REAL AND APPARENT LOSS [PRESSURE MANAGEMENT]

Transcription

1 April 2015 REAL AND APPARENT LOSS [PRESSURE MANAGEMENT] PNWS 2015

2 AGENDA Review of Pressure Management Infrastructure and Control Systems NRW Solutions Case Examples 2

3 WHY MANAGE PRESSURES? Reduction of excess pressures and surges will: Reduce the number of new leaks and main breaks each year, and the associated annual repair costs Help to defer mains and services replacements Reduce the flow rates of all existing leaks best way of reducing background (undetectable) leakage Reduce pressure-dependent consumption Increase asset life

4 REAL LOSS IN THE AWWA WATER BALANCE Authorized Consumption Billed Authorized Consumption Unbilled Authorized Consumption Billed Metered Authorized Consumption Billed Unmetered Authorized Consumption Unbilled Metered Authorized Consumption Unbilled Unmetered Authorized Consumption System Input Volume Apparent Losses Consumption Metering Errors Unauthorized Consumption Water Losses Real Losses Leakage/Overflow at Service Reservoirs Leakage from Transmission Mains Leakage from Distribution Mains Real Loss Reduction Leakage from Service Connections 4

5 Pressure Management Management Unavoidable Annual Real Losses Speed Active and Quality Leakage of Repairs Control Current Annual Real Losses Speed Active and quality Leakage of repairs Control Pipeline and Pipe Assets Materials Management: Management: selection, Selection, installation, maintenance, Installation, Maintenance, renewal, replacement Renewal, Replacement WRP (Pty) Ltd, 2001

6 Background Leakage Unreported and undetectable using traditional acoustic equipment. Un-Reported Leakage Often does not surface, but is detectable using traditional acoustic equipment. Reported Leakage Often surfaces and is reported by the public or utility workers. Tools Pressure reduction Main and service replacement Reduction in number of joints and fittings Tools Pressure reduction Main and service replacement Reduction in number of joints and fittings Proactive leak detection Tools Pressure reduction Main and service replacement Optimized repair time 6

7 ANATOMY OF A DMA/PMA

8 DMA PROFILE

9 MAIN BREAK FREQUENCY 9

10 03/ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /2007 No. Burst/month REDUCTION OF MAIN BREAKS Burst Frequency - DMA W07-DZ1 Deodar Drive Pressure Reduction Commencement 09/2003 Pre Pressure Reduction Average 23 bursts/month Post Pressure Reduction Average 7 bursts/month Average 70% Reduction Month

11 PRESSURE MANAGEMENT FACILITIES Modulo & Cello XO (GSM/SMS) System Monitoring Using SMS Technology

12 ACTIVE LEAKAGE CONTROL MEASURES Active leakage is defined as an active effort to locate and repair unreported leaks. Sonic Survey Correlation Surveys Noise Logging Surveys Night Flow Sector Analysis Temporary or Permanent District Metered Area Step Testing Transmission Main Surveys

13 Cost of Leakage Control and Water Lost Background Leakage and Reported Breaks ECONOMIC LEVEL OF LEAKAGE Real Loss Control Tools Proactive Leak Detection Pressure Management DMAs Improved ALR times Asset Management Where the total costs is at a minimum Economic Leakage Level Cost of Leakage Control Losses (MGD) 13

14 THREE TYPES OF CONTROL Fixed Outlet Control Time Control Flow Modulation 14

15 FIXED OUTLET Inlet Pressure Fixed Outlet Pressure PRV

16 08:00 10:00 16:00 20:00 TIME CONTROL Inlet Pressure Time Controlled Outlet Pressure PRV

17 FLOW MODULATION CONTROL Inlet Pressure Flow Controlled Outlet Pressure PRV As flow increases and decreases the pressure is adjusted accordingly to maintain adequate levels of service during the day At night time when demand is at its minimum pressure can be reduced considerably

18 CASE EXAMPLES 18

19 Water Loss Reduction Hong Kong MSD Water Loss Control Pressure Management

20 Hong Kong Water Loss Control Pressure Management Very Large water loss control program including pipe replacement, rehabilitation and pressure management 312 Pressure Management Areas (PMAs) 514 District Metering Areas (DMAs) Main Breaks/Bursts reduced from 2,479 to 988 through 10-year life of program.

