BIOLOGY. Monday 20 Mar 2017

Transcription

1 BIOLOGY Monday 20 Mar 2017

2 Entry Task What is the ultimate source of energy for most all life on Earth? The Sun What are the two types of autotrophs? Explain where the energy for each comes from. Photosynthesis = from the energy in sunlight. Chemosynthesis = from the chemical bonds in organic molecules.

3 Agenda Housekeeping Consumers Food Chains & Food Webs

4 Housekeeping Substitute on Wednesday & Thursday (22-23 Mar). POGIL - Ecological Pyramids Ecological Pyramid Foldable Substitute on Monday, 27 Mar. POGIL - Nutrient Cycles Substitute Wednesday through Friday (29-31 Mar.) Quarter 3 ends Early release schedule Chpt 3 workbook

5 Chpt 3 Objectives You will be able to answer the following questions. How do consumers obtain energy & nutrients?

6 Consumers Heterotrophs: must acquire energy from other organisms. Consumers: Organisms that rely on other organisms for energy and nutrients. Classified by the ways they acquire energy & nutrients. - Carnivores - Decomposers - Herbivores - Detritivores - Omnivores - Scavengers p. 71

7 Consumers Consumer classifications. Carnivores Captures, kills, & eats other animals. Requires energy, but meat is generally rich in nutrients & energy, & easy to digest. Herbivores Obtains energy and nutrients from eating plant leaves, roots, seeds, or fruits. p. 71

8 Consumers Consumer classifications. Omnivores Diet naturally includes a variety of different foods. Foods usually include both plants & animals. Decomposers Bacteria & fungi that feed by chemically breaking down organic matter. The decay process produces detritus, small particles of dead & decaying plant & animal remains. p. 71

9 Consumers Consumer classifications. Detritivores Feed on detritus, often grinding them into even smaller pieces. Commonly digesting decomposers that live on, & in, particles. Scavengers Consume the carcasses of other animals that have been killed by predators or have died of other causes p. 71

10 Consumers Consumer classifications. These simple categories often do not express the real complexity of nature. E.g. hyenas are often described as carnivores, but will scavenge if necessary. p. 72

11 Consumers Identify each color as either a primary producer or one of the 6 consumers. Primary Producer Carnivore Herbivore Omnivore Detritivore Decomposers Scavengers p. 71

12 Consumers Identify each color as either a primary producer or one of the 6 consumers. Primary Producer Carnivore Herbivore Omnivore Detritivore Decomposers Scavengers p. 71

13 Check on Learning How do primary producers make energy-rich compounds? Photosynthesis Chemosynthesis How do consumers get the energy they need to survive? Eating other organisms What are some different categories of consumers? - Carnivores - Decomposers - Herbivores - Detritivores - Omnivores - Scavengers p

14 BIOLOGY Tuesday 21 Mar 2017

15 Entry Task All organisms can be classified as one type of consumer or another? Explain. Simple consumer classifications often do not express the real complexity of nature.

16 Agenda Housekeeping Food Chains & Food Webs Food Web Manipulative

17 Housekeeping Substitute tomorrow & Thursday (22-23 Mar). POGIL - Ecological Pyramids Ecological Pyramid Foldable Substitute on Monday, 27 Mar. POGIL - Nutrient Cycles Substitute Wednesday through Friday (29-31 Mar.) Quarter 3 ends Early release schedule Chpt 3 workbook

18 Chpt 3 Objectives You will be able to answer the following questions. How do consumers obtain energy & nutrients? What are the different types of ecological pyramids?

19 Interdependence What does interdependence mean? Inter- means between or among What things in your life are interdependent? p. 73

20 Food Chains How does energy flow through ecosystems? Energy flows through an ecosystem in a one-way stream, from primary producer to various consumers. p. 73

21 Food Chains Food Chain: A series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating or being eaten. The of links (steps) determine how far a consumer is removed from a primary producer. p. 73

22 Food Web Food Web: A network of complex interactions formed by the feeding relationships among various organisms in an ecosystem. Consists of multiple food chains linked together. Decomposers & detritivores return nutrients back into the system. p

23 Food Web Why is a food web a more accurate representation of the feeding relationships in an ecosystem than a food chain? Organisms are rarely food or feed on just one other organisms. Food chains are simple, but feeding interactions are rather complex. Many different feeding relationships exist between organisms in an ecosystem. p

