Innovation in Green Building Technologies District Cooling and Seawater Cooling. The Business Case for Green Technologies

Transcription

1 Innovation in Green Building Technologies District Cooling and Seawater Cooling Keywords: Seawater Cooling District Cooling COP Costing, Payback Net Zero Certification IPD Green Building Certification Data Mining Water & Electricity Savings The Business Case for Green Technologies Gareth Gates

2 INDEX 1. WHY DO WE DO WHAT WE DO? 2. HOW WE DO IT? 3. INFRASTRUCTURE RELIANT ON SILO DISTRICT COOLING PLANT 4. COOLING REQUIREMENTS OVERVIEW 5. OVERALL BUILDING COOLING AND HEATING REQUIREMENTS 6. LAYOUT OF HEAT EXCHANGERS 7. LAYOUT OF DISTRICT COOLING PLANT CHILLERS 8. COMPARISON OF ELECTRICAL LOADS 9. WATER SAVINGS 10. ELECTRICAL USAGE CONVENTIONAL DC VS SEAWATER DC PLANT 11. ELECTRICAL SAVINGS 12. PAYBACK PERIOD 13. DATA MINING: COP ANALYSIS OF DC PLANT 13. DATA MINING: CHW COOLING/M² COMPARISON

3 1. WHY DO WE DO WHAT WE DO? The V&A Waterfront is a property development company. We want to continue growing. We believe that investments into green building technologies pays off. We are regarded as one of the best Waterfronts in the world and a premium tourist destination. In order for us to continue growing we have to improve our utilization of resources including water, electricity, types of materials used and waste recycling. We see ourselves as advocates for sustainability; we believe that by championing sustainability we can influence others to follow suit. We believe that sustainability from a social, environmental and economic perspective is all part of the same eco system. To leave a positive legacy and influence our immediate environment and community in a sustainable way. 3

4 2. HOW WE DO IT? We actively monitor our cost to income ratio. As a precinct, maintaining positive growth is important. Investments into green building technologies helps us to drive down cost. We actively look for opportunities to invest into green building technologies with a payback period of less than 8 years When developing new buildings we look for ways to optimize energy usage i.e. the installation of PV Cells (1455 kwp installed to date - going up to 3000 kwp) We install variable speed drives, which together with advanced use of Building Management System algorithms, control HVAC installations. We use borehole water for irrigation and make use of drip irrigation. We install building cooling technologies like the kw Seawater plant that cools down the new SILO District Buildings. 4

5 2. HOW WE DO IT? (CONTD.) Building Date Certified Rating Achieved Rating Applied No. 1 Silo February stars Design (Office v1) No. 1 Silo June stars As Built (Office v1) No. 2 Silo July stars Design (Multi Unit Residential v1) No. 5 Silo November stars Design (Office v1) Waterway House October stars Design (Office v1.1) Merchant House March stars Existing Building Performance Victoria Wharf April stars Existing Building Performance West Quay January stars Existing Building Performance Watershed September stars Existing Building Rating Future Green Buildings to be certified: 12 buildings. Implementation of Net Zero Energy Building Ratings. Actively searching the market for new technologies by performing Patent and Citation searches and analysis. All Green Developments to have a minimum 4-star rating. 5

6 2. HOW WE DO IT - BUSINESS LINK? Retail Cost Categories Cleaning Security Landscapping Repairs & Maintenance Insurance Letting Fees and Commissions Bad Debts Electricity, 26% Other Operating Costs Tenant Installation Costs IPD Benchmarks Electricity Rates and Taxes Municipal Charges Indirect Cost 6

7 2. HOW WE DO IT - BUSINESS LINK? Commercial Cost Categories IPD Benchmarks Electricity, 36% Cleaning Security Landscapping Repairs & Maintenance Insurance Letting Fees and Commissions Bad Debts Other Operating Costs Tenant Installation Costs Electricity Rates and Taxes Municipal Charges Indirect Cost Commercial buildings like hospitals, cold storage dormitories, automotive workshops will consume more energy 7

8 3. INFRASTRUCTURE RELIANT ON SILO DISTRICT COOLING PLANT Clocktower Silo 2 Silo 3 Silo 1-Allan Gray Silo 4 Grain Silo Hotel Silo 5 Zeitz MOCAA Silo 6-Radisson Red 8

9 Grain Silo Hotel 748 kw 6 234m² 873 mtco²/annum 3. LAYOUT OF SILO DISTRICT COOLING PLANT ZEITZ MOCAA 923 kw 7 689m² 1077 mtco²/annum SILO 6-Radisson Red Hotel kw 9720m² mtco²/annum SILO kw m² mtco²/annum Clocktower kw m² mtco²/annum Oldest Building. Not designed with Green Building principles SILO 1- ALLAN GRAY 2160 kw m² mtco²/annum SILO 4- Virgin Active Gym -573 kw 3 950m² 553 mtco²/annum SILO 3 Residential kw 9 933m² mtco²/annum 4. COOLING REQUIREMENTS OVERVIEW 9

