Chapter Four Description of the Environment Potentially Affected by the Undertaking Facility Entrance and Administration Buildings

Transcription

1

2

3

4

5 4.1.2 Facility Entrance and Administration Buildings The main entrance and administration buildings are shown on Figures 4-2 and 4-5. This section discusses the administration-related buildings located near the main entrance. The buildings identified by numbers 27 to 36 and 39 on Figure 4-5 are categorized as administration buildings. The Lambton facility has three entrances from Telfer Road (see Figures 4-2 and 4-3). The main entrance is paved and is the middle entrance located south of the pioneer cemetery. The main entrance is used by visitors, facility employees and all vehicles containing waste material. The southern entrance is the service entrance and is used by the facility shipping and stores office. The northern entrance located just north of the pioneer cemetery is the contractors entrance and is used by landfill construction personnel. The service and contractors entrances are both gravel entrances. The employee parking lot is located north of the main entrance while the visitor parking lot is located south of the main entrance. Together, they provide parking for approximately 130 vehicles. The administration buildings are described below and shown on Figure 4-5: Building 28 Laboratory A one-storey, 580 m 2 structure that contains the facility laboratory. The laboratory is a certified full service facility that handles the analysis of waste and selected samples submitted by Clean Harbors customers. ECA allows for the discharge of air from the laboratory air discharge system. Building 30 Administration Offices A one-storey building with attached trailers approximately 710 m 2 in area. The administration offices consist of offices and boardrooms for facility administration staff. A key function of the administration offices is for visitor and facility entry control in the northern portion of the building. All visitors to the facility and all waste vehicles entering the facility are required to be processed by staff at the gatehouse. Building 27 Household Hazardous Waste Depot A household hazardous waste depot that operates in accordance with ECA A Lambton County and Clean Harbors have jointly provided a household hazardous waste collection program at the facility for the benefit of County residents. Building 32 Hygiene Trailer and Lunchroom Contains a hygiene trailer and lunch room for the site workers. Building 33 Landfill Office Contains the landfill operations offices. Building 34 Transportation Offices Contains the waste transportation offices. Building 39 Training Trailer and Lunchroom Provides the facility workers with a second lunchroom and also acts as a staff training location. Buildings 29, and 36 Contains storage buildings associated with the administration buildings. Associated with the administration buildings are a septic tank, pump chamber and weeping bed. The location of the septic system components are shown on Figure

6 4.1.3 Perimeter Buffer and Berms The Lambton facility has a buffer area around the perimeter of the landfill site. The perimeter buffer area contains the perimeter screening berms, access roads, stormwater swales and ponds / reservoirs, the administration offices and facilities, the Lambton facility entrance and monitoring wells. The various features included in the perimeter buffer area are detailed in the following sections. The Lambton facility is a zoned M4-1 Waste Disposal Industrial according to the St. Clair Township Comprehensive Zoning By-Law, 2003 (zoning by-law) which specifies the following setback distances from the nearest part of the limits of the excavated area used for land filling: Front Yard Depth: Side Yard Width: Rear Yard Depth: 153 m minimum 15 m minimum, except: Where abutting non-industrial zone or a street: 153 m minimum For office, laboratory or maintenance garage: 30 m minimum 30 m minimum, except: Where abutting non-industrial zone or a street: 153 m minimum Within the perimeter buffer area surrounding Cells 16, 17 and 18 is a perimeter screening berm. The top elevation of the perimeter screening berm undulates and is generally between 211 to 212 metres above mean sea level (m AMSL). The external portion of the screening berm is contoured and landscaped. A section on the eastern portion of the berm, adjacent to Cell 16, has been increased in height to approximately m AMSL. This area of the berm provides temporary storage of excavated soils. The berm is lowest in the northeastern section to accommodate a berm access road. The perimeter buffer area, including the perimeter berm, is landscaped with grassed areas, trees and bushes, over a large portion of the Lambton facility. Maintenance and operations buildings are located within the perimeter buffer area along the western property boundary; these areas are discussed in the following sections Vehicle Maintenance Building The vehicle maintenance building is identified as Building 38 on Figure 4-5. The vehicle maintenance building is a service facility for the Transportation Division of Clean Harbors. The vehicle maintenance building contains four vehicle service bays. Adjacent to the vehicle maintenance building is a parking lot for the Clean Harbors transportation equipment. The ECAs for the Waste Management Systems A8581 and A relate to the Clean Harbors waste transportation operations that are operated from the Lambton facility Receiving Office and Fire Pump House South of the transportation vehicle parking lot is the receiving office, equipment stores, fire pump house and external contractor offices and buildings. These are referenced as buildings 40 to 50 on Figure 4-5. The majority of the buildings are mobile type structures and can be moved if required. The service entrance provides access to the receiving office for delivery of equipment and supplies. 4-12