24 Food Chains & Food Webs Why might scientists study feeding relationships using a model, such as a food chain or food web? Feeding relationships may be difficult to observe, & it may be unethical to experiment with them. What type of predictions could be made using a food chain or food web? A food web could be used to predict what would happen if a certain population in an ecosystem increased or decreased in size. p

25 Food Web Complexity of food webs & disturbances: p. 76

26 Disturbances How might an increase in the herring population affect the emperor penguin population? Emperor penguins eat herring. An increase in the emperor penguin s food source would likely lead to increase in their population. Suppose the killer whale population is significantly reduced by disease. How might this affect the leopard seal population? A decrease in the killer whale population might lead to an increase in the leopard seal population, because killer whales a leopard seal s only predator. p

27 Food Web Manipulative Food Web Manipulative: In your groups, organize the cards so they demonstrate the correct feeding interactions. When you believe you have the correct feeding interactions, draw or sketch the web on the worksheet. When directed switch sets with another group: Even numbers with even numbers, odd with odd. Redo steps above. p

28 Check on Learning What do we call a complex interaction of feeding relationships? Food webs. p

29 BIOLOGY Wednesday 22 Mar 2017

30 Guest Teacher Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning: Ecological Pyramids. Instructions: You will work in your groups; do not go beyond stop signs without the rest of your group. Designate 1 representative to seek assistance from another group 1st if you get stuck, then the teacher. Note: POGIL - Ecological Pyramids worksheet can be

31 BIOLOGY Thursday 23 Mar 2017

32 Guest Teacher Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning: Ecological Pyramids. Instructions: You will work in your groups; do not go beyond stop signs without the rest of your group. Designate 1 representative to seek assistance from another group 1st if you get stuck, then the teacher. Note: POGIL - Ecological Pyramids worksheet can be

33 Guest Teacher Ecological Pyramid Foldable Instructions: Complete all three sides of the ecological pyramid foldable according to the rubric. Example taped to the front dry erase board. Note: Ecological Pyramid Foldable worksheet can be

34 BIOLOGY Friday 24 Mar 2017

35 Entry Task What are the three types of ecological pyramids? What is represented by each pyramid? Pyramid of energy Pyramid of biomass Pyramid of numbers

36 Agenda Housekeeping Ecological Pyramids Complete Asssignments

37 Housekeeping Substitute on Monday, 27 Mar. POGIL - Nutrient Cycles Substitute Wednesday through Friday (29-31 Mar.) Quarter 3 ends Early release schedule Spirit Week Parent Conferences Chpt 3 workbook

38 Pride Week These are the themes for next week (27-31 Mar). Monday = College Gear Day Tuesday = Mathletes vs Athletes Wednesday = Warrior Wednesday Thursday = Hero vs Villain Friday = Class Color Day

39 Ecological Pyramids Trophic level = each step of a food chain or food web. Represented by ecological pyramids, showing the relative amount of energy or matter contained within each level. There are 3 types of ecological pyramids: Pyramid of energy Pyramid of biomass Pyramid of numbers p. 77

40 Ecological Pyramids Pyramids of energy: Show the relative amount of energy available at each trophic level. Generally only 10% of the available energy makes it to the next trophic level. p. 77

41 Ecological Pyramids Pyramids of biomass: Illustrates the relative amount of available living organic matter at available each trophic at each level. trophic level in an ecosystem. Measured in grams of organic matter per unit area. Determined in part by the amount of energy available. p. 78

42 Ecological Pyramids Pyramids of biomass numbers: Illustrates Shows the the relative relative number amount of individuals at each trophic level available in an ecosystem. at each trophic level. Consumers may be much less numerous than the organisms they feed upon. - In such cases, pyramid may be turned upside down. p. 78

43 Check on Learning What are the different ecological pyramids? Explain each in 6 words or less. Pyramid of Energy Pyramid of Biomass Pyramid of Numbers How much energy moves up the pyramid of energy? Generally 10% of the total energy. What can occur to a pyramid of numbers? Can be turned upside down. p

44 POGIL Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning: Ecological Pyramids. Instructions: You will work in your groups; do not go beyond stop signs without the rest of your group. Designate 1 representative to seek assistance from another group 1st if you get stuck, then the teacher. Note: POGIL - Ecological Pyramids worksheet can be

45 Pyramid Foldable Ecological Pyramid Foldable Instructions: Complete all three sides of the ecological pyramid foldable according to the rubric. Example taped to the front dry erase board. Note: Ecological Pyramid Foldable worksheet can be