pages 98 and Renewable and non-renewable resources

Transcription

1 pages 98 and Renewable and non-renewable resources Anything that people find useful is a resource. Human resources include labour, machinery and money. Stone, water, soil and timber are natural resources, because nature provides them. Some natural resources will never run out, and we call these renewable. Other natural resources will run out some day, and these are non-renewable. On the diagram, colour the non-renewable resources in red and the renewable in green. NATURAL RESOURCES Non-renewable Resources that can only be used once Renewable Resources that can be used over and over again Resources that are consumed when used, e.g. coal Resources that can be exhausted by over-use, e.g. trees, fish Resources that can be reused or recycled, e.g. metals Resources that are always available, e.g. wind and water power To sustain the supply of natural resources, so they do not run out, we need to manage these resources in a sustainable way. Choose words from the Wordbox to label the diagram. Wordbox Conservation Controlling pollution Using renewable resources Recycling Increased efficiency Reprocessing materials so they can be used again Reducing emissions from vehicles and power stations Sustainable Resource Management Protecting and preserving wildlife and scenery Using wind and wave power which will not run out Using resources in a less wasteful way, e.g. improving home insulation

2 8.2 Daily resources pages 98 and 99 Think about one normal day in your life. During that day you probably used up several resources, caused quite a lot of pollution and may have tried to conserve the environment. In the table, show One day in my life. Some ideas have been added to the table to help you. Resources which I used up Pollution which I caused How I tried to conserve the environment Clean water Soapy water from my shower Cycled to school Fish and chips Put empty drink can in aluminium recycling bin Look at the drawing which shows what is in household waste. List as many ways as you can of reducing each type of waste. Organic waste 30% Paper and card 17% Newspaper and magazines 16% Glass (bottles and jars) 9% Combustibles 7% Metal cans 6% Plastic film 4% Textiles 3% Plastic bottles 2% Plastic packaging 2% Other metal, glass, etc 4% We re not running out of resources we re just turning them into rubbish we can t use again! What do you understand by this statement?

3 8.3 Non-renewable energy pages 100 and 101 Energy provides lighting and heating in our homes and offices. It powers computers, televisions and factory machinery. It fuels transport and has helped us develop and improve our quality of life. So far, non-renewable resources like coal, gas and oil have been easy to find, and seemed quite cheap. The real cost is in the pollution they cause and the changes to the world s climate. The drawing shows five main types of non-renewable energy resources. Complete the labels with words from the Wordbox. _ is used for heating, lighting, transport and to produce electricity. Natural _ is used for heating and to produce electricity. _ energy uses a mineral called uranium to produce electricity. is often the only source of energy in some countries. is used for heating and to produce electricity. Wordbox Gas Oil Wood Coal Nuclear Now draw a spider diagram to show how you use fossil fuels or electricity every day. Here are some ideas to help you. Use these titles to label each drawing. Oil drilling rig at sea Gas-fired power station Nuclear power station Shower gel in the things I use Training shoes in the things I own Coal mining I use fossil fuels every day Woman carrying firewood for these activities Listening to CDs

4 8.4 Fuels as natural resources pages 100 and 101 Draw lines to match the heads and tails. Resources Non-renewable Renewable Recycling Fossil fuels Use the clues to fill the grid. Movements of the sea Movements of the air turns waste into something which is usable again. are the ancient remains of plants or animals. resources can only be used once. resources will never run out. are things which can be useful to people. E N ER A fossil fuel G Y The earth s heat Energy from the sun A black liquid Uses uranium R ES O UR A rock that burns Produces hydro-electricity C ES Complete the table by writing each energy source from the Wordbox in the correct column. Some may go in more than one column. Non-renewable Fossil fuels Renewable Wordbox coal nuclear power fuelwood tidal oil natural gas geothermal wind solar waves hydro-electric power

5 8.5 Nuclear energy pages 100 and 101 People have strong views about nuclear energy. Some think it dangerous and want it banned. Others see it as a clean and modern source of power which can meet our needs for many years to come. Read what people have to say in the nuclear debate. Nuclear power is very cost effective. 1 tonne of uranium ore can produce as much electricity as 25,000 tonnes of coal. There is always the risk of a nuclear leak or accident. Nuclear waste is minimal and can be stored safely under ground. Getting rid of radioactive nuclear waste is very difficult. Safety is very important in nuclear power stations. Accidents are very unlikely. Nuclear waste remains radioactive for thousands of years and must be buried deep under ground. We should have nuclear power. The world s fossil fuels, especially coal and oil, will eventually run out. We don t need nuclear power. More efficient industry and energy-saving homes will reduce the need for electricity in the future. Nuclear power stations cost a lot to build and are expensive to run. Nuclear power is clean. It emits no waste gases which pollute the atmosphere, worsen the greenhouse effect or produce acid rain. Shade opposing views on the same issue, e.g. safety, in the same colour. Why might nuclear power be a valuable energy resource in the future? Extra What is your opinion? Are you for or against nuclear power? Explain your answer.

