Light the Night Right - May 16, 2018

Transcription

1 Light the Night Right - May 16, 2018 Smart Outdoor Lighting Initiative Goal: Lighting that serves economy, safety, and quality of life Smart Outdoor Lighting is Community Friendly Citywide initiative

2 Why Smart Outdoor Lighting Matters Sara Hollberg, AICP What is light pollution? How bad is it? Better lighting solutions What this means to Staunton Credits: Adapted from presentations by Laura Greenleaf (Va IDA chapter president); updates developed in cooperation with Va IDA and Bob Parks (Smart Outdoor Lighting Alliance)

3 Wasted Lights, Stolen Nights Credit: Environmental Health Perspectives, 2009

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5 Bortle Light Pollution Scale

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8 The increase in artificial night sky brightness in North America, including an extrapolated prediction for light pollution levels in Maps created by P. Cinzano, F. Falchi, and C. D. Elvidge.

9 ... The division between night and day is a border, perhaps the most fundamental one we have... God s Light Show, the magical realism of Norwegian nights by Karl Ove Knausgaard, translated by Tiina Nunnally.

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11 Why Do We Light Up the Night? Assumptions Enables us to see Keeps us safe Deters criminals Conclusion More is better and makes us safer!

12 Gas stations and parking lots are lit 10 times brighter than 20 years ago Photo credits: Paul Bogard

13 Elements of Good Visibility CONTRAST ADAPTATION

14 Over-lighting washes out contrast and impairs night vision

15 Discomfort & Disability Glare

16 GLARE

17 Streetlight glare... leads to decreased visibility and creates a safety hazard...

18 Don t Get the LED Blues + Conversion to LED underway -- efficient, cost effective - Led to overconsumption, over bright, waste + Ignoring real advantage -- adaptive controls CAVEAT Blue-rich LEDs (>3000K) - Worse for light pollution and glare - Disproportionately impact physiology of animals

19 LED Case Study Henrico County Fire Station #9 Photos by Susan Mayes

20 Photos by Susan Mayes

21 Photos by Susan Mayes

22 FLAWS: Oriented fixtures toward homes Used 90 diode arrays Used 5,000K Color Correlated Temp with a glare rating of 3 and no shielding Zoning ordinance violations including pole height FIXES: Reduced fixture CCT to 3,000K (all) Reduced diode arrays from 90 to 30 (eight fixtures) and from 90 to 60 (two fixtures) Reduced pole height

23 Photos by Susan Mayes

24 Safety Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) Provide lighting systems that minimize glare, shadow, light pollution and light trespass.

25 George Fleenor

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29 National Institute of Justice, Department of Justice Report to Congress, 1997: We may speculate that lighting is effective in some places, ineffective in others, and counter productive in still other circumstances... offenders need lighting to detect potential targets and low-risk situations.

30 Lighting in the absence of witnesses should never be equated with safety. Tom McKay, police officer, crime prevention specialist Peel Regional Police, Brampton, Ontario from What Makes a Park Safe?, 2000.

31 Health 2009: Light trespass has been implicated in disruption of the human and animal circadian rhythm 2016: LED light estimated 5 x more impact

32 2016 AMA Recommendations Health 2016: blue light scatters more within the human eye, leading to increased disability glare.

33 2016 AMA Recommendations 2016 Report on the Human and Environmental Effects of LED Community Lighting -- potentially harmful human health and environmental effects

34 2016 AMA Recommendations Specifically Concerned Over LEDs: Minimize blue-rich lighting to lowest possible level to reduce glare Use 3000 Kelvin or lower Consider using the ability to dim Use proper shielding

35 Photo: gunnaresiason.com Lighting up?

36 Smart Lighting Design Just the Light We Need, Where and When We Need it

37 See the Light, Not the Source NON-CUTOFF SEMI-CUTOFF CUTOFF FULL CUTOFF

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39 Backlight Uplight Glare BUG classification system for lighting

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41 See the Light, Not the Source

42 Residential Street Lighting

43 Typical Lighting at Home

44 Good Lighting

45 Good Lighting Aim down Lower watts Shield Switch Sensor

46 Defining Dark Sky Friendly International Dark-Sky Association (darksky.org ) Smart Outdoor Lighting Alliance (volt.org)

47 Resources for homeowners

48 Community Friendly Lighting LEDs: Learning the Hard Way NYC Davis, CA Communities Good Examples Chicago Rappahannock County Wellesley, MA More every year

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50 Safe, Attractive and Comfortable Places at Night Photo Les Kipp Livability and economic development

51 Main Points Technological revolution bringing pitfalls and opportunities For safety & visibility & health, brighter not always better Value of community friendly lighting

52 Credit: Paul Bogard Questions?

53 Smart Outdoor Lighting Initiative Light the Night Right - May 16, 2018 Education/Awareness Night Walk Observe, experience Sign in / Survey Photo Les Kipp