Academic Year Second Term. Science Revision sheets

Transcription

1 Academic Year Second Term Science Revision sheets Name: Grade:8 Date: Section: (A) Science Practice : Q1: Choose the letter of the choice that best answer the questions: 1. Coal is a natural resource. Why is coal considered nonrenewable? A. Coal will never run out. B. No new coal is being produced on Earth. C. Coal is used to produce energy and not materials. D. Coal is being used faster than it is being produced. 1. Trees can be classified as different kinds of resources. Which of these statements gives a reason for classifying a tree as an energy resource? A. It is a renewable resource. B. It can be used to build a home. C. It can be burned to provide heat. D. It requires energy to grow a tree. 2. Which of these activities requires the use of a material resource? A. heating a home B. manufacturing steel C. climbing a tall mountain D. generating an electric current 1

2 3. The figure below includes many natural resources. Which of the materials shown here could be classified as an inexhaustible natural resource? A. trees B. water C. cattle D. sunlight 5. Which is one of the disadvantages of using fossil fuels as an energy resource? A. Burning fossil fuels produces radioactive wastes. B. Gases released during combustion can form acid rain. C. The heat released during combustion can be used to produce electricity. D. Fossil fuels produce a tremendous amount of energy that is difficult to contain. 6. What is a disadvantage of using solar energy? A. Solar energy can be harnessed in coastal regions only. B. Harnessing solar energy requires destroying ecosystems. C. The sun provides only a small amount of energy to Earth. D. The equipment is expensive to manufacture and maintain 7. Why is nuclear energy considered to be a nonrenewable energy resource? A. Some people do not support the use of nuclear energy as a resource. B. Fuels, such as uranium ore, are not replaced in nature as quickly as they are used. C. Nuclear power plants produce waste that must be stored for long periods of time. D. Atomic fission produces heat that is often released into waterways as thermal pollution. 2

3 8. How is geothermal energy used? A. Material is burned to cook food or drive engines. B. Moving water turns a turbine to produce electricity. C. Wind turns a mill that makes a generator work. D. Heated water warms buildings or generates electricity. 9. Some renewable energy sources are powered by the sun. What is another source for renewable energy? A. nuclei B. electronic devices C. the composition of Earth D. other planets in the solar system 10. The town of Winchester recently built an artificial body of water. This reservoir will store drinking water for the town. Which of the following could cause contamination of the water and lead to human health-related problems and loss of native species? A. development of a water quality plan B. building a fence around the reservoir C. improvements to a water treatment facility D. increased use of fertilizer to keep the vegetation growing 3

4 11. The line graph below shows the average amount of dissolved nutrients in a body of water each year from 1998 to Which human activity most likely affected this body of water between 2000 and 2003? A. burning fossil fuels B. dumping litter in the water C. adding chemical fertilizers to water D. discharging warm water into the body of water 12. Humans need fresh, clean water to survive. Which of these statements is true about fresh water? A. An unlimited amount of fresh water is available on Earth. B. In some places on Earth, fresh water is being used up faster than it can be replaced. C. The global population is currently decreasing, and people are using less fresh water. D. Fresh water was once considered a renewable resource, but today it is considered an inexhaustible resource. 4

5 13. Helen has lived in a town outside a major city for more than 50 years. Over this time, Helen has observed the development of her town, including the construction of new roads and houses and the loss of natural areas. Which of these terms best describes what happened in the town where Helen lives? A. land pollution B. urban sprawl C. desertification D. nutrient depletion 14. How could throwing a used battery in the trash lead to pollution? A. All batteries can be recharged so they should not be thrown away. B. Used batteries in trash that gets burned could cause thermal water pollution. C. Acids or bases from the battery could soak into landfill soil and pollute groundwater. D. It does not lead to pollution because the chemicals in the battery are permanently contained inside the battery. 15. A community planner learns that a community uses lumber from a nearby forest to build houses and provide fuel for wood-burning stoves. She determines that every year more trees are chopped down than planted. What conclusion can she draw about the sustainability of this community s land-management practices? A. The practices are sustainable because the community plans to use coal in the future. B. The practices are not sustainable because eventually the community will run out of trees. C. The practices are sustainable because the community does not produce much pollution. D. The practices are not sustainable because the community uses the same resource for fuel and shelter. 5

6 16. Several factors can lead to land degradation. Which of these activities is least likely to contribute to land degradation? A. urbanization B. deforestation C. poor farming methods D. using an irrigation system on crops 17. Water is a common, yet vital, substance. Which of these statements supports this fact about water? A. Water is a good solvent. B. Humans need water to live. C. Water is a renewable resource. D. One measure of water quality is its turbidity. 18. How are nonrenewable energy resources different from renewable energy resources? A. Nonrenewable energy resources are used by people to generate heat. B. Nonrenewable energy resources have a financial cost associated with them. C. Nonrenewable energy resources are not natural resources. D. Nonrenewable energy resources are used at a faster rate than they can be replaced. 6

7 19. The diagram below shows changes to the nucleus of an atom. Which process is occurring in the diagram? A. Energy is released as a result of atomic fission. B. Energy is absorbed as a result of atomic fission. C. Energy is released during the combustion of a fossil fuel. D. Energy is being stored during the formation of a fossil fuel. 20. Humans use land in many different ways. The figure below shows one way that humans use land. What category of land use does this figure show? A. agricultural B. commercial C. recreational D. residential 7

8 (B) Earth Science Q2. Match each term in column (A) with its definition in column (B)(each question 1 point) A B 1 Renewable resource the removal of trees and other vegetation from an area. 2 Eutrophication a resource that can be replaced at the same rate at which it is consumed. 3 Deforestation the increase in the amount of nutrients in water. 4 Hydroelectric energy an electrical energy produced by moving water. 5 Thermal pollution the heating of natural water that results from human activity. 6 Fossil fuel a nonrenewable energy resource that forms from the remains of organisms that lived long ago. 7 Fission the process by which human activity and natural processes damage land to the point that it can no longer support the local ecosystem 8 Land degradation an energy released when the nuclei of atoms are split or combined. 9 Nuclear energy a process during which the nuclei of radioactive atoms are split into two or more fragments. 10 Nonpoint-source pollution the pollution that comes from many small sources. 8

9 Answer the following questions Q3. Why is wood considered an energy resource? Why is wood considered a material resource? Q4. Using an example, explain the difference between material resources and energy resources and give an explanation of how each one is used? Q5. List two major advantages of fossil fuel and two major disadvantages of nuclear fuel Advantages of fossil fuel Disadvantages of nuclear fuel 9

10 Q6.Fill in the table about the types of pollution Example A person empties an oil can into a storm drain. Type of pollution A factory releases warm water into a local river. Untreated sewage is washed into a lake during a rain storm. Q7. Fill the Venn diagram to compare characteristics of natural areas and rural areas. Write 1 difference between them and 1 common characteristic. Q8. Since land resources are important to our survival and used to grow food and make products, list four ways to protect the land resources? 10