7 The following provides additional information on buildings 40 to 50: Building 40 Fire Pump House A one-storey, steel-sided building that houses the fire pumps and supplies water to the fire system at the facility. Building 43 and 44 Receiving Office Receives the supplies and equipment that are required for operation and routine maintenance at the facility. Buildings 41, 42, 45, 46 and 50 Various structures and containers that are used to store electrical equipment, dry storage, and parts that are required at the facility for routine maintenance and facility operation. Building Contractor offices and storage structures Surface Water Treatment Facility Buildings 51, 52 and 53 on Figure 4-5 relate to the Stormwater Treatment Facility. Building 51 is the monitoring shed for the Equalization Reservoir. Building 52 is a pump house that supplies water to the Surface Water Treatment Plant (SWTP). Building 53 is the SWTP that treats all surface water generated at the facility prior to discharge. The SWTP facility and operations are approved by ECA RZLXL Land Disposal Restriction and Acid/Alkali Pre-Treatment System Buildings East of the administration offices and north of the tank farm is the LDR building and the Acid/Alkali Pretreatment System (AAPS) building. The locations of the LDR and AAPS buildings are shown on Figure 4-6. Building 55 is the pre-test LDR building, 56 is the LDR building and 57 is the AAPS building. Associated with the buildings are various storage silos and tanks for stabilization agents. The AAPS building is approved and operates in accordance with ECA A The purpose of the AAPS building is to blend and neutralize liquid wastes prior to disposal. The AAPS building is a two-storey, steel-sided building with a floor area of approximately 445 m 2. The wastes processed and generated by the facility are either incinerated or disposed of in the landfill depending on the waste characteristics. The AAPS facility accepts waste classes 111 to 114 (acid solutions), 121 to 123 (alkaline solutions), 131 to 135 (aqueous salts) and 141 to 150 (miscellaneous inorganic wastes and mixed wastes). The acids and alkali wastes are stored separately in fiberglass tanks. Based on the materials stored and the material characteristics, a neutralization schedule is developed and the materials are neutralized in a neutralization vessel which is monitored. Once neutralization is complete, the material is transferred to the incinerator for disposal or may be shipped off-site to a suitable waste management facility. Drummed materials are neutralized in a similar manner as the bulk waste. The LDR facility is approved and operates in accordance with ECA A and ECA (air) BJFW. The purpose of the LDR facility is to process solid waste and sludge that require stabilization prior to disposal in the landfill. The LDR facility is a four-storey, steel-sided building with a floor area of approximately 250 m 2. The LDR facility is able to process approximately 200 tonnes per day of waste materials. The wastes are received, tested 4-13

8 and scheduled for stabilization with similar waste materials. The LDR facility has a single 78.4 m 3 mixing vessel. The waste materials are stabilized with fly ash, cement kiln dust or Portland cement. Water is used to promote stabilization during the mixing operation. Once the waste material has been mixed with the stabilization material, the mixed waste is transferred to the landfill for final disposal. Depending on the mixing agent, the mixed waste may have a sludge consistency until the chemical reaction of the stabilization material has been completed Tank Farm The tank farm for liquid waste materials received at the Lambton facility consists of 22 tanks of various volumes. The tanks are used to store specific waste categories that are received by the facility for treatment by the AAPS and disposal by incineration. The location of the tanks is shown on Figure 4-6. The tank farm is located north of the incinerator and south of the AAPS building. The 22 tanks have secondary containment in accordance with regulatory requirements Incinerator The incinerator is located south of the tank farm. The main incinerator building is identified as Building 70 on Figure 4-6. Associated with the incineration building are the baghouse building (Building 72) and the analyzer trailer (Building 73). The incinerator is a high temperature liquid injection incinerator that provides a secure, environmentally-safe destruction option for hazardous liquid wastes, which cannot be further recycled due to their chemical composition. The incinerator is approved and operates in accordance with ECA A031813, ECA G5MSP and ECA (Air) The incineration operation is summarized as follows: Blended feeds of "rich" materials (high heat value) and "lean" wastes (low heat value, mostly water) are injected into the incinerator s primary and secondary zones through a series of spray nozzles. In the primary zone, operating at temperatures above 1,300C with a residence time of at least two seconds, organic compounds in the waste are destroyed instantaneously with a destruction efficiency of 99.99%. The incineration process breaks the waste down into water, carbon dioxide, nitrogen and trace compounds. In the incinerator s spray dryer, a fine mist of water and lime is introduced to neutralize acid gases and cool down the flue gas. Powdered activated carbon (PAC) is then used to trap tiny particles in the gas to capture mercury, dioxins and furans. Introduced in 2003, the PAC system effectively reduced emissions of these substances by over 80%. Before exiting the stack, the flue gas passes through the baghouse which operates like a vacuum cleaner trapping residual particles (ash). The baghouse removes particulate from the flue gas before the gas enters the stack. Four modular units, each containing 408 bags, capture the tiny ash particles on the outside of the fabric bags allowing the filtered gas to pass through and enter the base of the stack. Baghouse cleaning is performed using a pulse-jet cleaning system to inject a short burst of dry air into the top of each bag in a row by row sequence. Enclosed rotary valves and conveyors transfer the particulate collected in the baghouse into intermediate conveyors where the particulate is collected in bags for disposal in the on-site landfill. 4-14

