2015 WSSCA Conference

Transcription

1 2015 WSSCA Conference

2 Patrick Finnemore, P.E. Director of Facilities Kenosha Unified School District Office: Cell: Special thank you to Bill Freeman of EMC who developed much of the presentation materials

3 1. IAQ Contaminants 2. Acceptable IAQ 3. Mold 4. Mold Clean-up and Responding to Floods 5. Preventative Maintenance 6. IAQ Response Strategies 7. State Regulations 8. Q&A

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5 Carbon Monoxide (CO) Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 ) Temperature ASHRAE recommended for summer/winter Certainly very subjective! Relative Humidity (RH) ASHRAE recommended 30-60% RH

6 Bacteria Chemicals Dust Mites Exhaust, Nitrogen Dioxide (NO 2 ), Nitrite Oxide (NO) Human Related Waste

7 Lead/ Asbestos Natural Gas Pesticides Volatile Organic Compounds Sewer Gas Mold

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9 Thermal Comfort Temperature and relative humidity ASHRAE Standards 80% of building occupants find comfort in specific range Ventilation Standards Air exchange rates Minimum outside air requirements

10 Fresh Air (Oxygen) Needs CO2 Levels OSHA 5,000 ppm ASHRAE 1,000 ppm Canada has a classroom limit of 1,500 ppm We have much greater CO2 monitoring in our buildings, especially in large areas such as gymnasiums

11 Increased individual sensitivities (allergies, asthma, chemicals, etc ) Medical Advances showing correlation of disease and health related issues to the indoor environment New Building Materials: more manufactured products with chemicals that off-gas and soft/porous materials that grow mold both can negatively impact the indoor environment.

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13 Not a plant, not an animal: Unique kingdom (Mycota) Each species had its own unique characteristics Most grow best in warm, wet environments Colonization can occur in a sustained environmental conditions, and can then withstand extremes and regrow when favorable conditions return

14 Tertiary (>.90aW): Stachybotyrys Trichoderma Fusarium Bacteria Intermediate( ): Cladosporium Some Aspergillus Low (<.80): Penicillium Most Aspergillus

15 Spores + Food + Moisture = Growth Spores are everywhere! Food sources are abundant! (85 % of dust is organic..cellulose is to fungi what starch is to humans) Moisture (building materials wet for over 48 hours)

16 SPORES

17 + FOOD SOURCE

18 + MOISTURE

19 = GROWTH

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23 All major guidance documents recommend timely removal of visible mold Identify and correct moisture source EPA: Do not run the HVAC system if you know or suspect that it is contaminated with mold Is there more Hidden Mold? Are building contents and possessions affected? Can mold be cleaned or must it be remediated? Non-viable fungi can still emit allergens, mycotoxins Should I evacuate some or all occupants?

24 EPA Guidelines for Mold Remediation Small <10 Sq. Ft. Affected Min. PPE No Containment (N95 respirator) Need for OSHA respiratory protection program? Medium Sq. Ft. Affected Limited to full PPE Limited Containment Large Sq. Ft. Affected Full PPE Full Containment, Neg pressure

25 Can I Remediate Small Amounts of Mold?

26 Locate & Repair Water sources Hazard Communication Training (Mold Awareness) Work Area Isolation PPE

27 Engineering Controls - HEPA Vacuum - Wet Wipe Mild Detergent - Do not spread the contamination - Use of biocides? Work Practices - Careful source removal - Disposal Documentation

28 Categories of Water Loss Category 1 (Clean Water) Water that is clean at the releasing source and does not pose a hazard if consumed by humans. Category 1 water may become Category 2 over time or as it mixes with soils, on or within floor coverings or building assemblies, which can promote the growth and amplification of microorganisms in the water. Examples: burst water pipes, failed supply lines on appliances, broken toilet tanks, etc...

29 Categories of Water Loss Category 2 (Gray Water) Water that begins with some degree of contamination and could cause sickness or discomfort if consumed by humans. As with Category 1 water, Category 2 water can become Category 3 water over time and depending on other environmental conditions. Examples: Discharge or overflow of washer or dishwasher, overflow of toilet bowl, etc.

30 Categories of Water Loss Category 3 - (Black Water) Water that is highly contaminated and could cause death or serious illness if consumed by humans. Examples: Sewage, rising flood water from rivers and streams, ground surface water flowing horizontally into buildings.

