Scotrenewables Tidal Turbine (SRTT): A case study

Transcription

1 Scotrenewables Tidal Turbine (SRTT): A case study Developer/Institutional collaboration within the Scottish marine energy policy framework Rhydar Harris Prestedge Retief Dresner Wijnberg (Pty) Ltd 18 September 2009

2 Disclaimer The views and opinions presented in this document are solely those of the author No representation is made for either, Scotrenewables Marine Power (Pty) Ltd or Prestedge Retief Dresner Wijnberg (Pty) Ltd All material has been obtained from the public domain The author has attempted in as much as possible to impartially and objectively present all available information

3 Background September January 2008 Hydrodynamicist at Scotrenewables Marine Power in Stromness, Orkney, Scotland Tasked to investigate the hydrodynamic response of the device Rotor modelling and design Numerical modelling Specify required testing procedure Why Orkney?

4 Outline of Contents Introduction Scotrenewables Marine Power (SRMP) Pty. Ltd Orkney Islands Brief History of SRMP Scotrenewables Tidal Turbine (SRTT) Technical Details Funding Collaboration UK and Scotland Renewable Energy Political Drivers Natural Resource Technical Resource Funding History for Marine Renewables

5 Outline of Contents European Marine Energy Centre (EMEC) Context of Involvement with Developers Services and Facilities at EMEC South African Context Questions?

6 Orkney Islands Location

7 Orkney Islands Facts and Figures Over 70 islands, 16 km North of Scotland, Population of Long history of marine renewable exploitation: The population boomed in the late 17th century, when whaling fleets regularly made anchor in Stromness Ships from the Hudson Bay Company, on the way to the Bay of Fundy, to find the North-west passage Tidal Potential Pentland Firth - Tidal race with speeds reported to 16 knots in places Described as the Saudi Arabia of Tidal Power Capable of generating up to 10GW Wave Potential Orkney, Western Isles and the North West of Scotland have the potential to generate 14GW of power from waves

8 Orkney Islands North Ronaldsay Sheep Live almost entirely on seaweed Confined to the shore by a 6ft high stone wall Susceptible to trace elements of copper Eat on the low tide, ruminate on the high tide Lessons to be learned: Adaptation Energy from tidal fluctuations

9 SRMP Scotrenewables Marine Power Pty. Ltd. History Original device concept B Johnstone - PhD th Scale construction and testing - Highlands and Island Enterprise funded th Scale construction and testing - DTI funding Detailed Cost of Energy Analysis + Further 7th Scale testing - Carbon Trust funding National winner of the Shell Springboard competition Energy company TOTAL acquired 10% shareholding DTI funded Production, Design and Verification m Scottish Executive funding - 6 Employees m Fred Olsen - Biggest investment in Scottish tidal project to date th Scale testing ~ 2010 Full scale prototype testing at the European Marine Energy Centre

10 SRTT Scotrenewables Tidal Turbine Device Description Twin horizontal axis turbines below a single buoyancy tube 12 m diameter rotors for a 1.2 MW device Approximate dimensions ~ 30 m long Compliant mooring system (CALM) of the SPM family

11 SRTT Technology Transportation/Survivability Device is designed to be transportable with relatively small craft Maintenance cost reduced by transportation to a harbour Not reliant on specialist retrieval vessel Transportation draught of under 4.5 m Major percentage of cost of offshore wind in M & O costs reduced Operation Draft of approximately 11 m Depths > 25 m Velocities 2.5 m/s to 5 m/s

12 SRTT Technology Power Take Off Hydraulic pumps in the nacelles Hydraulic transmission lines to accumulator bank Variable displacement hydraulic motor to generators 6.6 kv Breaker to wet mate connectors Umbilical cable to land based substation Internals General Arrangement Modular design to assist in minimising construction time Ease maintenance

13 SRTT Technology Mooring System Complaint mooring system allows device to be moored in deep water Quick release connection of the mooring yoke to the SPM buoy

14 General Observation Modelling of MEC s Multi-disciplinary: Mooring, power take-off, hydrodynamics, metocean, anchoring.. No existing software to model the complete system Interdependent - Response of power take-off effects vessel motions Current institutional research progress at the same level as developer research Small scale physical model testing problematic - scale factors for power take off and dynamic response Larger scale model testing => EMEC

