My European experience Research on waste management SRIKANTH MUTNURI

Transcription

1 My European experience Research on waste management SRIKANTH MUTNURI BITS Pilani K K Birla Goa Campus

2 My European Research experience Ecole de mines Nantes, INRA Narbonne on Vertical wetlands and Grey water treatment - CEFIPRA Empowered septic tank Ghent University DBT BIRAC, Bill & Mellinda Gates foundation Waste to Energy project and Terra Preta Sanitation Technical University Hamburg, Harburg - GIZ

3 Vertical Wetland (French system)

4 Characterization of wastewater COD BOD Ammonia (NH3-N) (mg/l) Nitrogen (ppm)

5 Vertical wetland (French system) for a single household Stage 1 Stage 2 Storage Tank

6 Two Loading Rate DATA Parameters Low organic loading rate High Organic loading rate Primary Stage 1 Stage 2 Primary Stage 1 Stage 2 COD (mg/l) BOD (mg/l) TS(Total Solids) VS(Volatile Solids) Nitrogen (ppm) Ammoniacal Nitrogen (ppm)

7 Wetlands for Septic tank

8

9

10 Single Toilet with treatment system (Employing Electrochemical Reactor and Constructed Vertical Wetland)

11 Scheme A single household toilet with the treatment system has been designed, constructed, used and analyzed for treatment efficiency. The system consists of a single toilet, septic tank (1500L), Constructed wetland (3 m 2 area), Water reservoir, Electrochemical Reactor (117L). Septic tank- separates most of the solids from the wastewater to produce clear solid free liquid and sludge at the top and bottom of the septic tank. Constructed Wetland- causes reduction in almost all the wastewater parameters i.e Chemical oxygen demand, Total kjeldahl Nitrogen, Ammoniacal nitrogen, Total Phosphorous except the Coliforms. Electrochemical Cell completely disinfects the water.

12 Wastewater flow pattern

13 Results Treatment capacity of the system around 180L per day. Treatment efficiency Average Reduction in COD, TP, Ammoniacal nitrogen, TKN and TOC are 68.05%, 99.20%, 77.14%, 43.03% and 53.07%. 100% reduction in coliform bacteria. Energy consumption 3.76 units per day (including power consumption of the water pumps)

14 Septic tank wetland EC

15 Empowered septic tank for a community (100 people equivalent) (Employing Electrochemical Reactor and Constructed Vertical Wetland)

16 Empowered septic tank for a community (100 people equivalent)

17 Empowered septic tank for a community (100 people equivalent)

18 Waste to Energy - Nashik, India (Co-Fermentation of Kitchen Waste and Fecal Sludge) BITS Pilani K K Birla Goa Campus

19 Waste to Energy, Nashik: The Concept of a Pilot Approach It involves co-fermentation of the organic municipal solid waste and fecal sludge Advantages: Treatment of two waste streams (liquid & solid) Elaborated business model improves economic feasibility Reuse & recover supports the closure of material loops Anaerobic digestion ensures scientific treatment fecal sludge Contribution to climate protection goals Decentralised approach for rapidly growing cities.

20 Waste to energy: Plant Dimensions Input material Food waste : 10 to 15 metric tons per day (from 1350 Hotels) Blackwater : 10 to 20 m³ per day (from 200 community toilets) Volumes Digester : 1300 m³ including storage capacity (retention time is 35 days) Biogas-generation: approx. 2,100 m³/per day for 2,140 m³ Biogas per day Combined Heat and Power Unit (CHP) 60 kw (24 hours per day) for Anaerobic Digester-Plant 200 kw (15 hours per day) for external use (up to 3,000 kwh per day)

21 Terra Preta Sanitation The German Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) launched its initiative One World - No Hunger in This initiative addresses a number of issues in a variety of African and Asian countries: 1) food and nutrition security, 2) enhancing resilience to prevent famine, 3) promote innovation, 4) promote socially and environmentally sound structural change in rural areas, 5) promote the protection and sustainable use of natural resources in rural areas, 6) promote responsible land use and access to land.

22 Terra Preta Sanitation The main focus of the programme Soil Protection and Rehabilitation of Degraded Soils for Food Security in India lies on the implementation of measures to protect and rehabilitate soils on smallholder farms (farm size up to 2 ha). These measures will be carried out on hectares of degraded land in the federal states of Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh.

23 Option 2 Soil production by Terra Preta Sanitation Terra Preta do Indio Bruno Glaser et al. Naturwissenschaften (2001) Composition: charcoal, crop residues, ashes, bones, fish bones, human excrement

24 THANK YOU