV Sst Generated Simulink Result (Energ Produced) 217, IRJET Impact Factor value: ISO 1:28 Certified Journal Page 28

4 Figure- shows the total Energ Produced during the ear data of the plant at certain conditions & Figure -4 illustrates the losses over the whole ear using PVsst b which the output will be effected. Results & Future Scope The following parameter shown below shows the difference observed on analsis of a plant: Performance Ratio (Calculated) = 7.2 Performance Ratio (PvSst) = 78.1 Annual Average Final Yield (Calculated) =.72 KWh/(KWp-da) Annual Average Final Yield (PvSst) = 4.7 KWh/(KWp-da) Variation in Performance Ratio = 6.5 % Variation in Final ield = 21.5 % To improve the performance ratio b optimizing the certain conditions: How to minimize the Conversion losses. B improving the storage conditions. How to get maximum radiation on modules at perpendicular inclination at cheaper cost. B doing PVsst analsis of solar power plant and monitoring we have found actual location of issues and number of issues in the solar power plan. i.e. the losses due to solar panel faults. Previous methods used were not able to optimize the performance of the jajru plant. So man a times problems remains unnoticed in the sstem which cause power loss to the PV plant. This method clearl distinguishes between issues and reasons of power losses. So it is ver efficient and time saving approach for monitoring the solar plants. It gives me a relativel quick result and gives with reliabilit. I have used PVsst as software and IEC as a standard for evaluation. PVsst Software I have used for analzing the plant b making similar conditions as actual power plant.. So it saves time and reliable compare to other conventional method of analsis of solar power plant. It will definitel help in future to examine the solar panel in less time with lots of cost saving and with reliabilit Figure-4: PV Sst Generated Simulink Result (Loss Diagram) 4. CONCLUSIONS Performance ratio is greater than.7 for all months. Overall efficienc shows a variation from. % to 11.7 % which is a rather good value since the loss of one transformer and ac cable losses are also included in it. The highest value of Performance Ratio is found.8 in June and the lowest PR value is.7 in November. Even with higher irradiation and energ output this lower PR value in the months, Januar to March and October to December is due to the capture losses. Annual Performance Ratio obtained from simulation result is 78.1 against the actual value calculated from data for the ear 7.2. The deviation is found to be 6.5 %. 217, IRJET Impact Factor value: ISO 1:28 Certified Journal Page 284

5 Comparison with other power plants of different operating conditions has shown a better performance in this 5 MWp Solar PV power plant. However the losses incurred due to the outages were the reason for not attaining a maximum performance. REFERENCES [1] K. Padmavathi, S. Arul Daniel. Performance analsis of a MWp grid connected solar photovoltaic power plant in India, Energ for Sustainable Development 17 (21) [2] Brson Rupnik and Owen Westbrook, Ambient Temperature Correction of Photovoltaic Sstem Performance Data, Juwi solar Inc., Boulder, CO, 81, USA [] Decker B, Jahn U. Performance of 17 grid connected PV plants in Northern German analsis of ields and optimization potentials. Solar Energ Vol. 5, Nos. 4-6, pp , 17. [4] IEC. Photovoltaic sstem performance monitoring guidelines for measurement, data exchange and analsis. IEC standard Geneva, Switzerland; 18. [5] IEA (International Energ Agenc), Analsis of Long- Term Performance of PV Sstems-Different Data Resolution for Different Purposes, International Energ Agenc Photovoltaic Power Sstems Programme, Report IEA-PVPS T1-5:214. [6] IEA (International Energ Agenc), Energ from the Desert: Ver Large Scale PV Power Plants for Shifting to Renewable Energ Future. IEA PVPS Task8,External Final Report IEA-PVPS, Februar 215. [7] H. Mitavachan, Anandhi Gokhale, B. R. Nagaraju, A. V. V. Redd, D. C. Krishnamurth and J. Srinivasan Performance of a megawatt-scale grid-connected solar photovoltaic power plant in Kolar District in Karnataka, Report IISC-DCCC 11 RE 1 August 211. [8] Marion, B (et al). "Performance Parameters for Grid-Connected PV Sstems". NREL. August 212 BIOGRAPHIES Er. Brijesh Kumar Gautam Solar Chartered Engineer Associate Member(IEI, Kolkata) 217, IRJET Impact Factor value: ISO 1:28 Certified Journal Page 285