A Hydrogen Energy Storage Demonstration Platform in Chinese Power Transmission Industry

Transcription

1 A Hydrogen Energy Storage Demonstration Platform in Chinese Power Transmission Industry Pengcheng Zhao, Yu Xiao, Meng Niu, Feng Liu, Zhaolong Du, Bo Zhao

2 Agenda Introduction SGCC and GEIRI Hydrogen Energy Storage Demonstration Site Demonstrations & Evaluation Results Akaline Electrolyser Test FC operation with Super Capacitor Feasibility Study on Hydrogen CHP Conclusion Demonstration Platform Futre Implementation Roadmap 2

3 Introduction State Grid Corporation of China (SGCC) n Geographic Coverage >88% of China s territory n Customers Serving over 1.1 billion population n Employee 1.72 million n Key Figures (2014) Assets: $450Bn, Revenue $300Bn n Core business Power grid construction and operation, R&D, Finance, equipment manufacturing n Overseas business Runs overseas business in the Philippines, Portugal, Brazil, Australia,Italy,etc. n Ranked 2 nd Fortune Global 500 3

4 Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute (GEIRI) Introduction n n n n A Research Institute Directly Under SGCC Known as Smart Grid Research Institute before April 2016 High-end technology R&D, Talent training platform and Innovation technology test base Employee 619 Employees (Average age of 33) 107 PhD and 329 MSc (70% of total employees) 11 Research Fields EHV/UHV DC transmission, EHV/UHV flexible AC transmission New transmission and transformer, Non-electrochemical energy storage and energy conversion, Intelligent sensor and measurement, Power quality Information security and advanced communication, Grid cyber-physical integration Advanced calculation and application Electrical new materials Power semiconductor devices Overseas Divisions US Division and Europe Division 4

5 Introduction n n n n Demonstration Expectation on Hydrogen Energy Storage Concept of storing electricity by hydrogen Operation of hydrogen energy storage system in power system Evaluation Performance of alkaline electrolyser operating with renewable input Hydride storage without hydrogen compressor Efficiency improvement by heat recycling Power quality of FC-SC (Super Capacitor) system Testbed for Different Kinds of Hydrogen Technologies Water electrolyser: Alkaline, PEM Hydrogen storage: High pressure vessel, Solid state hydride tank Hydrogen power generation: PEMFC, Super Capacitor Overall efficiency of different system configuration Research Platform Develop energy management strategy Methodology of system design for different applications Feasibility study of hydrogen energy storage operating in different scenario 5

6 Introduction Demonstration Platform Pressured Electrolysis: H 2 10kW Alkaline Electrolysis System Storage: 4MPa Solid-State Hydride PV Simulator DC/DC Alkaline SPE Hydride Storage & 15MPa vessel Generation: DC Bus 10kW PEM Fuel Cell Super Capacitor Load DC/DC SC FC 6

7 Introduction PV Simulator Alkaline Electrolyser FC System Purification Electrolyser Hydride Tank PV Simulator DCDC FC SC Load 7

8 Introduction Container Based Hydrogen Production (left) and Hydrogen Power Generation (right) 8

9 Demonstrations & Evaluation Results Alkaline Electrolyser Operation U/V F.S.% I/A 伏安曲线 I-V Curve 流量 Flow U / V F.S.% Cell Number 流量 Flow Characteristic I-V curve Cell uniformity Intermittent power input Input ramp up/down Simulate fast fluctuation of PV (cloud pass by) Impulse hydrogen production No significant effect on H2 production Start up The alkaline need to be heated up in order to operate at rated production The heating process could last for up to 2 hours, during which the H 2 quality is not guaranteed Time 时间 /s Time 时间 /s 9

10 Demonstrations & Evaluation Results Operation with Super Capacitor Parameters 3000F (supply 10kW for 180s) Operate Two ways converter Start up From standby mode to stable power output Shut down From operation to standby mode Load fluctuation Load fluctuation during operation Start Up Shut Down Load Jump Up Load Jump Down 10

11 Feasibility Study on Hydrogen CHP 热力二次 City Heat 管道 Electric 电锅炉 Boiler (1) (2) 离心泵 三通阀 板式换热器 Heat Exchanger 三通阀 温度传感器 Warm water 储热罐 storage Temperature Measurement 离心泵 服务楼 User 用热 Hotel building in company campus Bathroom hot water is heated by city heat (winter) or 800kW electric boiler (non city heat period) In no city heating period, half of peak electricity (at high price) is consumed by electric boiler Install water electrolysis and FC system to replace part of electric boiler Operation Strategy Produce hydrogen by cheap electricity (during night) Generate both power and heat by hydrogen during peak hours Replace 400kW electric boiler Control 控制线 Power 电力管道 热水管道 Warm Water 冷水管道 Cold Water 11

12 Feasibility Study on Hydrogen CHP Economic Analysis Power Equipment Parameters Space Investment (RMB) Electrolyser 200kW 40Nm 3 /h 3MPa Alkaline Electrolyser 50m 2 1,200,000 Hydrogen Storage Pressurized Vessel 4m 2 30,000 Power Generation 55kW 55kW PEMFC 10m 2 550,000 Heat Pipe and Other 2m 2 300,000 Total 66 m 2 2,080,000 Investment (RMB) 2,080,000 Equipment Save Power Grid Installation Invest, 400kW Electric Boiler Equipment Cost Save (RMB) 180,000 Profit from electric and heat saving Peak Electricity Price and heat cost and electric boiler electric consumption Saving profit (RMB) Investment Pay-off Time (Year) 203,

13 Conclusion n Alkaline Electrolyser No negative effect on equipment by intermittent input under rated operation Need long time to start up from low temperature Prefer less intermittent generation, PEM is preferred in the case of intermittent renewables n Hydride and FC-SC System Hydride storage can work without compressor but need extra measurement to indicate storage status FC-SC improves both power quality and lifetime of FC n Hydrogen Micro CHP Profit from the electricity price differences Could contribute to demand side management and peak shifting Equipment investment could be reduced dramatically after mass production n Feasibility of Implementing Hydrogen Energy Storage in Power Grid Generation side: large scale renewable integration Demand side: CHP system in office buildings 13

14 Conclusion Suggestion on Future Implementation of Hydrogen Storage in Power Grid Renewable Generation Reduce the curtailment of PV and wind Smooth PV generation profile Produce hydrogen by wind in large scale to [1] avoid wind curtailment Low Price Electricity Electrolyser FC System Demand Side CHP Office and commercial buildings Wind PV High Pressure/Hydride H 2 Storage Produce hydrogen by low price electricity Provide both power hand heat when electric price is high 14

15 References [1] Darras, C., Muselli, M., Poggi, P., Voyant, C., Hoguet, J. C., & Montignac, F. (2012). Pv output power fluctuations smoothing: the myrte platform experience. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 37(19),

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17 Contact Information Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute Future Technology Park, Riverside Road No Changping, Beijing Tel.: (+86) Fax: (+86)