15 EMEC European Marine Energy Centre History Established in 2001 Provides developers with the opportunity to test full-scale grid-connected prototype devices in unrivalled wave and tidal conditions Facilities EMEC provides the worlds only multi-berth, purpose-built, open sea test facilities for wave and tidal marine energy converters. Wave test site at Billia Croo, Mainland Orkney Tidal test site in the Fall of Warness off the island of Eday Office and data facilities in Stromness

16 EMEC Services Services Independent assessment of devices' energy conversion capabilities, structural performance and survivability Assistance with Grid connection and ROCs (Renewable Obligations Certificate) accreditation Real-time monitoring of meteorological and marine resource conditions Extensive assistance with consent & regulatory issues Opportunity to join EMEC's Monitoring Strategy Extensive local research and engineering support Nearby access to sheltered water and harbours Office and data centre support

17 EMEC Facilities Tidal Site Full tidal regime with test berths in 12 m to 45 m water All berths UK grid connected Real-time device and environmental monitoring Nearby access to sheltered waters and harbours Full office and data centre Extensive local research and engineering support Coastal 11kV control and switching station Metered power output from test devices SCADA system

18 EMEC Facilities Wave Site Full oceanic wave regime with test berths in 50 m water All berths UK grid-connected Real-time device and environmental monitoring Nearby access to sheltered water and harbours Full office and data centre Extensive local research and engineering support Coastal 11kV control and switching station Metered power output from test devices SCADA system

19 EMEC Images Open Hydro

20 Scottish/UK Renewable Energy Policy Drivers Energy Security Peak Oil reached in approximately 2000 Increasing insecurity in importing oil and gas Natural Resource - UK and Scotland Oil and gas extraction - North Sea 's Wave potential ~ 14 GW Tidal Potential ~ 10 GW Wind Potential Not much sun Technical Resource University of Edinburgh - Wave Group 1970 s Massive existing offshore infrastructure/investment

21 Scottish/UK Renewable Energy Policy Drivers

22 Scottish/UK Renewable Energy Policy Response Renewable Obligation Credits (ROC s) Requirement on UK electricity suppliers to source renewable percentage Subsidies to technologies based on MWh delivered ~ 45/MWh Regardless of the cost of production Levy Exemption Certificate (LEC) Main pillar of the current renewable energy policy Generators of RE receive a levy exemption Additional but smaller revenue streams from suppliers Total R & D funding for marine renewables in Scotland to date ~ 96.1m DTI ~ 60 m Carbon Trust ~ 5.7 m Scottish Executive ~ 13 m 10 m - Scottish Government - Saltier Prize

23 Scottish/UK Renewable Energy Policy Implementation R & D grants 4 Phases Stage 1: Applying to technologies according to their stage of development Research and Development Stage DTI Technology Programme Carbon Trust's Applied Research Programme and Technology Accelerator EU's Framework for Research and Technical Development Stage 2: Demonstration Phase Possibly up to full scale protoype

24 Scottish/UK Renewable Energy Policy Implementation Stage 2: Some are producing grid connected power (Ref EMEC/WaveHub) Funding through RO and LEC Marine Renewable Development Fund Stage 3 Mainly offshore wind Capital grants are available Accepted fundamental technology Focus on refinement and cost reduction RO and LEC exemption

25 Scottish/UK Renewable Energy Policy Implementation Stage 4: Proven technology and scale projects are operational Onshore wind Operating returns are not yet attractive without subsidies RO and LEC exemption Scottish/UK Policy aimed at generating an international market for Marine Renewables Similar ideals as Denmark for wind power

26 South Africa Comparative Wave Resource

27 South Africa Opportunities Drivers No peak coal?? No major offshore support industry to support Abundance of other forms of renewable energy Good wind climate Plentiful solar potential Moderate to good wave climate Limited funding for marine renewables Solutions AMEC (African Marine Energy Centre) - SANERI?? Facilitate the expansion of Scottish/UK research and MEC development

28 Questions?