Implementing Ecosystem-Based Management in Canada's Pacific: Developing a Marine Zoning Framework

Transcription

1 Western Washington University Western CEDR Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference 2014 Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference (Seattle, Wash.) May 2nd, 8:30 M - 10:00 M Implementing Ecosystem-Based Management in Canada's Pacific: Developing a Marine Zoning Framework John Bones JG Bones Consulting, Jgbonesconsulting@gmail.com Joanna Smith Birdsmith Ecological Research Steve Diggon Coastal First Nations-Great Bear Rainforest Matthew Justice British Columbia. Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations Follow this and additional works at: Part of the Terrestrial and quatic Ecology Commons Bones, John; Smith, Joanna; Diggon, Steve; and Justice, Matthew, "Implementing Ecosystem-Based Management in Canada's Pacific: Developing a Marine Zoning Framework" (2014). Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference This Event is brought to you for free and open access by the Conferences and Events at Western CEDR. It has been accepted for inclusion in Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference by an authorized administrator of Western CEDR. For more information, please contact westerncedar@wwu.edu.

2 DEVELOPING REGIONL ZONING FRMEWORK Presented by John Bones on behalf of Marine Coordination Team, Marine Planning Partnership for the North Pacific Coast SLISH SE CONFERENCE PRIL 2014 SETTLE, W Mappocean.org

3 WHT IS MRINE ZONING? llocation of coastal and marine space for specific uses and activities in time and/or place. necessary component of marine spatial planning and a required MaPP output. SLISH SE CONFERENCE PRIL 2014 SETTLE, W MaPP 2 of 22

4 GENERL BENEFITS OF ZONING Depending on scale, zoning has the potential to: Increase decision process efficiency & certainty Reduce conflicts between marine users Provide overall guidance for resource managers Recommend spatial locations for marine protection (or development) Identify sensitive ecological, heritage & cultural areas for enhanced management MaPP 3 of 22

5 WHT IS MaPP? MaPP was created by a Letter of Intent (November 2011) to prepare sub-regional marine plans, and a regional priorities plan Signatories are Nanwakolas Council, North Coast-Skeena First Nations Stewardship Society, Coastal First Nations-Great Bear Initiative, and the Province of BC Marine plans have been developed for Haida Gwaii, Central Coast, North Coast and North Vancouver Island The plans are intended to guide responsible marine economic activities, support traditional and cultural uses, and protect marine ecosystems MaPP 4 of 22

6 MPP MRINE PLN RES Haida Gwaii North Coast North Vancouver Island Central Coast MRINE PLNNING PRTNERSHIP MaPP 5 of 22

7 CHLLENGES IN MPP ZONING Jurisdictional complexities & limitations First Nation territorial overlaps Reliability of data & information Balancing biological/ ecological information with social and political preferences/ values Negative perceptions created by zone names Unrelated marine initiatives & decisions MaPP 6 of 22

8 MPP ZONING FRMEWORK NEEDS Consistency to allow for a regional aggregation Scale that allows specific direction for uses/activities Flexibility to accommodate sub-regional variations common set of definitions & terms common set of uses and activities process for establishing zones Tools to assist in determining recommendations for uses/activities in each zone MaPP 7 of 22

9 ZONING FRMEWORK COMPONENTS Principles Objectives Zone Designations ppendices 1 EBM Principles for MaPP 2 IUCN descriptions & guidelines 3 Guidelines for zoning 4 Definitions of Marine Uses 5 Zoning Designation Map (example) 6 Vulnerability matrix 7 Compatibility matrix 8 Recommended Uses & ctivities Table SLISH SE CONFERENCE PRIL 2014 SETTLE, W MaPP 8 of 22

10 ZONING FRMEWORK DEVELOPMENT 1. Reviewed existing plans, literature, guidelines 2. Reached internal agreement on draft zoning approach 3. Developed general process for use of data sets, plans 4. Developed/ acquired tools required to apply zones to subregional plans (Seasketch tool, table of uses, compatibility & vulnerability matrices 5. pplied tools to develop sub-regional plans zones and direction 6. Engaged in review processes- internal, external to finalize zones & direction in sub-regional plans SLISH SE CONFERENCE PRIL 2014 SETTLE, W MaPP 9 of 22

