Kraft Pulp & Paper Mills: Forest-Based Emerging Biorefineries

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1 Kraft Pulp & Paper Mills: Forest-Based Emerging Biorefineries Carlos Pascoal Neto RAIZ / The Navigator Company carlos.neto@thenavigatorcompany.com

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3 Almost every successful person begins with two beliefs: the future can be better than the present, and I have the power to make it so. David Brooks

4 Wood and lignocellulosic biomass Wood cell wall structure and composition Cellulose Lignin Hemicelluloses

5 Wood and lignocellulosic biomass Forest Agricultural Per Hoffmann, skar Faix and Ralph Lehnen

6 Today Kraft pulp & paper mills Solid residues Heat and electricity Chemicals Wood Biomass residues Pulp UWF Paper Tissue Market pulp Chemicals & energy recovery (combustion)

7 The Portuguese eucalyptus based pulp & paper industry Wood consumption: 8 million m 3 Pulp production: 2.5 M ton (partly converted into paper => 2 M ton wood by-products in pulping process Logging, harvesting and debarking generates 1 M ton of forest biomass by-products bark tops branches sawdust

8 Tomorrow kraft pulp & paper biorefineries Up-graded residues Solid residues Chemicals Wood Biomass residues Pulp Heat and electricity UWF Paper Tissue Market pulp New fibre-based products Chemicals & energy recovery (combustion) Pulping By-products Lignin Biomass deconstruction & separation processes Cellulose Hemicelluloses Sugars Lignin Extractives Bioproducts Biochemicals Biofuels

9 Tomorrow NVG biorefineries Biochemicals from wood / biomass extractives Cellulose/hemicellulose-based products & biocomposites Lignin-based products Sugar-based products Biofuels

10 Biochemicals from biomass extractives Solid residues Chemicals Wood Biomass residues Pulp Heat and electricity UWF Paper Tissue Market pulp Bark, biomass Leaves Chemicals & energy recovery (combustion) Steam destillation Essential oils Solvent extraction Triterpenes Polyphenols Aromatics

11 Biochemicals from biomass extractives Essential oils

12 Cellulose/hemicellulose-based products & biocomposites Solid residues Chemicals Wood Biomass residues Pulp Heat and electricity UWF Paper Tissue Market pulp New fibre-based products Chemicals & energy recovery (combustion) Micronization / Desintegration/ Tailoring Compounding Dissolving grade pulp Hemicelluloses extraction Textile fibres Hemicelluloses (Xylans) Micro fibrilated, nanocellulose New cellullose products Biocomposites

13 Cellulose/hemicellulose-based products & biocomposites Nanocellulose for paper coating and food additives

14 Lignin-based products Chemicals Wood Biomass residues Chemicals & energy recovery (combustion) Pulp Lignin precipitation Spent liquor Solid residues Heat and electricity UWF Paper Tissue Market pulp Lignin Bioaromatics Carbon fibres Adhesives / resins Foams Lubricants

15 Lignin-based products Vanillin and syringaldehyde Vanillin and syringaldehyde obtained (2,5%) by eucalyptus globulus lignin oxidation Lignin polyols Lignin-based foams for thermo insulation

16 Sugar-based products Chemicals Wood Biomass residues Biomass residues Pulp Solid residues Heat and electricity UWF Paper Tissue Market pulp Batch cooking Non-conventional deconstruction processes Chemicals & energy recovery (combustion) Hemicelluloses extraction Xylan (C5) Hydrolysis Sugar syrup (C6) Fermentation Ethanol Lactic acid Poli- Lactic acid (PLA) Lignin Bacterial cellulose Platform Chemicals

17 Sugar-based products Enzymatic hydrolysis scale up

18 Sugar-based products Platform chemicals from sugars H H H H H H H H Glucaric acid H H H H H Sorbitol H Glycerol C C C H H H 3-Hydroxypropionic acid B Biomass carbohydrates H B H Succinic acid H H H B C Malic acid H H Fumaric acid H HC CH 2,5-Furanedicarboxylic acid H H B B C B B 3-Hydroxybutirolactone NH 2 H H NH 2 Glutamic acid H Itaconic acid H H Levulinic acid H H H H Xylitol/arabinitol H Aspartic acid

19 Sugar-based products Bacterial cellulose from wood/cellulose sugars

20 Sugar-based products

21 Biofuels Biomethanol Solid residues Chemicals Wood Biomass residues Pulp Heat and electricity UWF Paper Tissue Market pulp Biomass residues Deconstruction Chemicals & energy recovery (combustion) Hydrolysis Fermentation Destillation Bioethanol Lignin Liquefaction Liquid biofuel Pyrolysis Bio-il Liquid hydrocarbon-based biofuel Refining (petrochemical refinery) Gasoline Diesel

22 Biofuels Bioethanol: a worldwide growing market Cellulosic bioethanol is emerging: 17 billion L in 2022, 10% share

23 brigado!