10 5. OVERALL BUILDINGS HEATING AND COOLING REQUIREMENTS Building CHW for Cooling PCW for Cooling HHW for Heating Building Cond. Water for Domestic Hot water Heating Clocktower 1250 kw 1043 kw 1042 kw N/A Zeitz MOCAA Grain Silo Hotel 923 kw kw Included in HHW 748 kw kw Silo kw 376 kw 147 kw 168 kw Silo 4 Own chillers 573 kw 0 0 Silo kw 956 kw 668 kw 21 kw Silo kw 350 kw 450 kw 250 kw Total 5694 kw 3298 kw kw 781 kw 63 % 37% 10

11 6. LAYOUT OF HEAT EXCHANGERS The plate heat exchangers are Titanium to prevent fowling due to organic growth with a Heat exchange capacity of over 2000 kw each. Saltwater flowrate= 90.5l/s. Precooled water flowrate= 89 l/s. ΔP=52.74 kpa. Seawater is filtered through filter baskets and 130 micron AMIAD Filters with automatic backwash facility. Max Flowrate 93l/s. Min work pressure- 1.5 Bar. Max work pressure=10 bar Water supply parameters leaving plantroom Chilled water supply(cws): 6 C Chilled water return(cwr): 12 C Heating Hot Water supply(hhws): 45 C Heating Hot Water return(hhwr): 35 C Pre-Cooling water supply(pcs): 18 C Pre-Cooling water return(pcr): 21 C 11

12 6. LAYOUT OF HEAT EXCHANGERS (CONTD.) 12

13 7. LAYOUT OF DISTRICT COOLING PLANT CHILLERS Total capacity cooling : kw Total capacity heating : kw Total capacity Pre-cooling : kw 13

14 8. COMPARISON OF ELECTRICAL LOADS Building Traditional Plant on every building( 8986 kw of cooling) District Cooling without Seawater cooling( Need 8965 kw of cooling) Seawater and District Cooling Plant (5667 kw of Chillers and kw of Seawater Cooling) Clocktower Grain Silo Hotel & Zeitz Mocca Museum Silo 3: Silo 4: ( Has it owns chillers either way) Silo 5 Silo 6 2 x 1043kw + 3 low profile small footprint Cooling Towers+2 chilled water pumps(15kw)+ 2 condensor water pumps(15kw) 2 x 1100kw chillers + 3 Cooling Towers+ 2 chilled water pumps+ 2 condenser water pumps 2 x 600kw chillers + 2 cooling towers+ 2 chilled water pumps+ 2 condenser water pumps 2x 600kw chillers +2 cooling towers 2 x 1000kw chillers + 3 cooling towers + 2 chilled water pumps+ 2 condenser water pumps 2 x 750 kw chillers + 3 cooling towers + 2 chilled water pumps+ 2 condenser water pumps chillers x 1550kw of cooling per chiller and 10 low profile small footprint 750kw cooling towers x 45 kw Duplex steel Grundfoss seawater pumps SWP 1&2: 331m³/hr. H=36m SWP 3&4: 295 m³/hr. H=36m PHE 1,2&5: bar 5 Titanium Heat Exchangers( 1 not 6 x 30 kw condenser water pumps 180 used) PHE 3&4: x 22kw chilled water pumps COWP 1&2: 331m³/hr. H = 29 m 4 X 30 kw Condenser Water Pumps 132 COWP 3&4: 281 m³/hr. H=29 m 60 2 X 22 kw Chilled water pumps CHWP 1&2:221m³/hr. H=23m kw vs 1662 kw vs 1456kw 2x 18.5 kw Chilled water pumps 4 Carrier Chillers( Carrier 30XW- V KW & 23XRV KW) CHWP 3&4:191m³/hr. H= 23m X Atlas Copco Compressors l/s Chiller 1&2: 1550kw.Tri Rotor Variable Speed Chiller 3&4: 2x 1264 kw cooling and 2x 1017kw heating. Dual Rotor Variable Speed 14

15 9. WATER SAVINGS 2,000,000 1,800,000 1,600,000 1,400,000 1,200,000 1,000, , , , ,000 0 Total HVAC Water Usage/Month Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Sep Aug Oct Nov Dec Jan Building Water cost (R ) Sewage Charge Clocktower 76, , Zeitz MOCAA 41, , Grain Silo Hotel 33, , Silo 3 58, , Silo 4 25, , Silo 5 76, , Silo 6 65, , Add 15% for bleed off= R Water charge R 24,54/kl Sewage Charge R 18.86/kl 15.3 million liters of water saved= 620 swimming pools Total Water 667,159 Bleed off 15% Total Water 767,233

