Hydrogen Carrier R&D activities at FREA. Fukushima Renewable Energy Institute, AIST

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1 Hydrogen Carrier R&D activities at FREA Fukushima Renewable Energy Institute, AIST Renewable Energy Research center Senior researcher Tetsuhiko Maeda

2 Missions FREA International R&D base for renewable energy PV, Wind Power, Energy Network, Hydrogen Geothermal, Shallow Geothermal New industry promotion in damaged area Education of renewable energy Location Koriyama, Fukushima 80 minutes from Tokyo by train High economic, industrial and cultural activities Schedule 2014 Jan. Main Building Complete. Fukushima prefecture 会津若松 白河 福島 郡山 Koriyama いわき福島空港 2014 April Open 2 Shinkansen 80min. to Tokyo 2

3 3 Total View of FREA Wind Power System Hydrogen Bldg. Rated Output: 300kW Grid-connected DER Test Facility (FREA-G) MCH Bldg. Under Construction(PV250kw) Energy Management Bldg. PV Power System Rated Output: 500kW Annex Building Clean Rooms, Experiment Rooms Total Land Area:78,000 m2 Main Building Research Labs, Area 6,900 m2

4 4 FREA Demonstration Field: Bird View Wind Speed Meter Pole Wind Power System Rated Output: 300 kw Type: Komaihaltec Inc. KWT300 Rated Wind Speed: 11.5 m/s Cut-in Wind Speed: 3.0 m/s Cut-out Wind Speed: 25 m/s Survival Wind Speed: 70 m/s SEI CPV Annex 5 Bldg. ( Hydrogen Bldg. ) Annex 4 Bldg. ( MCH Bldg. ) Fujipream c-si Honda Soltec CIGS c-si 300 kw Annex 3 Bldg. ( Energy Management Bldg.) Solar Frontier CIGS Kaneka a-si Sharp a-si Sharp c-si Solar Photovoltaic Power System 11 types of PV modules from ten manufactures Kyocera c-si Rated Output: 500 kw 22 Panasonic PV inverters c-si from three manufactures Toshiba I-V tracer c-si for outdoor test of PV arrays with switcher between I-V tracer and inverter

5 FREA Demonstration Field: System Diagram Test Bed for Grid-connected System PV Simulator 500 kw Solar PV System 500 kw(+250kw) H 2 -Diesel Dual Fuel Engine Hydrogen Energy Carrier H 2 Gas MCH Liquid EUT (PV inverters) Grid & Load Simulator 500 kw Wind Power System 300 kw To Grid Energy Flow Monitor Water Electrolyzer EV Station and Home Link Li Battery 400 kwh BEMS for FREA Load 1500kW H 2 5

6 Stable, Safe, and Affordable Hydrogen Energy Carrier Produce hydrogen by means of fluctuating renewable electricity Technologies to make hydrogen energy carrier Organic chemical hydride (Methylcyclohexane, MCH) Ammonia Li ion battery Ni hydride battery Ni-Cd battery Lead battery Metal hydride 6

7 Energy Density Wh/L 10,000 5,000 2,000 1, Capability as an Energy Storage Hydrogen Energy Carrier Team in FREA Li Ion Battery Ni-H 2 Battery Ni-Cd Battery Lead-acid Battery Chemical Hydride Cyclohexane Methylcyclohexane(MCH) Hybrid tank Energy Density Decaline 1wt% 3wt% Metal 水素吸蔵合金 hydride Wh/kg Ammonia NEDO Target (2030) DME DOE Target 液体水素 70MPa 35MPa Compressed H 2 (Carbon Fiber) Carbon nanotube ,000 2,000 5,000 7

8 Production and Storage of Hydrogen Energy Carrier & Dehydrogenation and Utilization of Hydrogen Power generation Power Electrolyze - + Battery Stability of Fluctuation (short-period) H2 H2 Import from overseas H2 H2 (H2) Hydrogenation MCH (C6H11CH3) Toluene (C6H5CH3) Dehydroge -nation Hydrogen engine Co-generation system Power Heat Stability of Fluctuation (long-period) Energy Demand 8

9 Multi-Fuel Engine Equipment Use as a Fuel Fresh Air ~2000L/min H 2 Hot Exhaust MCH C 6 H 11 CH 3 Toluene C 6 H 5 CH 3 ~3kg/min Dehydrogenation Reactor Alternating Current Dynamometer 340kW, 540Nm (Abs.) ~8,000rpm Inertia force:0.18kg m 2 Next Generation Multi-Fuel Engine Fuel:Hydrogen/Diesel Displacement:5.2L Type:Diesel engine Advanced Analyzer Consitutents:O 2,CO,CO 2,THC,NOx,Soot,H 2,MCH,Toluene,etc.

