The UK s state-of-the-art of lifetime extension of onshore wind turbines

Transcription

1 The UK s state-of-the-art of lifetime extension of onshore wind turbines RenewableUK Tim Rubert Lisa Ziegler Elena Gonzalez David McMillan Ursula Smolka Julio J. Melero

2 Methodology Research Approach What is the current status of lifetime extension in the UK? Ziegler L et al. (2018). Lifetime extension of onshore wind turbines: A review covering Germany, Spain, Denmark, and the UK. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 82(1),

3 Literature Research UK Stats (2/2) Number of Turbines in 20 th Operational Year ~ 200 MW CP: 0.26 EP: 40/MWh Revenue: 18.2 million /year 3

4 Literature Research UK Stats (2/2) Future Capacity Distribution 4

5 Literature Research Legal Framework Ziegler L et al. (2018). Lifetime extension of onshore wind turbines: A review covering Germany, Spain, Denmark, and the UK. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 82(1),

6 Literature Research At present (UKWED - Sep, 2017), 23 onshore wind farms are beyond 20 years; 15 of these wind farms are still in operation (lifetime extension), two decommissioned, and five projects were repowered (not the total) Unlikely that onshore assets are subsidised in CfD future (islands) RO grace period until 2019 (approval required in 2015), 2027 change to fixed price certificate and the scheme runs potentially until 2039 For assets under RO before June 2008 (no time restriction) vs. after June 2008, 20 year limit. Cut off 2027 for projects beyond 20 years of ROC receival. No repowering subsidy after termination of RO No LTE legislation/official guideline in the UK Until 2024 (20-70 MW/year), then growing exponentially reaching 400 MW in

7 UK Survey Results (1/2) Reasons for LTE Maximise ROI Make use of hard-won local stakeholder relationships Assets available infrastructure RO subsidies potentially until 2039 (2027) Repowering challenges (tip height, access, noise, EIA) Two-split LTE Approach Data evaluation (in-house approaches) Review of i) maintenance report, ii) structural survey reports, iii) operational reports, and iv) wind history Review of SCADA data CMS (if available; mostly drive train accelerometers) Inspections Drive train inspection NDI of bolted and welded connections Checking for corrosion Evaluation of blades (6/12 months interval) Electrical: check oil samplings of transformers 7

8 UK Survey Results (2/2) General feedback Annual maintenance strategy maintained as business as usual Application of aero-elastic simulations observed as too costly Recertification was not observed as an essential component LTE time frame was seen as 3-5 years based on the in-house designed approach Load campaigns planned, but not yet executed (tower/blade root and drive train) Data analysis tools: benchmarking & trend evaluation Analysis timing: in theory year vs. in practise year Concerns and difficulties Legislation, RO (fixed pricing/cut-off in 2027) Spot-market electricity price Contracts in place (land lease, grid connection and planning consent) Skilful technicians for inspections Sourcing of spare parts Changes to an asset s environment (e.g. planting of a forest) Obtain original design standards Balance sheet growth Wind data from met. mast or nacelle anemometer 8

9 Overview Subsidy Scheme/Electricity Price Asset Health Status (RUL Turbine IEC Class vs. V, Ti) Legal Requirements Repowering Regulation 9

10 Thank You for your Attention It is important to remember that modern science is all about collaboration, shared achievement and serendipity, rather than about a single genius leaping naked from his bath, yelling I ve got it (Marr, 2012) Questions? Comments? Suggestions? 10

11

12 Motivation Marked Development Ziegler L et al. (2018). Lifetime extension of onshore wind turbines: A review covering Germany, Spain, Denmark, and the UK. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 82(1),

13 Motivation Marked Development Ziegler L et al. (2018). Lifetime extension of onshore wind turbines: A review covering Germany, Spain, Denmark, and the UK. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 82(1),