Integrated Environmental Monitoring for Sustainability in Asia-Pacific Region

Transcription

1 Integrated Environmental Monitoring for ustainability in Asia-Pacific Region Fukang Taoyuan Urumqi Beijing Fukang Haibei Yucheng Taoyuan Qianyanzhou Tsukuba Yucheng Haibei ingapore IEM ub-project Leaders: Masataka Watanabe, Jiyuan Liu National Institute for Environmental tudies, Japan Chinese Academy of ciences, China ingapore University, ingapore CIRO Earth Observation Center, Australia Australia Qianyanzhou

2 Objectives of IEM Establishment of IEM Network Assessment of Ecosystem ervices for ustainable Use IEM MA Approximately 60% (15 out of 24) of the ecosystem services evaluated are being degraded or used unsustainable (MA Launching Ceremony, 8 major cities, Mar. 31, 2005) Ecosystem ervices Air quality regulation Climate regulation Erosion regulation Water purification and waste treatment Natural hazard regulation Crops, livestock, aquaculture Capture fisheries, wild foods Timber, cotton, silk wood fuel Genetic resources Biochemicals, medicines Fresh water Recreation and ecotourism tatus +/ +/

3 Climate Change Ground observation system GI atellite monitoring network Population Increase IEM Network Economic Growth Integrated Environ. Management Model Ecosystem ervices Food Production Policy Land Use Policy Energy trategy Technology Options Framework of APEI-IEM Proposals for ustainable Use of Ecosystem ervices

4 IEM Progresses 1. Establishment of MODI Observation Network: High Quality MODI Dataset, such as Vegetation Index, urface Temperature, Land Cover, Net Primary Production, etc. 2. Advanced Assessment of Ecosystem ervices: Water Use Capacity Flood Control Capacity Carbon Fixation Capacity Food Productivity, etc. 3. Cooperative International Network: 3rd IEM Workshop, 9-11 December 2004, ingapore MA Launching Ceremony in Tokyo and Beijing 4. Contribution to International Organizations, such as Eco Asia, MA, CD12, Water Forum, etc.

5 High Quality Environmental Database (a) Dynamic changes of land-surface temperature Winter pring ummer Autumn

6 (b) Dynamic Changes of Leaf Area Index pring Autumn Winter ummer The new algorithm have improved than MODI product algorithm: The view and solar angle information was added as input; The more accurately regional land cover map was used; Many parameters of the algorithm were measured and validated in Asia;

7 (c) Dynamic changes of plants and vegetation Inter-annual change of false color land surface images, vegetation index (NDVI) and leaf area index (LAI)

8 Assessment of Ecosystem ervices (a) Flooded area and water-volume 160 Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Water Volume ( 10 8 m 3 ) Month Wuhan ep. Oct. Nov. Dec. A case study of Tongting Lake, 2002 (Geographica inica, 59 (1): 88-94) Flood Area

9 (b) Arable Land Vulnerability A 23.0% Landform 22.1% Temperature 28.9% Water 10 Accumulated Temperature <1000 no WDI < 0.25 no lope >20 no oil Types uitable for Cultivation no Water body, Urban area Protected forest etc. no yes yes yes yes yes Temp. restrictions Water restrictions Landform restrictions oil restrictions Land use restriction uitable Land B oil 47.7% 16.2% Land use 19.2% Potential arable land (Wang, 2002, JGEE, Vol.8, pp )

10 (c) Policy of returning farmland to forest and its effects on prevention of runoff and sediment loads No significant effect on flood control (0.6% of 以上 total area) 15 以上 15 (3.2%) China Government policy 20 以上 20 (1.5%) imulation 10 以上 10 (6.3%) Detection of farmland with steep slope value over a threshold using GI Maximum flood peak value only decreased 2.2% in the case of threshold 10 in the whole catchment Annual total sediment loads (10 9 kg) % -9.5% -17% -22% 0 Original ediment production could be reduced due to the increase of threshold

11 (d) Carbon fixation by vegetation Measurements Input Climatic Factors Land Cover GI Input Layers Before improved Carbon Fixation ( Mg C ha -1 ) Input Modeling Validation imulation of CO2 Flux Fc_obs F c_simu Fc_simu=1.059Fc_obs R2= Fc (gc m-2 day-1) After improved 8-Jul 18-Jul 28-Jul 7-Aug 17-Aug 27-Aug 6-ep 16-ep 26-ep -4 cale-up Growing period of corn

12 2002 NPP 2003 NPP (g C/m 2 /d) Kilometers Taoyuan 1-Jan 25-Jan 18-Feb 13-Mar 6-Apr 30-Apr 24-May 17-Jun 11-Jul 4-Aug 28-Aug 21-ep 15-Oct 8-Nov 2-Dec 26-Dec Carbon Fixation by Vegetation in Asia- Pacific Derived from MODI Data (kg C /m^2) No Data

13 Cooperative International Network (a) APEI 3rd Integrated Environmental Monitoring (IEM) Workshop, 9-11 December 2004, ingapore Joint Countries: Australia, ingapore, China, Russia, India, Mongolia, Vietnam Report Groups: MODI Network and its Applications -10 reports FLUX Network Research Activities -6 reports Integration of atellite-based and Ground-based ystems -8 reports

14 (b) Forest Fire in Austrilia and Russia Forest fire in Australia (Provided by CIRO Earth Observation Centre) Typical Fire Danger Map based on MODI information on May 28, 2004, in which yellow shows the most dangerous areas (Provided by Russian Academy of ciences, V.N. ukachev Institute of Forest, Krasnoyarsk, Russia)

15 (c) Tsunami Disaster - Aceh, umatra, Indonesia Imaging date : 13 Jan 2003 Imaging date : 29 Dec 2004 (Provided by CRIP, ingapore National University)

16 (c) Tsunami Disaster - Aceh, umatra, Indonesia Imaging date : 13 Jan 2003 Imaging date : 29 Dec 2004 (Provided by CRIP, ingapore National University)

17 Future Plan Expanding IEM network haring common model m for detection of environmental change Updating and haring database and common methodology for assessment of ecosystem services Contribution to GEO (Group on Earth Observation) 10 Year Implementation Plan for the Global Earth Observation ystem of ystems (GEO) 9 ocietal Benefit: Disasters, Health, Energy, Climate, Water, Weather, Ecosystems, Agriculture, Biodiversity