Summary of Preparatory Study for Development Study (M/P)

Transcription

1 Summary of Preparatory Study for Development Study (M/P) 1. Title of the Cooperation Project The Study on Integrated Water Resources Management for Poverty Alleviation and Economic Development in the Pampanga River asin 2. Type of the Study Master Plan Study 3. Categorization and its Reason Category: This project aims to coordinate among organizations/agencies for achieving integrated water resources management (IWRM) in the project area. There is possibility of certain impact arises when the IWRM Plan, which will come out in the end of the study with assistance of JICA Study Team, become effective. The environmental and social consideration shall only be checked up because no actual project will be implemented during the Study. 4. Name of the Project Proponent National Water Resources oard (NWR) 5. Outline of the Project Due to the economic importance stated in the Medium Term Philippine Development Plan ( ), Pampanga river basin is selected to pursue a study on integrated water resources management (IWRM). JICA will undertake the Study in accordance with the relevant laws and regulations enforced in Japan, in close cooperation with NWR and relevant organizations. The Study has the following objectives: (1) To formulate an IWRM plan for the Pampanga River asin in coordination with relevant organizations. (2) o transfer relevant skills and technologies on IWRM to personnel of NWR as well as relevant organizations. The Study is divided into two phases: Phase I: asic Study 1

2 1) Collection of existing data and information a) Socio-economic profile b) Natural conditions and its monitoring system c) Water utilization d) Water related disasters (flood and sediment disasters, drought, land subsidence, etc.) e) Laws and regulations f) Existing database related to water resources 2) Collection of existing plans of water-related projects/programs - Agriculture (irrigation, livestock, fishery, etc.) - Urban and rural water supply - Sewerage and sanitation - Hydropower generation - Water related disasters - Environmental management (forestry, water quality, riparian environment conservation, coastal management, etc.) - Regional development (land use, tourism, etc.) 3) Field observations 4) Analysis a) Water demand projection b) Estimation of water resources potential c) Water quality analysis d) Flood and sediment disaster e) Social and economic impact 5) Review and evaluation of proposed projects/programs related to water - Viability (technical, economic and financial aspects) - Equity and rationality - Water resource availability in quantity and quality - Environmental and social impacts - Duplication with other projects/programs - Potential conflict - Necessity of coordination - Others if any 6) Arrangement of collected data and information into a database Phase II: Formulation of an IWRM Plan 2

3 1) Identification of problems and issues in the asin from the IWRM context 2) Setup of policy guidelines for an IWRM plan in the asin 3) Conceptual plan of additional projects/programs 4) Preparation of alternatives of an IWRM plan 5) Formulation of an IWRM plan - Sectors/areas/projects coordination plan - Water demand management plan - Water resources development and management plan - Urban and rural water supply plan - Sewerage and sanitation plan - Hydro-power generation plan - Flood and sediment control plan - asin environment management plan - Operation and maintenance plan - Other plans if necessary 6) Plan for legal and institutional framework for environmental and social considerations 7) Prioritization of the projects/programs in the IWRM plan 8) Scheduling of the IWRM investment plan 9) Stakeholders meetings and consultations 10) Workshops and seminars 6. Outline of the Location (1) Population Population of four provinces of ulacan, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga and Tarlac which consist of the Pampanga River asin is 6,583,513 in total in ased on census data in 1980 and 2000, population growth rate is 1.71, and more than double in ulacan Province. (2) Race/Religion Malayan is the major race, however there exists of indigenous groups - Dumagat, Ilongot, Igorot, Ibaloi, Aeta and Kalinga - in the Philippine. As for religion, 83% of the total population is Roman Catholics, 10% follows other Christians and 5% follows Islam. (3) Land use Pampanga river basin is known as the rice granary of the Philippines. For instance, land use in ulacan Province shows as 37% for agriculture, 29% of forest, 23% of grasses/shrubs, 85 for fishponds and others. (4) Climate 3