21 21

22 HONG KONG CASE ON PMA IMPLEMENTATION MCH-PMA03 (Chuk Yuen Road) MCH-PMA03 Ying Fuk Court Pang Ching Court Chuk Yuen (North) Estate DN300 PRV, In-line Strainer and Flowmeter Combined Chamber

23 EFFECTIVENESS CASE ON PMA IMPLEMENTATION MCH-PMA03 (Chuk Yuen Road) DN300 PRV, In-line Strainer and Flowmeter Combined Chamber

24 EFFECTIVENESS CASE STUDY MCH-PMA03 (CHUK YUEN ROAD) Data before PMA Implementation (16 Oct Nov 2009) Chamber Outlet Pressure CPP Pressure (Mean Flow) (Average Chamber Outlet Pressure) (Average CPP Pressure) Flow

25 Effectiveness Case Study MCH-PMA03 (Chuk Yuen Road) Data after PMA Implementation Chamber Outlet Pressure Chamber Inlet Pressure CPP Pressure (Average Chamber Outlet Pressure) (Mean Flow) (Average Chamber Inlet Pressure) (Average CPP Pressure) Flow

26 EFFECTIVENESS CASE ON PMA IMPLEMENTATION - MCH-PMA03 (CHUK YUEN ROAD) Before PMA Implementation After PMA Implementation Reduction Flow 143 cum/hr 134 cum/hr 9 cum/hr (~6.0%) [40 gpm] Average Chamber Outlet Pressure 63.9 m 53.0 m 10.9 m Average CPP Pressure 55.6 m 43.9 m 11.7 m

27 5/17/2006 WATER SAVINGS FROM PRESSURE MANAGEMENT GUINEAS CREEK ROAD 6/17/2006 7/17/2006 8/17/2006 9/17/ /17/ /17/ /17/2006 1/17/2007 2/17/2007 3/17/2007 4/17/2007 5/17/2007 6/17/2007 7/17/ Source: Wide Bay Water

28 GOLD COAST WATER GUINEAS CREEK ROAD No. of Bursts/month 03/ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / GOLD COAST, GUINEAS CREEK ROAD DMA Burst Frequency - DMA W01-DZ1 Guineas Creek Road 35 Pressure Reduction Commencement 06/ Pre Pressure Reduction Average 10 bursts/month Post Pressure Reduction Average 4 bursts/month Average 60% Reduction Month Source: Wide Bay Water

29 No. Burst/month 03/ / /1999 GOLD COAST WATER DEODAR DRIVE 12/ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /2007 Burst Frequency - DMA W07-DZ1 Deodar Drive Pressure Reduction Commencement 09/2003 Pre Pressure Reduction Average 23 bursts/month Post Pressure Reduction Average 7 bursts/month Average 70% Reduction Month Source: Wide Bay Water

30 27/02/07 27/02/07 28/02/07 01/03/07 01/03/07 02/03/07 03/03/07 04/03/07 04/03/07 05/03/07 06/03/07 07/03/07 07/03/07 08/03/07 09/03/07 10/03/07 10/03/07 11/03/07 12/03/07 13/03/07 13/03/07 14/03/07 15/03/07 16/03/07 16/03/07 17/03/07 Pressure Control - Woody Point Pilot DMA/PMA Pre Pressure Reduction Fixed Outlet Control Flow Modulation Control Date Source: Wide Bay Water

