Promotion of the 3 Components of this management:

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1 Engaged in Promoting Rainwater Harvesting as a Way of Managing a Precious resource Promotion of the 3 Components of this management: IRHA was created in Nov following recommendations formulated during the World Summit for Sustainable Development in Johannesburg. IRHA s mandate: Reinforcement the RWH movement around the world and become the global promotional platform for the better management and use of this essential resource. Activities: Blue schools with rainwater harvesting for direct use

2 THE PRANA ETHICAL WATER EXCHANGE PRANA sustainable WAter INNOVAtive FINANCing mechanism Correlates sanitation finance with water footprints needs for commodities traded on commodities exchanges before their productions; Commoditizes treated effluents to match offers and demands of future deliveries of treated effluents; Allocates treated wastewater for water procurement security after compulsory carbon and water footprints minimization and according to Human Rights and/or ecosystems priorities (2000 liters water footprint/capita/day including water for food security and dignity); Helps municipalities and/or companies to comply with the Polluters Pay Principle while giving them the opportunity to take part of the wastewater resource market; Finances decentralised sanitation facilities with technologies that generate sludge energy via commodities futures markets; Manages water-related risks and domino effects via decentralised water reuse; Increases PPP return on investment for sanitation projects; Provides water interdependencies intelligence services analysing water risks and domino effects to proactively manage risks, costs and/or internalize the externalities; Offers to the Wastewater Detox Catalysts the possibility to get the Responsible Impact Water Brand.

3 Introduction of Wash: right solutions, right PEOPLE, right skills FOR over 35 years, SKAT HAS Been A global leader IN CAPACity development, AppropriATE TEChnology introduction, governance, networking AND Knowledge MANAgement Poverty grips like an iron fist. It unforgiving and unrelenting. For the mother that has to walk many kilometres a day to fetch water, even the simplest household task is a back-breaking grind. For the daughter who has no privacy for menstrual hygiene at school, the promise of education slips out of her grasp as each month passes. New approaches and technologies for Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) can and do make a difference to millions of lives everyday. But many innovations fail to catch on and deliver their early promise. Since 1978, Skat Consulting and Skat Foundation have provided technical assistance and knowledge management that has helped many initiatives go to scale: the Afridev handpump and cost-effective manual drilling across Sub-Saharan Africa through the Rural Water Supply Network (HTN/RWSN); de-centralisation of governance in Ukraine; affordable water and sanitation services in Moldova and Kosovo; cyclone-resistant schools in Laos and Myanmar. We, and our partners, have now developed and tested a Technology Applicability Framework (TAF) and produced guidelines to manage a Technology Introduction Process (TIP). With these we can help WASH technologies find their niche and develop markets so that the fist of poverty can be prised open. Our Expertise water supply environmental sanitation solid waste management energy and climate building and settlement mobility and transport governance economic development environmental management knowledge management Our Services Policy and strategy development assessment, monitoring and evaluation knowledge sharing, capacity building and training backstopping and technical advice project planning, management and implementation transfer of technologies and approaches. Our values MISSION FOCUS Reducing poverty through sustainable livelihoods and improving living conditions of disadvantaged and marginalised people QUAlity & trust In everything we do we apply a global outlook combined with a Swiss attitude to high quality, professionalism and integrity COLLABORAtion Working well with others is the key to success VAlue & experience Our international team members each draw on years of experience to problem-solve efficiently. Skat Consulting Ltd. Vadianstrasse 42, CH-9000 St.Gallen, Switzerland phone: fax: web:

