Measuring/Analyzing/Improving

Transcription

1 Issued by Supported by for a living planet Measuring/Analyzing/Improving Water and Energy Co-Management in Kanpur Living Ganga Programme

2 Kanpur City at Glance Kanpur city spread between southern bank of Ganga river & northern bank off Pandu river, a tributary of Ganga in central U P. The present population of 35.5L in comparison to 27.15L in With the rapid urbanization, industrial development and steep growth in population, the demand of water has been increasing manifold. Kanpur city water supply is primarily the responsibility of Municipal Corporation. However, a number of agencies are involved in the water supply and sanitation functions. These include Kanpur Nagar Nigam, Uttar Pradesh Jal Sansthan (UP Jal Sansthan) and Uttar Pradesh Jal Nigam (UP Jal Nigam). Water Distribution System At present, drinking water demand of Kanpur city is projected to be of the order of 650 MLD which is only partially met. As per Kanpur Jal Sansthan about 350 MLD is being supplied currently. Out of this amount which is pumped into the distribution network, a substantial amount is estimated to be lost in leakages and unaccounted for connections leaving very little to the legitimate connections. Even though, the Ganga is the source of surface water for Kanpur, the eploitation of this resource has always been out of phase with the demand. As a result there have always been areas which starved from receiving surface water. In order to cater to the demand verses supply gap, ground water is used by the Jal Sansthan. This is being done by digging tube wells and installing submersible pumps in them. Currently, there are about 132 such Tube wells in operation by Jal Sansthan in the Kanpur service area. These are apart from the private tube wells and pumps used in the city. Kanpur Sewage System In Kanpur, the eisting sewage treatment facility at Jajmau with a 5 MLD, a 36 MLD and a 130 MLD Treatment Plant, is operated and maintained by Jal Nigam. The 36 MLD plant treats the miture of tannery effluents and sewage which arrives at Jajmau through a 700mm rising main hooked to 4 effluent pumping stations PS1, PS2, PS3 and PS4 which are also operated and maintained by Jal Nigam. The 2

3 sewage is supposed to reach Jajmau through 90 gravity sewer. Apart from this there are 21 small and medium sewage pump stations scattered across Kanpur which are operated and maintained by Jal Nigam and Jal Sansthan. Living Ganga Programme ( ) The Living Ganga Programme aims to develop and implement strategies for sustainable energy and water resource management within the Ganga basin, in the face of climate change. Specifically, the programme will work on key sites and a critical stretch of the river of approimately 800 kilometers from Gangotri in Uttarakhand to Kanpur in Uttar Pradesh. The programme brings together the components of climate adaptation, vulnerability assessment, environmental flows and water allocation coupled with pollution abatement and co-management of water flow and energy. The programme aims to establish partnership with key stakeholders with a focus on river restoration, community education and engagement, business and government involvement, and bio-diversity conservation. The programme consists of seven cross cutting components: Sustainable Water Management Climate Adaptation Pollution Abatement Water-Energy Co-management Sustainable Hydropower Biodiversity Conservation Communications and Business Engagement Water and Energy Co-Management in Kanpur ICLEI - South Asia with support from WWF India undertook a detailed energy audit of the water and waste water systems and also undertake water quality analysis in Kanpur city. The aim of these activities was to: Determine energy efficiency of the water and waste water systems Identify areas of improvement in energy consumption, efficiency and conservation 3

4 Provide recommendations on low cost and no cost solutions to improve energy efficiency and demand side management of energy in water and waste water systems Identify areas with contaminated or polluted water and sources of pollution of water Suggest measures for improvement of water quality and effective management systems Training & capacity building programme for utility staff to improve upon energy efficiency of systems Initial study (birdeye-view) of Kanpur s water supply and sewage systems Data analysis during detailed energy audit Recommendations for improvement of Kanpur s water supply and sewage systems Walk through audit of Kanpur s water supply and sewage systems Detailed energy audit of Kanpur s water supply and sewage system Training and capacity building programmes for improved energy efficiency Approach and Methodology Major Project Outputs Bird view report of city water distribution energy losses Walk through audit reports of 11 STPs in and one/two raw water treatment plans and booster pumping stations in Kanpur Detailed energy audit reports of 2 STPs, 5 booster pumping stations and one raw water pumping station in Kanpur Water quality map of Kanpur city 4

5 Detailed Audited Water & Sewage System in Kanpur WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS SEWAGE SYSTEMS Raw water intake station Sewage pumping stations Dadanagar Sham Nagar Water booster/zonal pumping stations Chabile Purva Ratanlal nagar ZPS Bal Nikunj Sharada Nagar Lenin Park Canal Patri Chabile Purva Map for Water and Sewage System in Kanpur 5

6 Water-Energy Utility System Water works treatment & pumping Transmission line Feeder Sub-station Storage tank Distribution transformer Distribution pipes/channels Use of water Sewage treatment Treated Water Waste water/sewage Pump House Ganga Barrage Pump House Gujjaini Water Works 6