4 The basin is located mostly in a Type I climate region, and the peak runoff month is typically August, and annual precipitation is 2,015mm. (5) Geology The basin extends over the southern slopes of the Caraballo Mountains and the western slopes of the Sierra Madre Range. The level plain of the basin was formerly a sea that has been filled with several hundred meters of marine and continental sedimentary deposits. (6) Hydrology The Pampanga River originates in the Caraballo Mountains and flows in a southerly direction to its mouth in Manila ay, joining tributaries Rio Chico-Talavera River near Mt. Arayat and the Angat River in Sulipan. As for groundwater, it s difficult to use in the Sierra Madre Mountains, and saltwater intrusion has been observed in lower Pampanga delta. (7) Conservation area There is no proclaimed protected area (NIPAS: National Integrated Protected Areas) in the asin. However, three national parks and two watershed forest reserves Pantabangan and Angat have been designated. (8) Ecosystem The Candaba Swamp covers 33,000 ha in the center of Pampanga delta. The main impoundment, about 300 ha, is important staging and wintering area for waterfowls. A part of the area is designated as a bird sanctuary by the local government. (9) Water quality Water qualities in Pampanga river basin almost meet the environmental standards classified by DENR-EM at the moment. 7. Legal Framework of Environmental and Social Consideration (1) Law Laws related to the Philippine environmental impact assessment system are as follows: - Presidential Decree No (1977): Philippine Environmental Policy - Presidential Decree No (1978): Establishing an Environmental Impact Statement system - Administrative Order No. 42 (2002): Rationalizing the implementation of the EIS system - DENR-Administrative Order No. 30 (DAO ): Implementing rules and regulations for the EIS system - Procedural Manual for DAO : Guideline for the Philippine EIS system (2) Competent Agency In accordance with the Constitutional Law in 1987and EO No. 192, the Department of 4

5 Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) has been established to be the primary agency responsible for the conservation, management, development, and proper use of the country s environment and natural resources. The roles and duties of DENR are as follows: Assure the availability and sustainability of the country's natural resources through judicious use and systematic restoration or replacement, whenever possible; Increase the productivity of natural resources in order to meet the demands for forest, mineral, and land resources of a growing population; Enhance the contribution of natural resources for achieving national economic and social development; Promote equitable access to natural resources by the different sectors of the population; Conserve specific terrestrial and marine areas representative of the Philippine natural and cultural heritage for present and future generations. (3) Project to be subjected The following are the categories of projects/undertakings under the EIS system: Category A: Environmentally Critical Projects (ECPs) with significant potential to cause negative environmental impacts. Category : Projects that are not categorized as ECPs, but which may cause negative environmental impacts because they are located in Environmentally Critical Areas (ECAs). Category C: Projects intended to directly enhance environmental quality or address existing environmental problems not falling under Category A or. Category D: Projects unlikely to cause adverse environmental impacts. Water related projects which correspond to the Category A or required of EIS are as follows: - Dams: Reservoir area is 25 ha or more, or capacity is 20 million cubic meters or more - Hydropower facility: Impounding volume is 20 million cubic meters or more - Reclamation project: 50 ha or more - Water supply system: more than six production wells and other systems - Irrigation system: service area is 1,000 ha or more - Impounding system or Flood control project: Reservoir (flooded area) is 25 ha or more - Other than oil pipeline: length is 50 km ore more Further, Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) is required if the planned project shall be executed in the ECAs protected area, national park or bird sanctuary. 5

6 (4) Stakeholders Participation Proponents should initiate public consultations early in order to ensure that environmentally relevant concerns of stakeholders are taken into consideration in the EIA study and the formulation of the management plan. All public consultations and public hearings conducted during the EIA process are to be documented. The public hearing/ consultation Process report shall be validated by the DENR-EM and shall constitute part of the records of the EIA process. Stakeholders may include the followings in the procedural manual : - Persons living or working within the identified impact areas; - Persons with properties in the impact areas; - Persons living or working in within the boundaries of the impact areas; - Organized interest groups (such as NGOs and POs) operating in the impact areas; - Industry representatives in the impact areas; - Local government units (LGUs); - Indigenous cultural communities in the impact areas; - Local institutions (church, school) in the area; and - Concerned national agencies. No guideline has been published for the public consultation, however basic requirements for the Public Hearing defines as follows: 1) Expense In coordination with DENR, the proponent shall cause the public hearing at its own expense. 2) Selection of the Venue The venue must be neutral, it is not identified or associated with a party who is in favor or against the project. 3) Public Hearing Officer A hearing officer need not be a lawyer nor a DENR personnel. A professional moderator/facilitator who possesses the necessary qualifications may be designated as hearing officer. 4) Public notice The proponent shall cause the publication of public hearing once a week for two consecutive weeks in any newspaper of general circulation with second publication undertaken at least 15 days prior to the scheduled hearing. 6