16 kwhr 10. ELECTRICITY USAGE: CONVENTIONAL DC PLANT VS SEAWATER DC PLANT kwhr per Month 350, ,000 Heating Demand in Winter Cooling Demand in Summer 250, , ,000 Seawater Cooling assisting 100,000 50,000 0 Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Conventional Plant 261, , , , , , , , , , , ,732 Seawater District Cooling kwhr per month 146, ,827 63, , , , , ,323 65,814 91, , ,605 Months of the year 16

17 11. ELECTRICAL SAVINGS Large Power User Demand Charge Medium Voltage Service Charge/day R kva R kwh R Electrical savings per month Electrical savings per year R 350, R 7,000, R 300, R 6,000, R 250, R 5,000, R 200, R 4,000, R 150, R 100, R 50, R 3,000, R 2,000, R 1,000, R 2,406, R - Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec R Electricity savings smallest in winter since you Heating and not making use of the effect of seawater cooling Electricity savings biggest in April and October since Seawater cooling can provide most of the cooling 17

18 12. PAYBACK PERIOD The difference in plant costs between a DC Plant without seawater and a DC Plant with seawater is: Conventional plant R , and DC Plant is R R (2014). In 2017 this difference equates to R (10% Escalation per annum). Therefore payback period for the difference in investments= R /( )= 4 years. Therefore by 2019 difference in investment is paid off. Chemical cost for water treatment can also be added. R per annum. G-Chem Space that the cooling towers would have taken up on the roof. Decreased rental income due to plant space required. Plant space 6 Bays 180 m². R 2000/month per bay. R per year. R in total Income is also generated from billing R/kwhr for hotwater usage, chilled water usage and precooled water usage.make use of an Metasys Energy Measuring software with BTU meters. Q= mcpδt 18

19 8/23/17 9:00:00 PM CAT 8/25/17 2:30:00 AM CAT 8/26/17 6:20:00 AM CAT 8/26/17 11:50:00 AM CAT 8/26/17 5:20:00 PM CAT 8/27/17 5:50:00 AM CAT 8/27/17 11:20:00 AM CAT 8/27/17 4:50:00 PM CAT 8/29/17 1:40:00 AM CAT 8/31/17 3:10:00 AM CAT 9/2/17 4:50:00 AM CAT 9/2/17 10:20:00 AM CAT 9/2/17 3:50:00 PM CAT 9/2/17 9:40:00 PM CAT 9/3/17 5:10:00 AM CAT 9/3/17 11:00:00 AM CAT 9/3/17 4:30:00 PM CAT 9/3/17 10:30:00 PM CAT 9/5/17 5:20:00 AM CAT 9/6/17 6:30:00 AM CAT 9/7/17 4:50:00 AM CAT 9/9/17 9:30:00 AM CAT 9/9/17 3:00:00 PM CAT 9/9/17 8:30:00 PM CAT 9/10/17 5:30:00 AM CAT 9/10/17 11:30:00 AM CAT 9/10/17 5:00:00 PM CAT 9/10/17 10:30:00 PM CAT 9/11/17 5:10:00 AM CAT 9/13/17 12:50:00 AM CAT 9/13/17 6:50:00 AM CAT 9/14/17 12:20:00 AM CAT 9/15/17 2:20:00 AM CAT 9/15/17 4:50:00 PM CAT 9/15/17 10:20:00 PM CAT 9/16/17 4:00:00 AM CAT 9/16/17 9:40:00 AM CAT 9/16/17 3:10:00 PM CAT 9/16/17 8:40:00 PM CAT 9/17/17 2:10:00 AM CAT 9/17/17 8:30:00 AM CAT 9/17/17 2:00:00 PM CAT 9/17/17 7:30:00 PM CAT 9/18/17 1:00:00 AM CAT 9/18/17 8:10:00 AM CAT 9/19/17 4:00:00 AM CAT 9/20/17 3:10:00 AM CAT 9/22/17 5:10:00 AM CAT 9/23/17 7:00:00 AM CAT 9/23/17 1:40:00 PM CAT 9/23/17 7:20:00 PM CAT 9/24/17 4:50:00 AM CAT 9/24/17 11:00:00 AM CAT 9/24/17 4:40:00 PM CAT 9/24/17 10:10:00 PM CAT 9/25/17 3:50:00 AM CAT 9/26/17 9:00:00 AM CAT 9/27/17 8:00:00 AM CAT 9/29/17 6:20:00 AM CAT 9/30/17 6:20:00 AM CAT 9/30/17 12:10:00 PM CAT 9/30/17 5:40:00 PM CAT 10/1/17 12:30:00 AM CAT 10/1/17 8:40:00 AM CAT 10/1/17 2:10:00 PM CAT 10/1/17 7:40:00 PM CAT 10/2/17 1:20:00 AM CAT 10/4/17 4:10:00 AM CAT FREQUENCY 13. DATA MINING: COP ANALYSIS OF DC PLANT COP of District Cooling Plant 1000 Histogram of COP District Cooling Plant R² = COP= Output Cooling Energy/ Input Electrical Energy minute sample interval More Mean DISTRICT COOLING PLANT COP Standard Error More Median Standard Deviation 5.86 Sample Variance Minimum 6.54 Maximum Sum 41, Count 2, Largest(1) Smallest(1) 6.54