9 Emissions from the baghouse are monitored using an opacity meter. The meter is sensitive enough to detect even a few bad bags. While particulate levels and opacity are not directly linkable, it is known that low particulate levels result from a well-functioning baghouse, thereby confirming the good working order of the baghouse. This incinerator ash is disposed of in the landfill. Leachate generated by the landfill operations is also disposed of in the incinerator in accordance with the incinerator approvals Thermal Desorber Unit The TDU processes waste materials that have excess water or organic contaminants that must be processed prior to landfill disposal. The waste materials typically handled by the TDU are sludge, sediments, filter cakes and soils. The TDU facility is east of the North Process Water Pond and consists of buildings 14 through 23 that are shown in Figure 4-4. The TDU is approved and operates in accordance with ECA A and ECA (Air) N6L9N. The TDU process consists of a material receiving area and mixing area, the desorber and the gas treatment system, various material transfer equipment and control facilities. The desorber is a horizontal cylinder that mixes and conveys the solids which are heated indirectly to remove the water and organic vapours from the material. The gas generated by the desorber is condensed and the water or liquid organics are recovered for disposal in the incinerator. The solid material that has been desorbed is transferred to the landfill for final disposal. The gas treatment train consists of a cyclone, two condensers, two demisters, a knockout pot, a blower and process vent Spent Pot Liner Treatment SPL waste is the refractory brick and graphitic electrode material generated by the primary aluminum smelting industry and reacts with water to produce various gases. SPL waste is received at the Lambton facility for disposal. If the reactivity of the SPL waste received is below the maximum allowable value of 1 L/kg/hr, it can be landfilled as received provided that the material does not have any leachate contaminants requiring LDR treatment. However, if its reactivity exceeds 1 L/kg/hr, it must be pre-treated to reduce its reactivity before it can be treated for LDR or landfill disposal. The SPL processing and treatment area is shown on Figure 4-4. The air discharge from the SPL treatment is approved by ECA N5TS4 and the processing is approved by ECA A The treatment for SPL waste is hydrolyzed in specialized roll-off / lugger containers. The maximum number of these containers that may be treated at any one time is six. Water and/or oily water are added into the roll-off / luggers using a vacuum truck. At the end of the hydrolysis process the excess water is vacuumed and transferred to the facility s lean tanks for disposal through the incinerator. The wet sludge is solidified using incinerator ash, fly ash, carbonaceous waste or other reagents depending on the treatment recipe and is sent to the landfill for disposal Organic Debris Treatment The Lambton facility accepts and processes organic debris defined by the LDR regulation as macro encapsulation the technique that coats the waste with a layer of carbonaceous material (having approximately 4-15