6 8.6 Renewable energy resources pages 102 and 103 Resources such as water, wind and the sun can be harnessed to supply us with renewable energy. They tend to be difficult and expensive to use but cause little pollution and will never run out. As coal, gas and oil run out, renewable energy resources will become more important. The drawing shows six main types of renewable energy resources. Complete the labels with words from the Wordbox. T energy is trapped where tides enter river estuaries (mouths). W _ turbines produce electricity. S energy comes from the sun. W _ energy is produced by wind blowing over the sea. W, if it is fast, produces hydro-electricity. G _ energy uses heat from inside the earth. Wordbox Wave Water Geothermal Tidal Wind Solar Use these titles to label each drawing. Wind turbines Estuary barrier Solar panels Hydro-electricity dam Harnessing wave power Geothermal pipelines It is better to have cheap electricity than to worry about the environment. Which point of view in the cartoon below do you agree with? Explain your answer. The protection of our environment is much more important than cheap electricity.

7 8.7 Wind power pages 104 and 105 The wind has been used for thousands of years as a power source for sailing ships and windmills. Nowadays, huge wind turbines can generate electricity from the power of the wind. Read about the advantages and disadvantages of wind power. The UK is one of the windiest countries in the world. Electricity generated during storms cannot be stored for use during calm weather. Wind turbines do not cause air pollution. Land underneath wind turbines can still be farmed. Wind could generate 10% of the UK s electricity. There is no fuel to transport or to store. The UK has many suitable sites for wind farms, both on land and offshore. Wind is unreliable and so turbines cannot be turned on when demand for power is highest. A large wind farm is expensive to build. No carbon dioxide or greenhouse gases are given off. Wind farms spoil the look of the countryside. Wind power is getting cheaper to develop. Winds are strongest in winter when demand for electricity is highest. Coldest weather is often during calm weather. Wind does not blow all the time. Wind farms can produce income for farmers. Running costs are very low. Wind is free turbines are needed to produce the same amount of electricity as one nuclear power station. Wind turbines are noisy and can interrupt TV and radio. Wind power is ideal for small, remote communities. Shade boxes about advantages in green and disadvantages in red. The Department of Energy believes wind power to be the most promising source of renewable energy. Design a poster to promote the use of wind power. Your poster should tell of the advantages of wind power. You should try to use some of the things you have learnt about wind farms.

8 8.8 Wind farms pages 104 and 105 Read this newspaper article. Mid-Wales Farmer Faces Blight from Wind Farm! farmer told our reporter today that plans to build a huge wind farm on Mynydd Carn should be scrapped. Mr Hywel Davies and his wife Mair, of Ty Coch farm, say they would be able to see the 60 metre tall turbines from every window of their house. They ruin the landscape, said Mrs Davies. We don t want them here in mid-wales, and lots of other people agree with us. An Electricity Board official defended the proposals for the wind farm. We cannot keep using fossil fuels forever the local farmer might not see the sense of a wind farm, but plenty of others do! What is Mr Davies main objection to the wind farm proposal? Write a letter to the newspaper saying why a wind farm should be built. Try to use some of the things you have learned about wind farms.

9 pages 106 and Energy and the environment oil in Alaska The exploitation of any type of energy can damage the environment. Most damage is done by fossil fuels such as oil. Read the following statements about the oil industry. Large areas of land have to be cleared when drilling for oil for laying pipelines and building refineries and terminals. Drilling rigs in the sea are ugly and can be a hazard to shipping. Natural vegetation, wildlife habitats and sensitive marine reserves are destroyed. Oil refineries are eyesores, especially if in an area with attractive scenery. If underwater pipelines fracture, oil can be spilled. Drilling for oil is very noisy. Any oil spillage and discharges can kill wildlife and pollute beaches. An explosion on a drilling rig or oil tanker could endanger life. Smoke from serious fires causes air pollution. Oil refineries and terminals release fumes into the air when oil is being refined. If an oil tanker runs aground, oil escapes into the sea and is washed up onto the coast. Oil is washed onshore, killing sea birds and affecting seal colonies. Illegal, deliberate discharges of oil at sea cause serious pollution. Colour the centre of each statement in the following way: Do not colour the borders. How the land is affected by the exploitation of oil in green. How the sea is affected by the exploitation of oil in blue. Categorise the statements further by colouring the borders as follows: Short-term harm to the environment in yellow. Long-term harm to the environment in red.