10/1/2009 California Calif s ornia Delt a Delt (Es t (Es uary) y About a Proposed Pr Delt a Delt Canal 3

Transcription

1 Opportunities and Challenges for Supplementing Water Supplies in California a Local Approach Ground Water Protection Council Energy and Water Forum Salt Lake City, Utah September 15, 2009 Timothy K. Parker, PG, CHG, CEG PARKER GROUNDWATER Sacramento, CA PO Box , Sacramento, CA 95822, tim@pg tim.com, tim.com California has its Challenges Here are some signs: Increasing well installations Groundwater depletion More groundwater projects More groundwater studies Salinity increasing Conjunctive use increasing Integrated management standard Increasingly in legislation Increasing visibility 1

2 2

3 California s Delta (Estuary) About a Proposed Delta Canal 3

4 California Water Policy Increased visibility of water and groundwater The Delta story Smelt CALFED, BDAC, get well together NOT Water Bond gridlock SW reservoirs Delta Vision Blue Ribbon Task Force 2009 Delta Water Bill and Bond Package Delta Conservancy and Protection (Wolk) Delta Governance (Simitian) Delta Plan (Huffman) Water Use Reporting (Pavley) Water Conservation and Sustainable Management (Feuer and Huffman) 4

5 California Groundwater Policy LAO provocative briefs Groundwater Management and Drinking Di Water Wt Quality Issues April 2008 California s Water: an LAO Primer Oct 2008 Water Rights: Issues and Perspectives March 2009 No statewide permitting Reasonable use requirement outdated/not linked to scarcity Water rights realignment necessary Recommends statewide groundwater rights and quality permitting California Drivers Third Year of Drought Colorado cutbacks and political unrest with long term drought Delta cutbacks 30% reductions in SoCAL supplies likely to be more Delta Vision Blue Ribbon Task Force Recommendations Water quality issues increasing in intensity Salinity management Arsenic Perchlorate MtBE PPCPs Hexavalent chromium proposed PHG of 60 PPT 5

6 California The Challenges and Some Solutions New Dams very unlikely Climate change and droughts Elected officials, growth, and value of water Increasing emphasis on Conservation Recycled water (new policy) Stormwater (new policy) Desalinization Groundwater Increase development Increase recharge Spreading Direct injection In lieu Where is this taking us? Low Impact Development (LID) Analysis of Potential Water Harvesting Estimates of Energy and GHG Benefits 6

7 Acknowledgments Robert Wilkinson, Ph.D. Director, Water Policy Program Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara Noah Garrison, Project Attorney Natural Resources Defense Council Santa Monica, CA Impervious vs. Pervious Surfaces and Groundwater Recharge 7

8 Urban Stormwater Runoff Causes 8

9 Chino Basin Land Use Wildermuth Environmental Stormwater Flows 9

10 Impervious vs. Pervious Surfaces and Groundwater Recharge City City of Lincoln, NE Watershed Management Division 10

11 11

12 12

13 Rain Gardens 13

14 Rain Barrels/Cisterns Analysis Urban Southern California and San Francisco Bay area Land Use: Existing percentage of impervious surface and projected development rate for commercial and residential land use Infiltration potential based on soil permeability and availability of site open space Annual precipitation it ti Current groundwater use and potential for aquifer recharge or capture and reuse 14

15 Imperviousness San Francisco Bay Area Imperviousness Southern California 15

16 Constraints/Assumptions Land Use: incorporates only commercial and residential development, and not industrial, government, public use, or transportation Only new and redevelopment, with limited application to retrofitting Does not include the existing built environment Includes only urbanized southern California and the San Francisco Bay Area; does not account for the rest of the state Constraints/Assumptions Accounts for areas of shallow groundwater or existing iti groundwater contamination ti in assessing infiltration potential Accounts for the effects of evapotranspiration on infiltration Assumes that capture will harvest water from rooftop surfaces only Does not consider loss rate from conveyance 16

17 Rooftop Capture Findings Potential savings in urban southern California and San Francisco Bay area by 2020 (increasing thereafter): 120,000 to 220,000 acre feet per year 17

18 Energy and GHG Energy Use for Water in California 19% Electricity 33% Natural Gas (non power plant) 18

19 Energy Intensity 19

20 Low Impact Development Potential Savings in Urbanized Southern California i and SF Bay Area by 2020 (increasing i each year thereafter): 120,000 to 220,000+ acre feet/year 325,000 to 660,000 megawatt hours/year 142,000 to 288,000 metric tons ofco2 equivalent/year Low Impact Development Equivalent to: Water for approximately 1,000,000 people Electricity for more than 56,000 single family homes per year More than 52,000 cars off the road annually Does not take into account opportunity for use statewide or from industrial, government, public use, and transportation development 20

21 Private Ranch with engineered swale To slow downhill sheetflow Rooftop rainwater capture routed into two parallel 4 foot deep infiltration wells Atwood Ranch Private Ranch with drainage ditch to capture hilltop water and divert downhill to pond Summary/Conclusions California has a lot of challenges, including technical, regulatory, legal and political Solutions, both mandated and proposed include increased use of recycled water, stormwater and groundwater LID is also catching on quickly and has the potential ti for multiple l benefits if done correctly Time will tell 21

22 end 22