4. (a) Explain the operation of a closed cycle OTEC system. (b) Discuss its advantages and disadvantages compared to open cycle OTEC plant.

Transcription

1 Code No: RR Set No (a) What are the prospects of various renewable energy resources in India? (b) Describe the general principles of Energy management with suitable examples. [8+8] 2. (a) What are different types of solar energy collectors? Explain any two in detail. (b) List advantages and limitations of photovoltaic solar energy conversion. [10+6] 3. (a) Enumerate the advantages and disadvantages of wind power. (b) Write short notes on potential wind power in India. (c) List few companies manufacturing WEC devices. [6+6+4] 4. (a) Explain the operation of a closed cycle OTEC system. (b) Discuss its advantages and disadvantages compared to open cycle OTEC plant. [10+6] 5. Discuss the methods of harnessing wave energy. [16] 6. (a) Describe the difference between spring tides, neap tides, high tide, and low tide. (b) Discuss the possible reasons why energy output in double-effect generation is usually lower than for single-effect generation. [8+8] 7. (a) Explain Hot Dry rocks (petrothermal) resources of geothermal energy and how they can be exploited as a source of energy. (b) Explain vapour dominated hydrothermal power plant with neat sketch and its representation on T-S diagram. (c) Describe various disadvantages and operational problems associated with geothermal energy. [5+6+5] 8. (a) What is meant by anaerobic digestion? What are the factors, which affect biodigestion? Explain briefly. (b) What is a community biogas plant? What are the main problems encountered in its operation? [8+8] 1 of 1

2 Code No: RR Set No (a) Briefly explain the following i. Energy Planning. ii. Energy Efficiency. (b) Explain what are energy efficient electric motors. How do they differ from conventional motors? [10+6] 2. What is pyrheliometer? With neat sketch, explain about the method of measuring solar radiation using Angstrom compensation pyrheliometer. [16] 3. (a) Enumerate the advantages and disadvantages of wind power. (b) Write short notes on potential wind power in India. (c) List few companies manufacturing WEC devices. [6+6+4] 4. (a) Draw the schematic diagram and explain the Open cycle OTEC system. What are the operational difficulties encountered in OTEC plants? (b) Find the quantity of water to be pumped to OTEC plant working with surface water at 27 0 C and with cold water at 8 0 C at a depth of 600 m from the surface to obtain 1.0MW of energy. Assume the density of ocean water as 1010 kg/m 3 and the specific heat of water as 4200 J/kg K. [10+6] 5. Explain in brief the energy potential of ocean waves and methods of harnessing the wave energy. [16] 6. (a) Show by sketches the method of harnessing the energy potential associated with ocean tides. (b) A tidal power station has 24 generators each of 10 MW operating at a maximum head of 13.5m. It generates for two 6 hour periods per day. Calculate the basin capacity in m 3, and annual energy production. Assume 93% efficiencies. [8+8] 7. (a) What are the sub classifications of hydrothermal convective system? (b) Describe a liquid dominated system or wet steam field. (c) A hot water geothermal plant of the total flow type, receives water at C. The pressure at turbine inlet is 10 bar. The plant uses a direct contact type condenser that operates at 0.3 bar. The turbine has a polytropic efficiency of 70%. For a cycle, net output of 10MW. Calculate: i. The hot water flow rate, 1 of 2

3 Code No: RR Set No. 2 ii. The condenser cooling water flow rate, iii. Cycle efficiency and iv. Plant heat rate. [4+4+8] 8. (a) How are biogas plants classified? Explain the batch type and floating drum type of biodigesters with sketch. (b) What are the advantages and disadvantages of floating drum plant? (c) Enumerate the advantages and disadvantages of fixed dome type plant. [6+5+5] 2 of 2

4 Code No: RR Set No (a) Discuss the need for development of renewable energy resources. (b) What do you understand by energy management and what is its role in industry. [8+8] 2. What is the difference between a pyrheliometer and a pyranometer? Describe the principle of operation of Eppley pyranometer. [16] 3. (a) Describe the working of a vertical axis Savonius Rotor with a neat sketch. (b) What are the advantages and disadvantages of Savonius rotor. [10+6] 4. (a) What is the basic principle of OTEC? Discuss the advantages of the closed cycle system over open cycle system. (b) The efficiency of power plant working on OTEC system is very less. However, the secondary advantages make it commercially attractive. Discuss. [8+8] 5. Discuss the advantages and limitations of wave energy conversion. [16] 6. (a) Explain with neat sketches the energy extraction techniques from tidal waves (b) A tidal power development has total installed generation of 7500 MW operating at a maximum head of 8 m. The minimum head at the end of cycle of generation is 2.5 m after 5 hours. Assume two cycles of generation in 24 hr. The generated power decreases linearly from 7500 MW to zero. The turbine and generator have efficiencies of 93% and 97%, respectively. The length of embankment is 20 km. Calculate: i. Quantity of water flowing through the turbines a maximum output in m 3 /s. ii. Surface area of reservoir in km 2. iii. Wash behind the embankment at maximum reservoir capacity. iv. Energy delivered per year at a load factor of 0.8. [ ] 7. (a) Describe a Binary cycle system for liquid dominated system. (b) What are the limitations of a flashed steam system? (c) What are the advantages of double flash system? [6+5+5] 8. (a) What is the difference between biomass and Biogas? (b) What are the techniques suggested for maintaining the biogas production? 1 of 2

5 Code No: RR Set No. 3 (c) What is community biogas plant? What are the main problems encountered in its operation? [4+6+6] 2 of 2

6 Code No: RR Set No (a) List out Various non -Conventional Sources of energy. (b) Briefly explain the advantages of renewable sources of energy. (c) Explain briefly the causes of low power factor and how it can be corrected? [6+4+6] 2. (a) Write short notes on the following: i. Solar constant ii. Local solar time iii. Surface azimuth angle. (b) Determine the local solar time and declination at a location latitude N, longitude E at IST on June 19. Equation of time correction is given from standard table to be = - (1 01 ). [8+8] 3. (a) Explain the concept of Darrieus rotor principle. (b) Describe the working of vertical axis Darrieus type vertical axis machine with a neat sketch. [6+10] 4. (a) What is the basic principle of OTEC? Discuss the advantages of the closed cycle system over open cycle system. (b) The efficiency of power plant working on OTEC system is very less. However, the secondary advantages make it commercially attractive. Discuss. [8+8] 5. Discuss the advantages and limitations of wave energy conversion. [16] 6. Describe the following schemes for tidal generation, with suitable figures: (a) Ebb generation; (b) Flood generation; (c) Two-way generation; (d) Single-basin scheme; (e) Two-basin scheme. [ ] 7. (a) Describe a vapour dominated or dry steam field. 1 of 2

7 Code No: RR Set No. 4 (b) A vapour dominated system of 100MW capacity uses saturated steam with a shut off pressure of 30 bar and enters turbine at 5.0 bar and condenses at 0.15 bar. Polytropic efficiency of turbine is 80%, generator - turbine combined mechanical and electrical efficiency is 90% water output temperature from cooling tower is 20 0 C. and reinjection occurs prior to cooling tower. Calculate: i. Steam required. ii. Heat rate. iii. Plant efficiency and iv. Cooling water rate. [8+8] 8. (a) What are the different inputs which produce Biogas? List out the factors affecting bio-digestion. (b) Give a neat sketch of Biogas production plant for domestic use for a family of 5-6 persons. (c) Explain Energy Plantation and state its advantages and disadvantages. [5+5+6] 2 of 2