Strategic Planning for the Urban Water System of Tel-Aviv-Yafo, Action Plan and Preliminary Results

Transcription

1 Strategic Planning for the Urban Water System of Tel-Aviv-Yafo, Action Plan and Preliminary Results Moshe Ben-Sasson 1, Einat Amoyal 2, Gal Lederer 2 1 The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem 2 Department of Strategic Planning, Tel Aviv municipality International Symposium and Workshop on CITY WATER INDICATORS FOR THE STRATEGIC PLANNING OF TEL- AVIV YAFO Crown Plaza, Tel-Aviv, January 13-14, 2010 SWITCH goal: To catalyze change towards more sustainable urban water management in the 'City of the Future (2035)' Alexandria, Egypt Chongqing, China Belo- Horizonte, Brazil Zaragoza, Spain 1

2 Sustainable development To ensure that the development meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generation to meet their own needs (WCED, 1987) We have not inherited the earth from our parents, we have borrowed it from our children Economical Environmental Social-cultural Principles of sustainable Urban Water Management Future trends Climate change Population growth Increasing life quality standards Urbanization Stress on the water systems Energy costs 2

3 Principles of sustainable UWM To have strong scientific basis for decision making To manage the urban water system in an integrated way To give priority to water demand management over development of new water resources To give priority to pollution prevention over end-pipe treatment To harvest rainwater and storm water To minimize the energy consumption in the urban water system Unsustainable development in Tel-Aviv,

4 Unsustainable development in Tel-Aviv, The Western Yarqon-Negev line The Yarqon river Sustainable urban water system Hamburg, Germany Annual precipitation 770 mm 4

5 Sustainable urban water system Vision Make water visible is the new image of the river island of Wilhelmsburg in the year 2035, The various water bodies on Wilhelmsburg are visible and accessible, serving as attractive location for the purposes of recreation, living and work.. Issues and Challenges Flood risk (River, Sea) Fluvial flooding inland (Storm) High/rising ground water table Pollution of surface waters Water as element of urban design to develop attractive location Sustainable urban water system Alexandria, Egypt Annual precipitation 200 mm 5

6 Sustainable urban water system Vision We envisage a city where available water resources are managed in an integrated manner, with the participation of all citizens, and are used effectively for development within a framework of environmental sustainability, where all citizens have access to high quality (according to national norms), reliable, sustainable, and affordable water and sanitation services and benefit from a clean and healthy environment Issues and challenges Increasing in water demand Groundwater use Grey water recycling Water demand management Nine low-income, peri-urban areas that remain un or under-served with water and sanitation services Allocation the appropriate water resources to the appropriate water uses Strategic Planning for the Urban Water System of Tel-Aviv - Yafo Objective: Formulating a vision for a sustainable urban water system in Tel Aviv, and developing monitoring tools, made of indicators and associated measures, to benchmark the city s progress towards the vision. Process: Tel Aviv water system profile Tel Aviv water vision Action plan and indicators 6

7 Metropolitan population is about 44% of Israel population Tel Aviv population is about 12.5 % of the metropolitan population Tel Aviv - Yafo In 2025 Tel Aviv s population will be 415, ,000 7

8 Tel Aviv - Yafo Rank 2009 Rank 2008 City Country Score 2009 Score Tokyo Japan Osaka Japan Moscow Russia Geneva Switzerland Hong Kong Zurich Copenhagen New York City Beijing Hong Kong Switzerland Denmark USA China Artificial island in Japan Singapore Singapore Milan Italy Shanghai China Paris France Oslo Norway Caracas Venezuela London UK Tel Aviv Israel Rome Italy Helsinki Finland Dubai UAE Vienna Austria Tel Aviv urban water system: Energy Average elevation: 30 m Electric consumption in Tel Aviv is about 8.5% of Israel total electric consumption Water system in Tel Aviv consume about 0.8% of the total electric consumption in Tel-Aviv 8