31 03/03/07 03/03/07 03/03/07 04/03/07 04/03/07 04/03/07 05/03/07 05/03/07 05/03/07 06/03/07 06/03/07 06/03/07 07/03/07 07/03/07 07/03/07 08/03/07 08/03/07 08/03/07 09/03/07 09/03/07 09/03/07 10/03/07 10/03/07 10/03/07 11/03/07 11/03/07 Pressure Control - Woody Point Pilot DMA/PMA - Detail Upstream pressure regime from 40m - 53m, system is pumped causing dramatic pressure changes to the reticulation netw ork, this w ill have adverse affect on pipew ork Fixed outlet control reduced variations in reticulation dow nstream of the PRV (DMA/PMA Flow Modulation Control - this settles dow n the pressure further - controller set to reduce pressure further overnight Pre Pressure Reduction Fixed Outlet Control Reduction in minimum night flow s as a result of pressure control Flow Modulation Control Date Source: Wide Bay Water

32 27/02/07 27/02/07 27/02/07 27/02/07 27/02/07 27/02/07 28/02/07 28/02/07 28/02/07 28/02/07 28/02/07 28/02/07 01/03/07 01/03/07 01/03/07 01/03/07 01/03/07 01/03/07 Flow l/sec Pressure Control - Oxley Road Pilot DMA/PMA Reduction in flow rates over 24hr Periods Source: Wide Bay Water

33 PRESSURE MANAGEMENT As reduce overall pressure, will reduce leakage and reduce energy demands 33

34 Source: WRP PTY, SA

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36 APPARENT LOSS REDUCTION Real Apparent 36

37 APPARENT LOSS IN THE AWWA WATER BALANCE Authorized Consumption Billed Authorized Consumption Unbilled Authorized Consumption Billed Metered Authorized Consumption Billed Unmetered Authorized Consumption Unbilled Metered Authorized Consumption Unbilled Unmetered Authorized Consumption System Input Volume Apparent Losses Consumption Metering Errors Unauthorized Consumption Systematic Data Handling Errors Apparent Loss Reduction Water Losses Real Losses Leakage/Overflow at Service Reservoirs Leakage from Transmission Mains Leakage from Distribution Mains Leakage from Service Connections 37

38 Meter Inaccuracy and Monitoring Most utilities replace on age limits. Performance measurement enhances infrastructure life expectancy. Tools Accuracy test analysis Database of Sensus meter tests Performance measurement curves and payback analyses already constructed Unauthorized Consumption (Theft) Often difficult to measure. Detectable using detailed data analytics coupled with field surveys. Tools Identification through billing analytics Anomaly review to determine problem accounts Systematic Data Handling Errors Errors between meter reads and receipt of bill. Evaluation of billing system integration, meter reading accuracy. Tools Billing System Forensics Integration knowledge of multiple billing systems (including, SunGard, HTE, SAP, CC&B, ) 38

39 APPARENT LOSSES Apparent Losses: Customer Metering Inaccuracies Assemble meter demographics from records Conduct regular meter accuracy testing, small samples of meters will suffice Unauthorized Consumption Can use default value of 0.25% of water supplied volume Systematic Data Handling Errors Billing system forensic analysis Meter reading anomalies

40 Low Flow Meter Accuracy (%) METER ACCURACY Degradation Pre-Failure Failure ACH 2011 Age 40

41 Low Flow Accuracy (%) METER ACCURACY EVALUATION METHODS PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT % Point Where Meter Replacement Should Be Considered. 90% Meter Test Data Degradation Trend Lines R 2 = Age of Meter

42 IDENTIFICATION OF INACCURATE METERS $3,121 This can also be done by good database analysis of monthly read data

43 UNAUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION (THEFT) Illegal Connections Contractors at Hydrants Open bypasses

44 CREATIVE USAGE REDUCTION

45 SYSTEMATIC DATA HANDLING ERRORS WATER, NO WASTEWATER Name LocID Address Other Info. Check 1 C Large user average (3 years) James L. West Summit Ave. 187 CCF If correct costing: Special Care $7,090 per year. Yes 2 IDI Summit Ave. C Large user, need to change to Irrigation. Yes 3 Haws Athletic Center Franklin St. DB changed to YD 05/8/06. Done 4 Paddock Park 212 DB No 5 Inner City 214 DB No 6 Superior Meats Calhoun St. I (monitored?) Old 7 Oncor Electric Delivery Texas St. C (need to research) Yes 8 First United NP (Has other location ID 678 Methodist Church accounts with sewer.) No 9 Kent A. Riibe E. 4th St. R Added WW 8/7/08. Done 10 HB Zachary Co Heathcote St. C Old Old 11 James L. West Special Care Summit Ave. C Large user 400 CCF research Yes 12 IDI Summit Ave. C Large user, need to change to Irrigation. Yes 13 Cook Childrens C Small user, need to add WW W. Humboldt St. Medical Center after research. Yes 14 Beall Concrete, Inc Premier St. C Large user, possibly monitored. Yes 15 Fort Worth FC Baurline St. C May be Irrigation. Yes 16 General Industrial Corp N. Sylvania Ave. C Medium user Yes

46 WA/NoWW 1201 Summit Ave

47 WA/NoWW 1101 Summit Ave

48 REVENUE GENERATION There were 2,856 users which fell into the WA/NoWW framework. Of those, some are: Old accounts or in areas not served by sewers. Secondary accounts with sewer. Just irrigation accounts, no sewer. More than 100 customers remain who were WA/NoWW and should be billed. Revenue enhancement ~$90,000 per year.

49 REVENUE GENERATION INCORRECTLY ASSIGNED: CREEKWOOD HOA One other location, classed as Commercial. High use for Residential-class property. No irrigation meter. Water meter up to 500 CCF per month, with 290 CCF average. Estimated revenue increase if changed to Commercial and/or irrigation meter added: $1,500 to $11,000/year.

50 SMART METERING TECHNOLOGY

51 VISUALIZATION AND ANALYTICS

52 APPARENT WATER LOSS DATA AND COMPARISONS 52

53 OVERALL WATER LOSSES 53

54 3 May 2015 Apparent Loss (TWDB 2010 Data) Gallons per Connection per Day Customer City, 3-29 (Avg. 10) Member City, 4-54 (Avg. 20) Sherman Bonham Howe Gunter Van Alstyne Trenton Celina Westminster Anna Weston Blue Ridge Weston Melissa Leonard Celeste Commerce Denton Prosper Little Elm Hackberry Frisco The Colony The Colony Plano New Hope McKinney Princeton Fairview Allen Lucas Parker St. Paul Murphy Wylie Farmersville Josephine Nevada Caddo Mills Lavon Greenville Neylandville Richardson Sachse Garland Rowlett Fate Rockwall Royse City Quinlan West Tawakoni Heath Mclendon-Chisholm Dallas Sunnyvale Mesquite Balch Springs Forney Talty Terrell Wills Point Edgewood Seagoville Crandall Combine Kaufman 54

55 3 May 2015 Meter Accuracy (%) (TWDB 2010 Data) Customer City, (Avg. 97.7) Member City, (Avg. 96) Sherman Bonham Howe Denton Gunter Van Alstyne Trenton Leonard Westminster Anna Celina Weston Weston Melissa Blue Ridge Celeste Commerce Prosper New Hope Neylandville McKinney Princeton Little Elm Farmersville Hackberry Frisco Fairview The Colony Greenville Allen Lucas The Colony Josephine Plano Parker Wylie Nevada Caddo Mills Lavon Murphy St. Paul Richardson Sachse Garland Rowlett Fate Rockwall Royse City Quinlan West Tawakoni Heath Mclendon-Chisholm Dallas Sunnyvale Mesquite Forney Balch Springs Talty Terrell Wills Point Edgewood Seagoville Crandall Combine Kaufman 55

56 BENCHMARK APPARENT WATER LOSSES 2012 Dataset Real and Apparent Loss per connection 56

57 DATA SUMMARY (JUNE 2013) Key Performance Indicator n AVG NTMWD Data Validity Score * Non-Revenue Water as % by Volume % Non-Revenue Water as % by Cost % Apparent Loss (gal/connection/day) Real Loss (gal/connection/day) Real Loss (gal/mile of main/day) 62 1,932 Infrastructure Leakage Index

58 CONTACT DETAILS ANDREW CHASTAIN-HOWLEY 1300 SUMMIT AVE, SUITE 400 FORT WORTH, TX (817)