10 5% carbon content) in a matrix of cement kiln dust or Portland cement. This is accomplished by either placing the material in a mixing pit, adding carbon and mixing the material with an excavator until sufficiently mixed then loading the treated material into a rock truck and disposing of it in the active landfill cell; or disposing of the material directly in the landfill cell and adding carbonaceous material to the debris. The Organic Debris Treatment Area is shown on Figure Miscellaneous Infrastructure Throughout the Lambton facility, miscellaneous infrastructure is present that relate to ongoing operations. These components are relatively small in size and relate to storage areas, process and stormwater transfer systems, or site monitoring. The following are the main miscellaneous infrastructure at the facility: Equipment maintenance shop for landfill equipment, Building 13 (Figure 4-4). Clean container storage area and off-loading enclosure, constructed in 2012, located on the east side of the facility, north of the East Surface Water Pond (also referred to as East Surface Water Reservoir) near buildings 61 and 62 (Figure 4-6). Equipment laydown areas and container storage areas, located south of the TDU and east of the LDR / AASP and Incinerator (Figure 4-6) Water Management Surface water, process water and leachate are also managed on-site prior to discharge or destruction. The water generated by storm events consists of three types of water which are defined and managed as follows: 1. Surface water is stormwater that is generated from the undeveloped portions of the site, perimeter berms, and capped / closed areas of the Lambton facility that are not active with regard to waste disposal operations. The surface water is routed though drainage swales to either the East or West Surface Water Reservoirs. The water in the East Surface Water Reservoirs is required to be pumped to a swale that drains to the West Surface Water Reservoir. The surface water is treated as per ECA RZLXL and directed for retention to the on-site Equalization Reservoir. Before subsequent off-site discharge is permitted, surface water retained in the Equalization Reservoir is sampled and tested to meet the discharge criteria as specified in the ECA. When criteria are satisfied, surface water retained within the Equalization Reservoir is discharged, by the facility operators, via a gated channel to the municipal drainage ditch located off-site along the eastern side of the Telfer Road side ditch. 2. Process water is stormwater that is generated from the operational areas of the Lambton facility that are used for the receipt and processing of waste, internal roadways on which waste is transported, areas where waste equipment is parked or stored and areas of the landfill where interim cover has been placed. Process water is used in the incinerator process and as such is considered to be an asset to Clean Harbors. Recent ECA Number RZLXL approved the future construction and operation of a 189 L/min PWTU that will discharge to the on-site Equalization Reservoir prior to release to the Telfer Road ditch. The PWTU has not been constructed by Clean Harbors at this time. 3. Leachate is stormwater that contacts waste in the active landfill area of the facility. Leachate is pumped from the active landfill area and is directed to the two covered leachate ponds where it is stored until it is disposed of via the on-site incinerator. 4-16

11 Stormwater management has general management issues related to the Lambton facility development. The very flat topography means that ditches have very shallow grades that reduce the flow velocity and are subject to localized ponding. Winter conditions can also create temporary culvert blockages due to ice build-up Surface Water Stormwater runoff from undeveloped portions of the Lambton facility, perimeter berms, capped areas and closed landfill cells is managed through two different methods: 1. The surface water runoff generated on the external sides of the perimeter berms and from the undeveloped portions of the buffer is drained directly into perimeter ditches or roadside ditches. 2. The stormwater runoff that is generated on the interior side of (i.e., within) the perimeter berms and from the capped / closed areas of the site is conveyed via internal drainage swales to the East or West Surface Water Reservoirs (Figure 4-7). The East Surface Water Reservoir is 175 m long, 73.5 m wide and 4 m deep and receives surface water from a total drainage area of 52.3 ha through the East Ditch and the Centre Ditch. The stormwater that is received is generally from the northern and eastern part of the facility. The drainage area is shown on Figure 4-8. The total storage volume of the East Surface Water Reservoir, the East Ditch and the Centre ditch is 68,600 m 3. Surface water from the East Surface Water Reservoir is discharged through two 250-mm-diameter pipes to a pump station. Surface water from the northern area of the facility (western part of Cell 17 and 18) is required to be transferred by pump and culvert to the eastern ditch system. As part of this transfer system a culvert has been installed under the access road to allow the transfer across the process water catchment area (Figure 4-8, just east of TDU area). The pump station contains one pump with a rated capacity of 16.0 L/s at 5.6 m of total dynamic head. The pump station pumps the surface water from the East Surface Water Reservoir to the South Ditch, which is located adjacent to the south property line. The South Ditch conveys surface water by gravity to the West Surface Water Reservoir. The West Surface Water Reservoir is 195 m long, 45 m wide and 4.0 m deep and receives surface water from a total drainage area of 42.7 ha through the South Ditch. The drainage area is shown on Figure 4-8. The total storage volume for the West Surface Water Reservoir and the South Ditch is 48,500 m 3. The West Surface Water Reservoir discharges to the SWTP located to the north of the reservoir. The SWTP has a rated treatment capacity of 4,500 m 3 /day. The plant is shown on Figure 4-7 and as Building 53 on Figure 4-5 and contains the following components: Two influent pumps (one on standby), each with a rated capacity of 22.7 L/s at 310 kilopascals (kpa). Two sand filters, one activated carbon filter, and one equalization reservoir. Effluent from the surface water treatment facility, compliant with ECA criteria, is discharged to, and retained within the Equalization Reservoir (with a storage volume of 4,500 m 3 and overall dimensions of 37 m long, 26 m wide and 6.7 m deep) before subsequently being discharged, at the discretion of the facility operators, via a gated channel to the municipal drainage ditch located along the eastern side of Telfer Road. 4-17