9 Tel Aviv urban water system: Waste Sewage Shafdan Heavy metal sludge Ramat Hovav Tel Aviv urban water system integrated components Sewage system Water supply system Drainage system Mediterranean sea Yarqon river Ayalon river Coastal aquifer Mediterranean sea Yarqon river Ayalon river 9

10 Tel Aviv urban water system integrated components Israel national water system About 2000 Mm 3 / year Sewage Tel Aviv Water system Potable water 50 Mm 3 / year Israel national water system Water authority campaign for water saving 10

11 4/30/10 Water supply in Tel-Aviv In the year 2006 Water loss (%) Specific residential water consumption (m3/year) Elat Ashdod Beer Sheva Haifa Herzelia Jerusalem Tel-Aviv Israel average Water education in Tel-Aviv מהדורה פנימית תש"ע 11

12 Tel Aviv urban water system: Supply The supplies reservoirs have volume of 1/3 of the daily consumption! There is no safe radius around the drilling! Tel Aviv urban water system: Supply PVA Pipe Vulnerability Assessment (Age and materials of the pipes) Water supply system PVA 82 Water supply system length 852 km 12

13 Tel Aviv urban water system: Supply Water quality 2004 No of samples 1581 No of irregular samples 13 Percents of irregular samples (%) All the irregular samples were found to be O.K. in revalidation tests Tel Aviv urban water system: Sewage Today, there are about 480!!! cesspits (holding tanks) all over Tel Aviv Sewage PVA - 43 Sewage system length 575 km Cesspits- 13

14 Tel Aviv urban water system: Drainage Average annual precipitation 530 mm Surface area - 50,000*10 4 m millions m 3 of rain Tel Aviv urban water system: Drainage In the years , calls were accepted in the municipal telephone service center regarding floods of apartments, roads, shops etc. 14

15 Tel Aviv UWS: Natural water bodies The coastal aquifer Chrome Nitrate Trichloroethylene Chloride Tel Aviv urban water system: Natural water bodies Nablus Tel Aviv Yarqon river Ayalon river Jerusalem 15

16 4/30/10 Tel Aviv UWS: Natural water bodies Ayalon River Yarqon river Ayalon river 1992 Shetoolim dam Ayalon river Tel Aviv UWS: Natural water bodies Yarqon River 1200 m3/year of effluent Today: 400 m3/year In the past: 25,000 m3/year 16

17 4/30/10 Tel Aviv UWS: Natural water bodies Yarqon River Pumping station 2008 Tel Aviv UWS: Natural water bodies Yarqon River 17

18 Tel Aviv urban water system: Natural water bodies Mediterranean sea, Conclusions: Tel Aviv UWS Strengths Developed system Highly maintained (supply system) Low energy consumption Transportation of all the sewage out of city Strict water quality control Water education program Yarqon protection action 18

19 Conclusions: Tel Aviv UWS Weakness High residential water consumption Floods inappropriate drainage system Old sewage system (480 cesspits) Expensive land Yarqon and Ayalon rivers, Coastal aquifer pollutions Small emergency reserves National water shortage Conclusions: Tel Aviv UWS Threats 15% population growth (in 2025) Collapse of old parts in the system National water shortage Coastal aquifer pollution (gasoline stations, salty water) Break of external water supply (war, terror, water pollution, earth quake) 19

20 Conclusions: Tel Aviv UWS Opportunities New water resources: Desalination? Rain harvesting Water from Turkey ( ) Water reuse Waste water treatment plant? Gray water reuse Conclusions: Tel Aviv UWS Opportunities Water consumption saving Saving in the residential sector Natural water bodies rehabilitation Ayalon river Yarqon river Coastal aquifer Artificial island? 20

21 Acknowledgments: David Jackman, Michael Milner, Klod Piyotro, Lina Wishnivski, Michael Levi, Yehudit West, Yonathan Raz, Michael Levi, Dr. Erez Sverldov, Shaul Gvirtzman, Daniel Solomon Thank you for your listening This work was funded by the SWITCH project 21