11 THREE ZONE DESCRIPTION General Management Zone (GMZ) No particularly unique values or priorities Most uses/ activities acceptable following EBM approach ddress conflicts through normal & new plan provisions Special Management Zone (SMZ) reas of multiple high values or priorities Can sub-zone for special emphasis or value: Commercial Tourism, Recreation, quaculture, Cultural Heritage,, Renewable Energy Multiple uses/ activities where EBM approach and where compatible in time and space. ddress conflicts through special plan provisions and conditions (can be areaspecific within zone) SLISH SE CONFERENCE PRIL 2014 SETTLE, W MaPP 10 of 22

12 THREE ZONE DESCRIPTION Protection Management Zone (PMZ) reas of high ecological, cultural conservation or protection Primarily for conservation purposes to maintain marine biodiversity, ecological representation and special feature Represent a sub-regional protection network May be advanced for legal designation or regional MP network under appropriate provincial or federal legislation. Recommended uses/ activities reflect interim management apprach for marine leases, licenses (do not address fishery management) Special plan provisions & conditions apply (may be area-specific). PMZ areas assigned to/aligned with IUCN categories and broad activity guidelines (75% rule) SLISH SE CONFERENCE PRIL 2014 SETTLE, W MaPP 11 of 22

13 ZONING RESULT T REGIONL LEVEL General Management Zone: 56% (57,106 ha) Special Management Zone: 4% (4,383 ha) Protection Management Zone: 18% (18,341 ha) Note: 6% of Study rea is not Included in sub-regional plans Note:!6% of Study rea is already in protected status from other processes SLISH SE CONFERENCE PRIL 2014 SETTLE, W MaPP 12 of 22

14 SMPLE RECOMMENDED USES & CTIVITIES TBLE Marine Use/ctivity Recommendation Bottom quaculture (Sites)- Shellfish, Other Invertebrates, Marine Plants Off Bottom quaculture (Sites)- Shellfish, Other Invertebrates, Marine Plants Off Bottom quaculture (Sites)- Finfish C Renewable Energy Generation Forestry Operations Mining Operations Commercial & Recreational nchorage Level 1 Docks, Wharves & Facilities Level 2 Docks, Wharves & Facilities Float Homes C Floating Lodges Commercial Recreation & Tourism Public Recreation & Tourism Research Linear & Point-Source Utilities Uses and activities are considered acceptable subject to all existing legislation, policy and relevant agreements. cceptability of any use/activities does not guarantee that a use/activity will be approved by the appropriate management body(ies). C Uses and activities are considered conditionally acceptable subject to all existing legislation, policy and relevant agreements; and provided they are consistent with (adhere to) the plan conditions. Conditional acceptability of any use/activities does not guarantee that a use/activity will be approved by the appropriate management body(ies). N Uses and activities are considered not acceptable and should not be approved by the appropriate management body(ies). Where a use/activity is outside provincial regulatory authority, the approval of that use/activity is subject to the decision-making process (es) of the responsible authorities. bsence of a use/activity in this table does not imply that the use/activity was not considered or evaluated in the above recommendations or is of no interest. MaPP 13 of 22

15 IUCN GUIDELINES LINK TO RU TBLE (PMZ) MaPP 14 of 22

16 COMPTIBILITY MTRIX MaPP 15 of 22

17 VULNERBILITY MTRIX MaPP 16 of 22

18 SUMMRY OBSERVTIONS Marine zones and tools need to be adaptive to /reflect plan issues, objectives and scale MaPP zones address area issues & EBM components within planning constraints (governance, ecosystem well being, human well being) Marine zoning constrained by level & reliability of information Marine zoning always heavily modified by social, cultural, political perspectives & values Perception issues created by zoning designations have been largely overcome in MaPP process (some exceptions) Decision support tools, compatibility, vulnerability matrices are not primary drivers of zoning but have ongoing value in plan implementation MaPP 17 of 22

19 COMMENTS & QUESTIONS Photo: Doug Neasloss For more information, visit SLISH SE CONFERENCE PRIL 2014 SETTLE, W MaPP 18 of 22