10 Hydrogenation/Dehydrogenation Reaction Apparatus Hydrogenation Reactor ~280, ~0.9MPa 3H 2 + C 6 H 5 CH 3 C 6 H 11 CH 3 Dehydrogenation Reactor ~440, ~0.9MPa C 6 H 11 CH 3 3H 2 + C 6 H 5 CH 3 H 2 ~2,000ml/min Aftertreatment Water Electrolyzer Gas Analyzer Condenser Condenser Water ~10 g/min Toluene C 6 H 5 CH 3 ~10 g/min MCH C 6 H 11 CH 3 Toluene MCH Tank Gas Analyzer Tank 6.9L/min H 2 1

11 Unified Demonstration System of Hydrogen Carrier Production/ Utilization Alkaline water electrolyzer Control Panel O 2 Separator H 2 Separator (34Nm 3 /h) Water Electrolyzer (150kW) Absorption Refrigerating Machine (25kW) Dehydrogenation Reactor Hydrogenation Reactor (MCH:68.7L/h) Co-generation Engine Fueled With Hydrogen and Diesel (Power: 60kW, Heat : 35kW) Toluene tank(20kl) MCH tank(20kl) Unified Demonstration System of Hydrogen Carrier Production/Utilization Toluene & MCH tanks (underground) Advanced co-generation Specifications engine (H 2 -Diesel Dual Fuel) Storing abundant renewable energy (30 MWh) as hydrogen carrier Supplying power and heat efficiently by using H 2 from renewable energy Hydrogen production: 34Nm 3 /h Hydrogenation (MCH production): 70L/h Storage MCH: 20kL(equivalent energy:30mwh) H2-diesel dual fuel engine:power 60kW Heat 35kW 11

12 Production and Storage of Hydrogen Energy Carrier &Direct Utilization Power generation Power Electrolyze - + Battery Stability of Fluctuation (short-period) H2 H2 H2 Ammonia Synthesis Power Heat H2 (H2) (NH3) Stability of Fluctuation (long-period) N2 Ammonia N2 N2 Direct utilization Gas turbine Engine etc. Import from overseas Energy Demand 1

13 1 R&D on Ammonia Combustion Utilization(SIP Project) NOx RemoverGas Turbine Compressor Main equipment has been installed (Gas turbine, NOx remover, Compressor, Fuel tank, etc.)

14 Hydrogen Production from PV PV Panasonic HIT 21kw Electrolyzer Stack ELY Input DC25~30kW(60V/400A) 5Nm 3 /h Electrolyzer 14

15 Hydrogen storage, Solar thermal collector, heat storage Hydrogen Storage Metal hydride tank Solar thermal collector Heat storage, 15

16 Future of Fukushima July 2012 after the feed-in tariff enforcement, certification capacity of PV facilities in Fukushima Prefecture beyond the 4.3 million kw. With respect to the increase of such abrupt renewable energy, grid connection pending PV occurred. Even if it is connected to the grid, it is likely that the conditions of the output suppressing or purchase stop or with some limitation is imposed. Hydrogen from Renewable Energy 2040 Fukushima Pref. Hydrogen supply chain Hydrogen Production from RE PV-ELY Hydrogen Station out of town Production Wind Farm And Large scale ELY MCHH MCHH Storage & transportation Utilization FCV Waste Heat MCHH H2 Disposal center FCV garbage truck MCH Co-generation system 16 Dehydrogenation by waste heat.

17 One year from the FREA open has passed. In order to increase the introduction possible amount of renewable energy, Hydrogen energy research has been carried out. MCH system, Catalyst, NH3 Gas turbine RE & Electrolyzer etc. Summary Currently, we conduct demonstration and elemental researches. We've come to the phase to announce the results shortly. 17