7 7 Type Plant Specific Recommendations Dadanagar Ratanlal Bal Sharda Lennin Canal Chabile Sham Nagar Nikunj Nagar Park Patri Purva Nagar Low cost 1 Ensure pump set is started with delivery valve NA NA closed* 2 Stop Raw water loss at Pumping Station in rising NA. NA NA NA. NA NA NA main pipeline* 3 De-silt the RW collection sump after monsoon NA NA NA NA NA NA NA every year* 4 Operate most efficient pump sets combination* 5 Stop leaks through valves, pump glands NA NA NA and seepage* 6 Install pump running hour meter for each pump* 7 Ensure quality of logbook data, accurate time record of pump starting/stopping and all important events each day* 8 Don t throttle pump suction sluice valve* NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 9 Keep delivery valve of non-operating pump in NA NA NA NA NA NA dry well closed to avoid backflow to sump * 10 Improve screening of incoming effluents and NA NA NA NA NA NA clean the sump regularly* Medium cost 1 Replacing Disc type Non-return Valves (NRV) By NA NA Hydro-dynamically Guided Control type Non Return Valves (e.g. Norme Valves)* 2 Install calibrated instruments for monitoring flow, NA NA delivery pressure, water level, voltages, currents, kilowatts, frequency & power factor on hourly basis and keep daily record* 3 Maintain logbook data & monitor watergy NA NA periodically* 4 Install Power Factor improving capacitors to improve motors power factor to 0.95*

8 8 5 Apply special coating to pump internal parts to improve efficiency* 6 Trim Impeller Diameter and run efficient pump NA NA NA NA NA combination* 7 Replace old non-return by ball type NRVs and NA NA NA NA NA NA delivery sluice valves by knife gate valves * 8 Replace all low efficiency pumps by high NA NA NA NA NA NA efficiency submersible pump sets* High cost 1 Install direct electric feeder from dedicated supply NA NA NA NA NA NA source at Jajmau (sewage treatment plant)* 2 The system should be modified to increase NA NA NA NA NA NA NA delivery to Jajmau (sewage treatment plant)* 3 Construct open intermediate collection sump NA NA NA NA NA NA NA at node A of the system with 10 minutes holding capacity* 4 Pumping Station 1 (PS1) & Pumping Station 2 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA (PS2) will deliver sewage/ effluent miture to Sump A. The terminations of PS1-A & PS2-A shall be suitably modified* 5 New Submersible Sewage Pumps will be installed NA NA NA NA NA NA NA in Sump A to pump sewage water in Sump A to the Inlet Channel of the 25 MLD STP* 6 New PSC Rising Main pipe line of 375 mm NA NA NA NA NA NA NA size/length ( = 783 M) be installed from Pumping station -3 (PS3) to Jajmau 25 MLD STP* * For more information, please refer Detail Energy Audit report

9 Way Forward The project outcomes were discussed with stakeholders during the 2nd stakeholder meeting organised by WWF India at Kanpur. The team had presented major findings of the report and taken feedback from the stakeholders group. The stakeholders appreciated the findings and recommendations given in the report. City has shown great interest and is urging WWF India to provide a training programme to improve upon the efficiency of the water and energy comanagement systems for their municipal staff on various subjects in line with the suggested measures. Keeping this as priority, WWF India in support of the partner organisation has started the following action plan ( ) for the Municipal Staff of Kanpur City: Apprise the Senior Officials and stakeholder group on project outputs, recommendations and benefits Develop awareness on the energy efficiency measures & its benefits among various municipal technical staff Enhance the technical skills regarding O&M and other issues among plant operators Train staff on operations of the plant in more efficient ways to save energy, etc Develop technical skills among city staff to incorporate no cost suggested measures into system Initiate a dialogue between the eperts and city staff on the various other issues related to energy efficiency measures. 9

10 IMPROVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY As part of WWF-India s Living Ganga Programme under HSBC Climate Partnership, ICLEI South Asia carried out energy audit of water and wastewater treatment systems in Kanpur. Based on etensive study, several no-cost, low cost, medium and high cost recommendations to improve energy efficiency have been suggested. Some important points that can help improve efficiency have been listed below: Do s and Don'ts - To Improve Upon Energy Efficiency DOs Ensure proper functioning of Voltmeter, Ammeter, Energy meter, Running Hour meter, Flowmeter, Pressure indicators etc. Keep the Pump house always clean and dry. Maintain a log book with accuracy for malfunctioning of machinery. Close the Delivery Valve before starting a Centrifugal or Turbine pump. This avoids Power Jerks and improves pump life. Open the delivery valve gradually as the pump starts. Close the delivery valve 3/4th before stopping the pump. Close the delivery valve completely after the pump is switched off. Try to match pump stoppage and delivery valve closure time as best as possible. Be alert and report against ecessive & unusual vibrations and Noise of every pump set. Ensure that delivery valves of non-operating pumps are firmly closed. Ensure that check valves are not letting backflow. Record each pump start-stop time and running hours in each shift. Keep adequate quantity of tools and a set of all equipments manuals of the plant. Report if any spare tool is missing/damaged and arrange for its replacement. Avoid water leaks from stuffing boes and pipe joints. Be vigilant of persistent uneplainable change in pump pressure, flow or motor current. Use genuine spares rather than spurious ones. Carry out maintenance of equipments daily. DON'T Do not let wastage of water by overflowing storage tanks and reservoirs. Do not operate non-compliant pumps in parallel. Do not use power cables that are not of than recommended size. Do not use sub standard quality of lubricants. Do not run a pump with throttled delivery valve. Instead seek epert advise to review pump sizing or possibility of using smaller size impeller or economy of installing a Variable Speed Drive (VSD). Do not operate the pumps if the electric supply is irregular. Never throttle a pump suction valve. It is meant for isolation during pump maintenance. Do not allow backflow of water to the pump under any situation. Review suitability of Non-return valve type and its condition for repair or replacement. Do not waste filter back-wash spent water by venting it into a drain. Look for opportunities to recycle the spent water for efficient operation and increased output. Avoid ecess pumping into direct distribution network. For more details please contact: Ms. Anjana Pant - WWF-India Mr. Ravi Ranjan Guru - ICLEI Phone: Phone: