ROCIS: Particle Data Exploration & Insights

Transcription

1 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 1 ROCIS: Particle Data Exploration & Insights U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar Data Use in Community Air Quality Projects Thursday, Sept. 14, 2017 Linda Wigington Team Leader, ROCIS Initiative lwigington1@outlook.com Greg Fanslow Data Analytics Blue Tree LLC Burlington, VT greg@bluetreeanalytics.com

2 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 2 Conclusions Outdoor particle counts have a significant impact on indoor levels Visualization tools influences how one interprets the data Particle monitors that measure down to 0.5+ um appear to have a significant benefit (over 2.5+ um) when viewing outdoor air impacts. (Air worse with 0.5+um) Low-Cost monitors can contribute to awareness, behavior change, use of technical interventions, & building capacity of people, communities, & organizations

3 3 ROCIS (Rock-us) or (Raucous) Reducing Outdoor Contaminants in Indoor Spaces

4 WHAT IS ROCIS? MISSION Reduce the impact of exterior environmental pollution in southwestern Pennsylvania to improve healthy & energy efficient indoor environments where we live, work, & learn 4

5 5 Why?? Most of our exposure to outdoor pollution happens in buildings 1

6 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 6 ROCIS LOW COST MONITORING PROJECT Using Monitors to Empower Occupants

7 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 7 ROCIS Low Cost Monitoring Project LCMP Objectives 1. Understand How to Use Monitors to Empower Occupants 2. Collect Baseline Data 3. Explore the Impact of Behavioral & Technical Interventions

8 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 8 ROCIS Low Cost Monitoring Project Not a Regulatory Focus Cohort model: new participants 5-10/month with 15+ ongoing Household/bdg. level Kit includes 10 low-cost monitors Monitor particles, also CO2, CO, radon, temp, & RH Focus on particles (0.5 um) Based on count, not mass 1-min. resolution; 15-min avg. Indoor/outdoor comparison Investigate interventions proof of concept Precautionary principle lower the better Fine & ultra-fine particles could be the vehicle for more toxic contaminants to enter the blood stream

9 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 9 Pittsburgh s Air Quality is Poor People Most at Risk in the U.S. Year-Round Particle Pollution (Annual PM 2.5 ) 8th worst city Pittsburgh 1 (Worst city east of the Rockies) Opportunity for ROCIS to collaborate: (many others! SW EHP, GASP, CREATE Lab, WHE++) 1. Pittsburgh-New Castle-Weirton (PA-WV-OH) SOURCE: American State of the Air Report

10 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 10 Our Focus Particles (or PM) PM 10 : Particulate matter less than 10 µm in diameter PM 2.5 : Particulate matter less than 2.5 µm in diameter ROCIS LCMP Particle count: (Dylos total 0.5+ um); 1/100 of human hair!

11 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar Making the Invisible Visible 3 particle counters per home: outside, inside, & roamer Left: Particle Count um; (Dylos total) Right: Particle Count um; (Dylos large) (PM 0.5, Particles per 1/100 Ft 3 ) Dylos

12 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 12 Occupant Insights Real-Time Visualization of Particles Spikes dominate awareness Biggest Impression (Peak Indoor Incidents) Cooking Cleaning Active occupants (e.g. children) Remodeling

13 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 13 Visualization Challenges Making Sense out of Data! 50 million data points downloaded manually, 20K at a time! Comparison to others Impact of outside on inside Comparison over time / Impact of interventions Did actions make a difference? How much?

14 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 14 HOW DO I COMPARE? What is typical? Best?