4 Female-tailored toilets in nepal Toilets in maternity centres and high schools, which CAter for the special needs of pregnant women and adolescent girls have positive effects not only on hygiene and sanitation, but also on better health CAre, less days missed at school and better social integration of adolescent girls. The Community Eye Care and Health Promotion Project (CEHP) supported by the Swiss Red Cross has been working since more than 7 years on water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) promotion in six districts of the Mid-West Region of Nepal. With the introduction of the Government s National Sanitation Strategy in 2011, the demand of sanitary toilets has gained momentum. The coverage of sanitary toilets at household level in the project intervention area has raised from 47% in January 2011 to 92% in June Even though 60% of the public schools are with at least one toilet facility, most of them are non-functional or not enough for the large number of students (UNICEF 2010). Only 34 % of existing toilets provide for the sanitation and hygiene needs for adolescent girls and female teachers during menstruation (UNICEF 2010). Female toilets in maternity centres Built as an additional room to existing health centres, maternity centres have proved a successful strategy to combat high maternal mortality in Nepal. However, toilets did not come with the construction design. While toilets culturally comprise of urinals for men and a squatting pan, pregnant women find it difficult to squat. The CEHP team together with the health staff and local women designed a large elevated toilet seat and bar handles at both sides to support the women when getting up. Health staff reported that women feel so comfortable, that they would want to deliver even in this position! Piped water supply from the roof allows flushing, hand washing and taking a bucket-shower after the delivery. Besides improved comfort and hygiene for the female patients, the diagnostic procedures were also improved thanks to the existence of a toilet. Pregnancy, albumin and glucose urine strip tests can now be offered. An additional condom-box in the toilet provides condoms free of cost for family planning and STI/HIV prevention. Girl-friendly toilets at school The lack of toilet facilities and the lack of privacy and discretion particularly during menstruation has been identified as one of the main factors for girls in Nepal to miss school. The project, together with the school management committee, plans the construction and place of the toilets. Project staff sensitizes the students and teachers in hygiene and environmental sanitation. The design for the girls-toilets foresees that the sanitary pad is thrown through a hole in the wall into a covered incinerator. A fine mashed wire catches the pads at the bottom of the incinerator, from where the pads are burned. Flies are trapped in the incinerator through a lining at the top of the pipe outlet (analogue VIP latrine pipe). Female teachers and volunteers of the Junior Red Cross are peer educators for the girls in each class. They hand out sanitary pads on request, which are replenished through the school management committee fund. Girls appreciate the privacy and a new type of freedom, being less excluded from school life because of this facility. Ownership, operation and maintenance Rules and regulations, the financial contribution of the school/ maternity centre as well as responsibilities in maintenance, operation and repair of the toilets, emptying of the septic tank and regular incineration of the sanitary pads are clarified in an agreement before the work starts. Project staff train the health centre and school staff in maintenance and repair. Challenges Despite the high rate of acceptance of female-tailored toilets, the lack of water poses a serious challenge to the maintenance and functionality of toilets in Nepal as such. Conclusion Meeting female sanitation and hygiene needs are worth the additional investment of resources. The positive reception and use of the female tailored toilets and their effect beyond hygiene encourages a scaling up of the approach and technology. Assessing female sanitation and hygiene needs at household level, particularly in regards to body hygiene and bathing in privacy is still an area worthwhile to be explored further.

5 Drinking water and electricity anywhere and at anytime San Isidro, Lura and darien - three small villages, situated in the heartland of panama. Approximately 200 people live in each of the three villages and they all struggle with the same problem the lack of drinking water! Drinking water for remote villages in the heartland of panama The government of Panama was aimed to find an independent solution for sustainable water supply of remote villages in the heartland of Panama. Trunz Water System convinced the responsible Ministry with its self-sufficient and solar powered water treatment units and implemented the innovative concept in three locations (more to come). After a first inspection of the three locations the project team, consisting of Trunz Water Systems technical staff and a local partner organisation, was aware of the challenges they faced: Difficult access to the villages (some accessible only by boat or four-wheel vehicle) water sources are contaminated rivers with coffee brown water no local power supply approx. 200 inhabitants per village requiring safe water for drinking, cooking etc. In order to clean the contaminated river water, each village received a Trunz Water Box and a Solar Power Center. Each unit provides up to 20,000 liters of potable water per day, operating fully independent thanks to solar energy. The project team coordinated all preparatory work such as safe transport to the remote villages and civil works. Therefore, local workers were engaged to build up the infrastructure (concrete basement, fence, roof, etc.) and support the installation of the solar powered water treatment units. Additionally, an on-site training provided the local operators with detailed information how to maintain the equipment. Trunz water Systems staff and locals working together on the installation View of the final installation including Trunz water Box, Solar Power Center, tank, fence, taps, etc. Main benefits of the installed solution: reliable operation thanks to high quality components and Swiss standards such as ISO and CE certification self-sufficient units secure independent operation, powered by renewable energy incl. battery back-up simple operation with low technical skill requirements cost-effective solution with only low operation and lifecycle costs. A less expensive investment compared to diesel powered equipment or bottled water (transport and recycling costs) Sustainable development of remote regions (economical and social) thanks to less water borne diseases and better health conditions of the local population Trunz water Systems develops, manufactures and distributes sustainable and cost effective solutions for decentralized water purification as well as solar energy supply. The units are exceptionally energy efficient, independent, compact and environmentally friendly. The systems are specially designed to work under harsh conditions and are mainly in operation in rural villages, islands and in places in need of emergency water supply. Trunz s innovative technology produces clean drinking water from polluted water and salt water. Up to now, over 700 Trunz Water Systems are already operating in more than 35 countries all over the world. Children tasting the purified water From coffee brown to crystal clear water: A satisfying result!