Keynote Water-Energy-Food Nexus

Transcription

1 Keynote Water-Energy-Food Nexus Hani Sewilam Professor & Director, The Center for Sustainable Development The American University in Cairo Egypt

2 Self-explanatory chart Water Energy Food Nexus

3 What is Development? GDP Growth Rate in Tunisia

4 What is Development? GDP Growth Rate in Egypt

5 GDP Growth in Egypt GDP in Egypt % 3.2% 3.2% 4.1% 4.5% 6.8% 7.1% 7.2% % 5.1% 1.8% 1.5% GDP is calculated as the value of the total final output of all goods and services produced in a single year within a country s boundaries.

6 Economic Growth Food Security Health Services Education Services Employment Opportunities Environmental Protection

7 Sustainable Development Environment Unsustainable Development Society Economy

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9 Food

10 Food security Food security exists when all people, at all times, have physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food which meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life (World Food Summit, Rome,1996). Food availability: sufficient quantities Food access: access able by individuals Utilization: adequate diet, clean water, sanitation and health Stability: accessibility over time

11 Arab Countries Are the Largest Net Importers of Cereal in the World (million metric tons, 2007)

12 Net grain imports to the Arab Middle East and North Africa,

13 Energy

14 Energy in the Arab Region

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16 Solving Europe's energy problem

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18 Water

19 Water in the Arab Region Rainfall in the Arab Region Muscat, Oman, December By the United Nations Development Programme

20 Total renewable water resources per capita, 1992, 2002 and m3/capita/year 2013 By the United Nations Development Programme

21 Accumulated desalinated water in selected Arab countries, 2010 and By the United Nations Development Programme

22 Wastewater produced and treated in some Arab countries, Treated wastewater is 4.7 billion m3/year few countries have institutional guidelines for regulating treated wastewater about 40 per cent of wastewater is untreated By the United Nations Development Programme

23 Energy Food Water

24 Slice of Pizza 333 gallons (1,260 liters) of water dough, tomato sauce and cheese

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26 Virtual Water

27 Energy & Food The food sector currently accounts for around 30 percent of the world s total energy consumption.

28 Energy & Food Energy Food Energy for Food Producing fertilizers Agriculture processes Food Processing Food for Energy Biofuels

29 Energy & Water Energy Water Energy for Water Pumping Sewage treatment Transport Desalination Water for Energy Cooling Hydropower Biofuel Heating

30 Food & Water Food Water Water for Food Irrigation Processing

31 Water-Energy-Food Nexus Energy Food Water

32 Water-Energy-Food Nexus

33 The Case of Egypt

34 WEF Policy Framework

35 Knowledge Triangle Platform for Water-Energy-Food Nexus Develop a national Water-Energy-Food strategy and collaboration platform Training junior researchers on interdisciplinary waterenergy-food research and offering PhD Summer Schools Developing a web-based knowledge-sharing system

36 TriNex Partners

37 National WEF Council (Stakeholders) Civil Society Universities SMEs National WEF Council Water Energy Agriculture Housing Environment

38 Data Base Stakeholders Developing Decision Scenarios Scenario/ Response Xj No Restrictions? Yes Analysis Performance Indicators (Yki)j Assessment (Yki)j Ranking Score Vj Weights WEF Nexus Decision Making Process No Last Scenario Yes? Rank Scenarios Decision

39 WEF Research

40 Greening the Desalination Input 2. Energy Output 1. Fresh Water Input 1. Saline Water Desalination Plant Output 2. Waste Brine

41 Thermal vs. Membrane

42 Salty Water Pressure Reverse Osmosis Fresh Water

43 Forward Osmosis Salty Water Draw Solution (e.g. Mg Sulphate)

44 Energy for Desalination

45 Growing Nr of Publications

46 Selected Areas for potential FDFO application in Egypt

47 ZLD

48 Green Technologies Lab The Nexus Model

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50 Desalination Lab The Nexus Model

51 Biogas Unit The Nexus Model

52 Sub-surface Irrigation

53 End Products Zero CO2 Energy Low cost desalinated water Energy-smart food

54 What is Next

55 Dual MSc Degree in Sustainable Development

56 MSc in Sustainable the American University in Cairo