31 State of the art guidelines ANSI/IICRC S500 Standard and Reference Guide for Professional Water Damage Restoration ANSI/IICRC S520 Standard and Reference Guide for Professional Mold Remediation

32 Rebuild/Post Remediation Considerations Determine cause of water incursion and make repairs Duct Work and HVAC cleaning Humidity resistant ceiling tiles Fiberglass based drywall-densshield Tile Backer No items mounted or placed directly against walls Steel Studs-Closed cell insulation Spray or pre-formed ½ space between the floor and drywall Hard surface flooring-stained concrete is best Dehumidify during and after construction Negative Pressure-Air Scrubbing during rebuild Low or Zero VOC Paints-Green products Air conditioning or commercial grade dehumidifiers Ventilate crawl spaces/tunnels Slight negative pressure to the occupied space Visual Inspections of vulnerable areas

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34 Porous building materials (carpets) HEPA vacuum daily Reduce Clutter Cleaning schedule Winter months for non-air conditioned buildings Cleaning chemicals Food, drink policies

35 Building design & construction HVAC Air conditioning Building materials Carpet versus hard surface Drywall use near water sources Insulation Placement of vapor barriers Building envelope

36 HVAC Inspections HVAC room, penthouse, roof Heating & cooling coils Condensate drain (Drip) pans Source of outside air intake Outside air intake screen/grill Ducts-outside air, supply air, return air, exhaust Grills, grates & diffusers-supply and return Ceilings/tiles surrounding grills & diffusers Interior insulation

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42 National Air Duct Cleaners Association (NADCA) Frequency: Units: 1 year; Ducting: 1-2 years (based on the type/use of the building schools 2 years) A 10 year cycle is generally reasonable Insure completion to current NADCA guidelines. Insure NADCA trained/certified contractors. Insure proper Insurance, equipment, experience. Insure proper planning, expectations, follow-up. Provide project follow-up documentation such as visual Inspections, photos and samples collection with Laboratory Analytical Data.

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44 42 Schools Over 2,200 Classrooms Test each room once per year in winter Make data public In most cases we correct problems before anyone even notices that the problem exists

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46 Goal: Under 1,000 ppm If measured above 1,000 ppm then we take corrective action Retest Maximum allowable after corrective action is 1,500 ppm

47 INDOOR AIR ANALYSIS: TREMPER DATE: 2/28/03 ROOM TEMP HUM % RH CARBON DIOXIDE PPM CARBON MONOXIDE PPM # OF OCCU. DOOR OPEN OR SHUT WINDOW AHU UNIVENT SHUT SHUT UNI Bad motor on univent. DATE: 3/4/ SHUT SHUT UNI Univent motor replaced and unit retested. DATE: 3/4/ SHUT SHUT UNI Univent turned off and blocked with books DATE: 3/17/ OPEN SHUT UNI Univent turned on, filter cleaned, motor greased, coil cleaned, all obstructions removed.

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49 Document IAQ complaint response form Hazard assessment & response Emergency vs. Non-Emergency In-house response/repairs Outsource response/repairs Inconclusive Investigation by outside Medical evaluation of affected individuals

50 Inspection HVAC Obvious sources Mold Carbon Monoxide Chemical spill

51 Investigation Survey/questionnaires/interviews Complaint history Water incursion history Visual inspection Moisture measurements Visual again!

52 Log all concerns, work done to correct concern and the final resolution Keep employee and Principal informed of progress Supplement resolution with test data if possible Look for both simple and systemic solutions

53 Problems to Avoid: Hasty response Confusion/Lack of Communication Wasted time & monies Poor public relations Legal liabilities

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55 Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) Management Plan required for all School Districts in Wisconsin. Administered by the Department of Public Instruction (DPI) as directed by 2009 Wisconsin Act 96. WI Stat (3) and (4) is the law requiring IEQ Management Plans in school districts.

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57 IEQ Management Plan Requirements: 1. Mission Statement 2. Role of the IEQ Coordinator 3. Communication 4. Reporting 5. Addressing IEQ Findings 6. IEQ Policies 7. Procedures for Maintenance and Facility Operations 8. Construction and Renovation 9. Staff Responsibilities for Maintaining Good IEQ 10. Prevention of IEQ Problems

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