Sustainable Electricity and Water for Europe, Middle East and North Africa. Franz Trieb und Hans Müller-Steinhagen

Transcription

1 MED-CSP TRANS-CSP AQUA-CSP Sustainable Electricity and Water for Europe, Middle East and North Africa Franz Trieb und Hans Müller-Steinhagen Folie 1 German Aerospace Center (Germany) Dr. Franz Trieb, Dipl. Geo. Julia Gehrung, Dr. Peter Viebahn, Dr. Christoph Schillings, Dipl. Phys. Carsten Hoyer National Energy Research Center (Jordan) Eng. Malek Kabariti, Waled Shahin, Ammar Al-Taher University of Aden, (Yemen) Prof. Dr. Hussein Altowaie University of Sana a, (Yemen) Prof. Dr. Towfik Sufian University of Bahrain, (Bahrain) Prof. Dr. Waheeb Alnaser Prof. Dr. Abdelaziz Bennouna, formerly at CNR (Morocco) Intern. Forschungszentrum für Erneuerbare Energien e.v. (Germany) Dr. Nasir El-Bassam Kernenergien The Solar Power Company (Germany) Dipl.-Ing. Jürgen Kern Nokraschy Engineering GmbH (Germany) Dr.-Ing. Hani El-Nokraschy Deutsche Gesellschaft Club of Rome (Germany) Dr. Gerhard Knies, Dr. Uwe Möller House of Water and Environment (Palestine) Dr. Amjad Aliewi, Hafez Shaheen Center for Solar Energy Studies (Libya) Dr. Ibrahim Elhasairi Centre de Developpement des Energies Renouvelables (Morocco) Mme. Amal Haddouche (Director General) University of Bremen (Germany) Dr. Heike Glade New Energy Algeria (Algeria) Tewfik Hasni (Director) New and Renewable Energy Authority (Egypt) Samir Hassan (Director) Hamburg Institute of International Economics (Germany) Honorat Satoguina IFEED Folie 2

2 Task Assessment of the renewable energy potential for the sustainable supply of electricity and water in 50 countries of Europe, the Middle East and North Africa taking into consideration the option of Concentrating Solar Power. Folie 3 50 Countries in EUMENA analysed Europe (EU) Scandinavia Western Europe Eastern Europe South-Eastern Europe Western Asia North Africa Arabian Peninsula Middle East & North Africa (MENA) Folie 4

3 Criteria for Sustainable Electricity Supply: Inexpensive low electricity cost no long term subsidies Secure diversified and redundant supply power on demand based on inexhaustible resources available or at least visible technology capacities can be expanded in time Compatible low pollution climate protection low risks for health and environment fair access Folie 5 Portfolio of Energy Sources for Electricity: Coal, Lignite Oil, Gas Nuclear Fission, Fusion Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) Geothermal Power (Hot Dry Rock) Biomass Hydropower Wind Power Photovoltaic Wave / Tidal ideally stored primary energy storable primary energy fluctuating primary energy Folie 6

4 Principle of a Concentrating Conventional Thermal Solar Thermal Power Power Plant Plant Concentrating Solar Collector Field (Mirrors) Solar Heat Thermal Power Cycle (e.g. Steam Turbine) Fuel Electricity Thermal Energy Storage Process Heat concentrated, easily storable solar thermal energy as fuel saver firm capacity, power on demand combined generation of process heat for cooling, industry, desalination, etc. Folie 7 SEGS 350 MW, California, since 1985 Planta Solar 10 MW, Sevilla, 2007 Achievements Novatec Murcia, 2007 MAN/SPG Almeria 2007 Nevada Solar I, 64 MW, 2007 Andasol 2 x 50 MW, Guadix, 2007 Folie 8

5 Renewable Electricity Potential in Europe, Middle East & North Africa Biomass (0-1) Geothermal (0-1) Solar (10-250) 1350 TWh/y 1100 TWh/y TWh/y Max 1950 TWh/y Wind Energy (5-50) 1350 TWh/y Hydropower (0-50) Min Electricity Yield in GWh/km² Folie 9 Economic Renewable Electricity Potentials vs. Demand in EUMENA > Electricity in TWh/y How Does a Sustainable Mix Look Like? Solar Geothermal Hydro Wind Biomass Wave/Tide Desalination MENA Europe 0 Potentials Demand 2000 Demand 2050 Folie 10

6 Installed Capacity [GW] Installed Capacity vs. Peak Load in EUMENA 5000 h/a 2000 h/a Import/Export Desalination Year 2400 Photovoltaic Wind Power 2000 Geothermal Hydropower 1600 Biomass Tidal/Wave 1200 CSP Oil & Gas Coal Nuclear Firm Capacity Peak Load 100 % availability plus 25 % reserve capacity Folie 11 Carbon emissions of EUMENA power sector are reduced to 38 % until 2050 in spite of a quickly growing demand CO2-Emissions in Mt/y Year Avoided Import Solar Photovoltaics Wind Geothermal Hydropower Wave / Tidal Biomass CSP Plants Oil / Gas Coal Nuclear Folie 12

7 Electricity Cost (Example Spain) Electricity Cost [c/kwh] Year TRANS-CSP Mix Mix 2000 CSP Import CSP Spain Folie 13 One Square Kilometre of Desert Land using Concentrating Solar Thermal Power is enough to harvest up to: 250 Million kwh/year of Electricity 60 Million m³/year of Desalted Seawater Folie 14

8 Trans-Mediterranean High Voltage Direct Current Electricity Grid: Interstate Highways for Renewable Electricity Folie 15 Strategic Focal Points Efficiency Focus Renewable Energy Focus EU-MENA Cooperation Focus CSP is the Key EU-MENA Interconnection Focus Balancing Power Focus Folie 16

9 Concentrating Solar Power for the Mediterranean Region Trans-Mediterranean Interconnection for Concentrating Solar Power Concentrating Solar Power for Sea Water Desalination MENAREC 2 Amman, Jordan May 2005 MENAREC 3 Cairo, Egypt June 2006 MENAREC 4 Damascus, Syria June 2007 Folie 17