7 5) Conducting a Public Hearing Public Hearing shall be conducted in two parts; presentation and Q &A. The presentation should be comprehensive and clearly communicated in the language that would be easily understood by the public. An interpreter should be readily available in the local dialect, if necessary. 6) Documentation Post-Public Hearing The proponent must document all public hearing and submit within 5 working days to the authority and the public hearing officer. The hearing officer shall submit a Public Hearing Report within 10 working days to the authority. 8. Provisional Scoping A checklist for provisional scoping is as follows: Impact Rating rief Description 1 Involuntary resettlement involuntary resettlement shall be considered in case. 2 Local Economy In case some development work is included in IWRM Plan, consideration on local economy shall be required. 3 Land use and utilization of local resources impact on land use and utilization of local resources shall be considered. Social Environment Social institutions such as social infrastructure and decision-making system Existing social infrastructure and services The poor, indigenous and ethnic people Misdistribution of benefit and damage 8 Cultural heritage C 9 Local conflict of interest D No negative impact is expected. impact on existing social infrastructure and services shall be considered. consideration on the poor, indigenous and ethnic people shall be required. consideration on misdistribution of benefit and damage shall be required. Since the areas of cultural heritage are partial, project activities may not affect on them. There is possibility of conflict between waterworks and irrigation when certain project shall be planned. There is possibility of conflict between waterworks and irrigation when certain project shall be planned. 10 Water usage and water rights 11 Sanitation D No negative impact is expected. 7

8 Natural Environment Pollution Hazard (risk) and infectious diseases Topography and geological features 14 Soil erosion 15 Groundwater 16 Hydrological situation 17 Coastal zone 18 Flora, Fauna and biodiversity D No negative impact is expected. impact on topography/geological features shall be considered. impact on soil erosion shall be considered. impact on groundwater system shall be considered. impact on hydrological condition shall be considered. impact on the coastal zone shall be considered. consideration on flora, fauna and biodiversity shall be required. 19 Meteorology D No negative impact is expected. 20 Landscape 21 Global warming C impact on the landscape shall be considered. There is low possibility of impact on global warming caused by project included in IWRM plan.. 22 Air pollution D No negative impact is expected. 23 Water pollution 24 Soil contamination C 25 Wastes C 26 Noise and vibration 27 Ground subsidence C impact on the water quality shall be considered. There is low possibility of occurrence soil contamination caused by project in IWRM plan. There is low possibility of impact by wastes caused by project included in IWRM plan.. consideration on noise and vibration shall be required. There is low possibility of impact on ground subsidence caused by project included in IWRM plan.. 28 Offensive odor D No negative impact is expected. 29 ottom sediment C 30 Accidents There is low possibility of impact on bottom sediment caused by project included in IWRM plan.. the risk of accidents shall be considered. 8

9 [Rating] A: Serious impact is expected. : Some impact is expected. C: Extent of impact is unknown (Examination is needed. Impacts may become clear as study progress.) D: No impact is expected. IEE/EIA is not necessary. 9. Alternative Plan The concept of Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) shall be introduced when conducting Master Plan study, and works with the recipient governments to address a wide range of environmental and social factors from an early stage. Study team will make an effort to include an analysis of alternatives on such occasions. 10. Stakeholder s Participation In principle, the recipient governments consult with local stakeholders through means that induce reasonably broad public participation, in order to consider environmental and social factors in the way most suitable to local situations and to reach an appropriate consensus. The study team shall incorporate stakeholder opinions into decision-making processes regarding environmental and social considerations, and ensures the meaningful participation of stakeholders in order to take consideration of environmental and social factors and to reach a consensus accordingly. Stakeholders participating in meetings are responsible for what they say. 11. TOR for environmental and social considerations The study team will examine measures for environmental and social considerations described in the requests and collected at review stage. In addition, information gathering, field surveys and consultations shall be held with the recipient governments. Scoping process is imposed on the category A project only under the Philippines EIA system, the study team shall promote scoping process and setting TOR for environmental and social considerations even in case of categorized in. 9