20 9/25/17 5:40:00 AM CAT 9/25/17 9:20:00 AM CAT 9/25/17 11:50:00 AM CAT 9/25/17 2:10:00 PM CAT 9/25/17 4:50:00 PM CAT 9/25/17 7:20:00 PM CAT 9/25/17 11:20:00 PM CAT 9/26/17 6:50:00 AM CAT 9/26/17 11:20:00 AM CAT 9/26/17 2:30:00 PM CAT 9/26/17 5:20:00 PM CAT 9/26/17 9:20:00 PM CAT 9/27/17 12:50:00 AM CAT 9/27/17 5:10:00 AM CAT 9/27/17 11:10:00 AM CAT 9/27/17 12:40:00 PM CAT 9/27/17 2:10:00 PM CAT 9/27/17 3:40:00 PM CAT 9/27/17 5:10:00 PM CAT 9/27/17 6:40:00 PM CAT 9/27/17 8:10:00 PM CAT 9/27/17 10:20:00 PM CAT 9/28/17 4:30:00 AM CAT 9/28/17 6:50:00 AM CAT 9/28/17 9:00:00 AM CAT 9/28/17 10:30:00 AM CAT 9/28/17 12:00:00 PM CAT 9/28/17 1:30:00 PM CAT 9/28/17 3:00:00 PM CAT 9/28/17 4:30:00 PM CAT 9/28/17 6:00:00 PM CAT 9/28/17 7:30:00 PM CAT 9/28/17 9:00:00 PM CAT 9/28/17 10:50:00 PM CAT 9/29/17 12:40:00 AM CAT 9/29/17 2:50:00 AM CAT 9/29/17 8:20:00 AM CAT 9/29/17 10:00:00 AM CAT 9/29/17 11:30:00 AM CAT 9/29/17 1:00:00 PM CAT 9/29/17 2:30:00 PM CAT 9/29/17 4:00:00 PM CAT 9/29/17 9:10:00 PM CAT 10/2/17 5:00:00 AM CAT 10/2/17 6:50:00 AM CAT 10/2/17 8:20:00 AM CAT 10/2/17 9:50:00 AM CAT 10/2/17 11:20:00 AM CAT 10/2/17 12:50:00 PM CAT 10/2/17 2:20:00 PM CAT 10/2/17 3:50:00 PM CAT 10/2/17 5:20:00 PM CAT 10/2/17 6:50:00 PM CAT 10/2/17 8:20:00 PM CAT 10/2/17 9:50:00 PM CAT 10/2/17 11:20:00 PM CAT 10/3/17 12:50:00 AM CAT 10/3/17 2:40:00 AM CAT 10/3/17 5:00:00 AM CAT 10/3/17 6:40:00 AM CAT 10/3/17 8:10:00 AM CAT 10/3/17 9:40:00 AM CAT 10/3/17 11:10:00 AM CAT 10/3/17 2:40:00 PM CAT 10/3/17 4:40:00 PM CAT 10/3/17 6:50:00 PM CAT 10/3/17 9:40:00 PM CAT 10/4/17 12:10:00 AM CAT 10/4/17 9:50:00 AM CAT 10/4/17 11:50:00 AM CAT 10/4/17 1:20:00 PM CAT 10/4/17 2:50:00 PM CAT 10/4/17 4:40:00 PM CAT 14. DATA MINING: CHW COOLING/M² COMPARISON Cooling W/m² Different Buildings on DC & Seawater Silo 3 Silo 5 Silo 6 Grain Silo Hotel Grain Silo Museum Clocktower Building Clocktower 47 w/m² Grain Museum=12w/m² Grain Silo Hotel=13w/m² Silo 5= 10w/m²

21 15. SUMMARY Would like to thank all contributors to the development of the DC Plant. We are looking forward to the next Seawater plant. The business case assist in the implementation of Green Technology Be mindful of keeping a balance between reliability and efficiency as you pioneer forward with technological innovations. Look for opportunities in your business where the business rationale can drive implementation of Green Building Technologies 21

22 THANK YOU