15 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 15 Outdoor Data by Cohort Similar Readings - 70 mile spread Equipment Error?? Log scale

16 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 16 Outdoor Data by Cohort (70 mile spread) Linear scale shows differences between sites LINEAR SCALE NOTE: Some of high counts in this period are due to high humidity

17 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 17 Indoor Median & Distribution 137 Participants (Dylos Total) V Poor >3000 Poor Fair Good < 300 V Good Excellent <75 Log Scale Homes red bars Workplaces blue bars

18 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 18 Outdoor Median & Distribution 137 Participants (Dylos Total) V Poor >3000 Poor Fair Good < 300 V Good Excellent <75 Log Scale Homes red bars Workplaces blue bars

19 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 19 OUTDOOR IMPACTS INDOOR

20 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 20 Indoor Counts Track Outdoors Log Scale Though order of magnitude lower; indoor tracks outdoor Blue = roamer, sanctuary zone

21 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar What Could you Expect if Outdoor Air was Bad All the Time? Good All the Time? 21 Dylos total ~0.5+ micron INDOOR ROAMER 25% worst outdoor Xx Xx Xx Xx xx 25% best outdoor

22 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 22 Windows Open? Closed? Windows closed here

23 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 23 INTERVENTION INSIGHTS And the Role of Low Cost Monitors

24 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 24 Fan Filter Bedroom Window at Night Impact of open window with/without box fan & filter Windows open? inside (green) tracks outdoors (purple line) Log scale Dylos total C C c Red arrow turned on fan filter in bedroom to bring in filtered outdoor air Blue arrow turned off fan filter each morning

25 G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G g Motivated Occupant Combination of Behavior & Technical U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 25 INTERVENTIONS Change use of humidifier Use induction stovetop Use fan/filter (living room) Add fan/filter (bedroom) F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F f

26 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 26 Portable Air Cleaners Fan/Filters

27 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 27 Air Handler w MERV 13 Initially at night; then 24/7 after ECM Large old farmhouse; 6 occupants ECM change-out w/ 4 MERV 13 filter

28 Location Location U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 28 Pre & Post Air Handler Retrofit PRE POST PARTICLE LEVELS IN AND AROUND YOUR HOUSE Roamer Inside Outside 0% 25% 50% 75% 100% Proportion of time Excellent Very Good Good Fair Poor ROAMER INSIDE OUTSIDE Roamer - Small Inside - Small Outside - Small Very Poor 0% 25% 50% 75% 100% Proportion of time Excellent Very Good Good Fair Poor Very Poor Week ending vs INTERVENTION ECM blower (lower air flow & energy cost on continuous setting) New return (larger 20 x 25 MERV 13 filter & pre-filter) Cost labor & materials $1,000

29 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar DYLOS TOTAL PARTICLES Night-time Air Handler Use Outside Inside LR Air Handler On at night (Arrow) 1 0

30 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 30 High MERV Filter - Air Handler Inquiry Interventions Preliminary Conclusions Huge potential - 24/7 air handler operation Reduce indoor particles Reduce air handler energy use Significant challenges (energy $, system performance) Most systems require modification (can t just install filter or run blower continuously) Air flow settings too high, total external static too high, some filters too restrictive, distribution system problems

31 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 31 Conclusions Outdoor particle counts have a significant impact on indoor levels Visualization tools influences how one interprets the data Particle monitors that measure down to 0.5+ um appear to have a significant benefit (over 2.5+ um) when viewing outdoor air impacts (Air worse with 0.5+um) Monitors can contribute to awareness, behavior change, use of technical interventions, & building capacity of people, communities, & organizations

32 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 32 ROCIS Resources White papers (Fugler/Phillips) Access to resources & research results Low Cost Monitoring Project High MERV Filter/Air Handler Inquiry data (coming soon) Upcoming ROCIS briefs Ducted Range Hoods (Tom Phillips) Portable Air Cleaners (Don Fugler)

33 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 33 Thanks to Phil Johnson & The Heinz Endowments for support of the ROCIS initiative (Reducing Outdoor Contaminants in Indoor Spaces) And our 150+ low cost monitoring project participants

34 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 34 The ROCIS Team Don Fugler LCMP research Ottawa, Canada Kacy McGill LCMP Coordinator Pittsburgh, PA Rhett Major Air Handler Inquiry North Huntingdon, PA Greg Fanslow LCMP Data Analysis Burlington, VT Tom Phillips Range Hood Brief Davis, CA Norm Anderson Advisor Winthrop, ME Bill Turner, P.E. Consultant Harrison, ME Yujie Xu Data Management Pittsburgh, PA _ Rob Busher Air Quality Fellow Pittsburgh, PA Linda Wigington Team Leader Waynesburg, PA

35 Linda Wigington Linda M. Wigington & Associates Project Lead, ROCIS Initiative Questions? Comments? U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar Greg Fanslow Data Analytics Blue Tree LLC Burlington, VT 35

36 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 36 Extras ROCIS THE FIRST YE

37 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 37 Low Cost Monitoring Kit (3) Dylos particle counter DC1700 (1) Speck particle counter (2) Corentium Radon (1-2) Carbon Monoxide (CO) MONITOR (Experts Model 2015) (1) CO 2 TIM12 Datalogging Meter Our cost - ~ $1,850 - $2,000/kit Quantity discounts, some donated equipment

38 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 38 Online Comparison of Outdoor Readings By ROCIS Cohort Goal: Better understand hourly/daily/weekly patterns of outdoor data as measured by the Dylos monitors (Dylos total) over SW PA. Results listed by cohort; option to toggle between log & linear scale; ability to zoom in (uses Python)

39 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 39 Impact of Outdoor Comparison? Amazing that the monitors track so closely over time Surprised the whole group (across region) varies so much from hour to hour and day to day Difference between perceptions log vs. linear scale? Contribute to support of air pollution advocacy?

40 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 40 Impact of Comparison within Participant s Data set? Outdoor air quality can make a big difference Can this tool: Inspire to take action? Close windows? Reconsider behavior patterns?? Inspire to compare results? Reinforce continued action?

41 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 41 Outdoor Impacts Indoor

42 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 42 Two Examples When Outside Better - Inside Better

43 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 43 Online LCMP Data Explorer (Enter May 4, May 9, and May 11 as the three periods as input to the second graph). Beta version input welcome! Under development, check back for codes to access different data set

44 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 44 Air Handler Inquiry Developed protocol to screen & verify Over 30 air handler systems tested to date Adjustment made at time of initial visit blower speed Evaluate opportunity for MERV 13, 24/7 operation Very good reductions in particles when operated 24/7! Minimal impact if air handler operated in Auto mode??targeted (operating at night during highest house occupancy) shows promise Best performance w/ air cleaner in bedroom w 24/7 whole house filtration.

45 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 45 Air Handler Inquiry But Big Issues Static pressure (TESP) too high in 70% of systems tested Air handler energy use can be high (500 to 1,500 watts) High cost of running air handler continuously to 1,500 watts: $54 - $130/month 1 ) Filter maintenance / replacement / cost ($100+ per year) ECM replacement an option (lower airflow option & cost) High TESP? - ECM bad option (cost & motor energy) 1 $.12/kWh

46 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 46 24/7 Air Handler MERV 13 Filter Already had electronic air cleaner in place. At diagnostic visit adjusted settings. Now running 24/7 (lower speed; lower cost)

47 U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 47 Andrew s Air Handler Retrofit System much quieter!! Larger return drop to reduce total external static pressure Larger & thicker MERV 13 filter with pre-filter ECM change-out for lower energy $ & control over settings If 24/7 Cost = $11/month ($.12/kWh) If air handler is just run at night Outdoor particle counts consistently higher at night 9 hrs/day Cost = $4.00/month $.12/kWh

48 Location Location U.S. EPA Smart City Air Challenge Webinar 48 Night-time Use of Air Handler Dylos Total Particle Counts Week ending Week ending Roamer kitchen Excellent Inside LR Very Good Good Fair Outside Poor Very Poor 0% 25% 50% 75%100% Proportion of time 0% 25% 50% 75% 100% Proportion of time Second week poorer outdoor air quality & indoor air quality