Getting the Most From Your Irrigation System

Transcription

1 Getting the Most From Your Irrigation System Larry Schwankl UC Cooperative Extension (559) Powerpoint at:

2 Flood Irriga+on Systems: Not a lot can be done to improve them, but here are two ideas:

3 Flood Irriga+on Systems: Not a lot can be done to improve them, but here are two ideas: Monitor the soil moisture (and ideally the trees) to see if you can go longer between irriga+ons.

4 Flood Irriga+on Systems: Not a lot can be done to improve them, but here are two ideas: Monitor the soil moisture (and ideally the trees) to see if you can go longer between irriga+ons. Don t flood the en+re middles. Use furrows pulled along the tree rows.

5 Sprinkler Irriga+on Systems: How can we improve their performance?

6 Sprinkler Irriga+on Systems: How can we improve their performance? Know the application rate. We provide water use information in units of inches of water use per day (or per week..). Need to know the system application rate (in/hr) in order to know how long to run the system.

7 Sprinkler Irriga+on Systems: How can we improve their performance? Know the applica+on rate.

8 Sprinkler Applica+on Rate:

9 Sprinkler Nozzle Size:

10 Sprinkler Applica+on Rate Pitot Determining Pressure Pitot Tube & Pressure Gauge

11 Sprinkler Applica+on Rate:

12 Sprinkler Applica+on Rate:

13 Sprinkler Applica+on Rate

14 Sprinkler Irriga+on Systems: How can we improve their performance? Know the applica+on rate. Determine and improve (if needed) the applica+on uniformity.

15 Sprinkler Irriga+on Systems: Measuring sprinkler applica+on uniformity Tells you how evenly the water is applied.

16 Sprinkler Irriga+on Systems: Measuring sprinkler applica+on uniformity Hire Someone to Do It For You.

17 Sprinkler Irriga+on Systems:

18 Microirriga+on Systems How can we improve them?

19 Microirriga+on Systems How can we improve them? Know the applica+on rate and applica+on uniformity. Available at hop://ucanr.edu/schwankl along with the Powerpoint presenta+on

20 Microirriga+on Systems Irriga+on uniformity can be a problem with microirriga+on systems too. That means all the drippers or microsprinklers aren t discharging the same amount of water.

21 Microirrigation Systems Irrigation uniformity can be a problem with microirrigation systems too. Why wouldn t it be uniform? Not a good irrigation system design pressure differences too great.

22 Microirrigation Systems Irrigation uniformity can be a problem with microirrigation systems too. Why wouldn t it be uniform? Not a good irrigation system design pressure differences too great.

23 Microirrigation Systems Irrigation uniformity can be a problem with microirrigation systems too. Why wouldn t it be uniform? Not a good irrigation system design pressure differences too great. PC drippers or PC micros can help.

24 Microirrigation Systems Irrigation uniformity can be a problem with microirrigation systems too. Why wouldn t it be uniform? Not a good irrigation system design pressure differences too great. Maintenance problems. Clogging problems can lead to serious non-uniformity problems. Almost all clogging problems can be solved or prevented.

25 Clogging of Microirrigation Systems Source: Physical Clogging - Particulates

26 Clogging of Microirrigation Systems Source: Physical Clogging - Particulates Solution: Filtration

27 Filters: Screen, disk, and sand media filters are all available. They can all filter to the same degree BUT they req. different frequency of cleaning.

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33 Clogging of Microirrigation Systems Source: Chemical Precipitates Lime (calcium carbonate) and iron are the most common problems..

34 Chemical Precipitate Clogging of Microirrigation Systems Water quality levels of concern: Calcium: ph > 7.5 and 2.0 meq/l (120 ppm) of bicarbonate Iron: ph > 4.0 and 0.5 ppm iron

35 Clogging of Microirrigation Systems Source: Lime Solution: ph Control (Acidification) + filtration

36 Dealing with Iron Precipitation: 1. Precipitate iron in a pond / reservoir

37 Dealing with Iron Precipitation: 1. Precipitate iron in a pond / reservoir 2. Chemicals (e.g. phosphonic acid, phosphonate)) may keep iron in solution

38 Clogging of Microirrigation Systems Source: Biological Sources

39 Clogging of Microirrigation Systems Source: Biological Sources Solution: Filtration (usually media filters) + Biocide

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42 Chlorine as a Biocide Free Chlorine Prevent growth 1-2 ppm Periodic treatment ppm Serious clogging cleanup Test for chlorine using a pool / spa test kit

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44 Flushing of Microirrigation Systems: Silts and clay particles pass through even the best filters.

45 Flushing Silts and clay particles pass through even the best filters. Need to flush the system - mainlines, submains, and laterals (in that order).

46 Flushing Silts and clay particles pass through even the best filters. Need to flush the system - mainlines, submains, and laterals (in that order). Flush by hand or can use self-flushing end caps. Flush laterals by hand, use automatic flushing end caps, or manifold the ends together.

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48 Available at:

49 Stay on Top of Your Maintenance

50 Questions??? Larry Schwankl Presentation available at: Maintenance website: